1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Augsburg
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Wirtschaftsgebäudes der Diakonissen Klinik
Short description of the intervention
A roof garden of about 370 square meters was built on the new building of the Diakonissenklinik in the course of the general renovation. The new intensive greening of the roof can be seen from many hospital wards and serves as an additional recreation facility for its patients (Ref. 1).
Address

Frölichstraße 17
86150 Augsburg
Germany

Location
Point location, which indicates where the NBS takes place
Total area
370.00m²
NBS area
370.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Building
Website of the intervention
https://diako-augsburg.de/
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2008
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2013
End date of the intervention
2013
Present stage of the intervention
Completed
Goals of the intervention
1. Aesthetic improvement of the clinic building (Ref. 1)
2. Improvement of living and working conditions of patients and doctors (Ref. 1)
3. Creation of a recreational facility for clinic's patients (Ref. 1)
4. Increase of biodiversity (Ref. 1)
Quantitative targets
Unknown
Monitoring indicators defined
1. Number of new plants in the roof garden (Ref. 1)
2. Total area of new green space in square meters (Ref. 1)
Sustainability challenge(s) addressed
Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
Climate change adaptation
Water management (SDG 6)
Stormwater and rainfall management and storage
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Green space creation and/or management
Regeneration, land-use and urban development
Promote natural styles of landscape design for urban development
Health and well-being (SDG 3)
Creation of opportunities for recreation
Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
Create or improve outdoor spaces to help people escape from urban heat
Implementation activities
1. Total area of 370 m² of new green space installed (1)
2. Walkways and benches installed (1)
3. Rainwater storage. This type of Optigreen green roof retains ca. 60-70 % of annual rainfall. As a result, incidents caused by heavy rains are reduced by 50 – 100 % and water discharge to the sewer system is delayed (Ref. 6)
4. Improvement of the (micro-) climate through evaporation and transpiration. The retained rainwater evaporates and cools the surroundings (Ref. 6).
Type of NBS project
Creation of new green areas
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Nature on buildings (external)
Green roofs
Type of Green Roof
Intensive Green Roof: depth 7 - 24+ inches; plants: Perennials, Lawn, Putting green, Shrubs and Trees, rooftop farming; High maintenance and costs
Vegetation Type
Grass
Shrubs
Trees
Flower beds
Garden beds
Other
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Fountain (Ref. 9).
Amenities offered by the NBS
Benches and drinking water stations
Viewing and outlook points
Other
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Mental and physical health and wellbeing
Scale
Spatial scale
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Private sector/Corporate/Company
Other
Please specify "other primary beneficiary"
Clinic's patients (Ref. 1)
Governance
Governance arrangements
Led by non-government actors
Non-government actors
Public sector institution (e.g. school or hospital)
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
Building owner: Evangelische Diakonissenanstalt, Augsburg;
Building Architect: Endres + Tiefenbacher, Augsburg;
Landscape architect: R. Baldauf Landschaftsarchitekten, Neusäß;
Roofing: Garden King, Adelsried;
Green roof construction: Optigreen system solution "Garden roof";
Sealing: Bitumen;
Roofing: Neuburg Construction Protection Albert Weber GmbH, Neuburg an der Kammel (Ref. 1)
Key actors - initiating organization
Non-government organisation/civil society
Land owners
Hospital
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Non-government organisation/civil society
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Land owners
Hospital
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Unknown
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
The nation-wide strategy "Building Green" encourages roof, facade and interior greening with a support of the association "Allianz Bauwerksbegrünung" (Ref. 3). The project of the Diakonissen Klinik was mentioned as an example in the strategy's project catalogue (Ref. 8).
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify other vegetation type
"A total of 62 plant species were applied, a colorful and expertly coordinated mixture of mosses, grasses, perennials, kitchen herbs, berries, ground cover, climbing plants, hedge elements, solitary shrubs and trees" (Ref. 9).
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
A labor union Bauwerksgegrunung unites participants from different areas around the roof-, facade- and interior landscape design (Ref. 2). In 2015, the union awarded the title of "Green Roof of 2015" to the Diakossinen Klinik project.
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
MANN, G. (1994): Ökologisch-faunistische Aspekte begrünter Dächer in Abhängigkeit vom Schichtaufbau (Ecological and faunistic aspects of greened roofs depending on the layer structure). - Dissertation University of Tübingen (the research project connected not directly to the project, but mentioned on the NBS website as an example of a research on a green roof technology) .
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify
The project was financed by Evangelische Diakonissenanstalt, Augsburg (1)
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Unknown
Financing
Total cost
Unknown
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Unknown
Source(s) of funding
Private Foundation/Trust
Type of fund(s) used
Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Business models
Green densification model
Green health model
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Private non-for-profit actor (e.g. NGO, foundation)
Type of innovation
Technological
Product innovation
Please specify technological innovation
Optigreen landscape roof structure contains several technological layers (approved by German national regulations):
Optigreen Vegetation; Optigreen Intensive Substrate Type i (230 - 350 mm); Alternatively: Optigreen Lawn Substrate Type R (min. 200 mm); Optigreen Filter Fleece Type 105; Optigreen Drainage Board Type FKD 60 BO (60 mm), filled with Drainage Layer Type Perl 8/16 (45 l/m²); Suitable substructure;Waterproofing membrane (Ref. 4).

This structure allows to build-up multi-layered drainage board for intensive roof greening, create additional living space (perennial beds, recreational lawns, shrubberies, ponds, seating areas etc.), automatic irrigation, urban farming (Ref. 4).
Novelty level of the innovation
The innovation is copied/derived from previous initiative(s) without substantial adaptation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The company Optigreen installed this type of the green roof solution previously within the package "Garden Roof Solution" (Ref. 5).
Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Environmental impacts
Climate change
Lowered local temperature
Water management and blue areas
Improved stormwater management
Green space and habitat
Increased green space area
Increased number of species present
Description of environmental benefits
Climate change:
-Lowered local temperature: The greenery protects the roof membrane from extreme temperature differences, UV rays, hail, and incrustation. This makes for a roof lifespan approximately twice as long as that of a non-greened roof (Ref. 6). Improvement of the (micro-) climate through evaporation and transpiration. The retained rainwater evaporates and cools the surroundings (Ref. 6).

Water management and blue areas:
-Improved stormwater management: Rainwater storage. This type of Optigreen green roof retains ca. 60-70 % of annual rainfall. As a result, incidents caused by heavy rains are reduced by 50 – 100 % and water discharge to the sewer system is delayed (Ref. 6).

Green space and habitat:
-Increased green space area: 370 m^2 of greenery added to roof (Ref. 9).
-Increased number of species present: A total of 62 new plant species were applied in the roof garden's design (Ref. 1).
Economic impacts
Unknown
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Social and cultural impacts
Social justice and cohesion
Improved liveability
Improved access to urban green space
Increased opportunities for social interaction
Health and wellbeing
Improved physical health
Gain in activities for recreation and exercise
Description of social and cultural benefits
Social justice and cohesion:
-Improvement of liveability/Improved access to urban green space/Increased opportunities for social interaction: "The seats, which ensure a cozy ambience, are deliberately arranged according to the course of the day of the sun: a bench based on the striking line of sight of the neighboring motherhouse church with morning sun, a round, sunny resting place with an ivy corner as a privacy screen in the south with the midday sun and the rather shady main seat with greenery Steel-wood pergola in the north with evening sun. “Despite views from the ward rooms of the hospital and the hotel's staircase,” says Georg Schütz, “the user of this roof garden can comfortably relax in the various resting places and enjoy the splendor of the perennials due to the arrangement of trees and bushes. Some enjoy with a view from above, others enjoy directly on the roof!" (Ref. 9).

Health and wellbeing:
-Improved physical health/Gain in activities for recreation and exercise: The hospital patients got the possibility of the recreation on the fresh air without being in contact with unhealthy people on the street, excluding the risk of infection (Ref. 9).
Type of reported impacts
Achieved impacts
Indicators
1. Number of new plants in the roof garden (Ref. 1).
2. Total area of new green space in square meters (Ref. 1).
Environmental, social and economic impacts
Environmental quality
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Health and well-being (SDG 3)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
No information available
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Improved access to green and/or blue spaces
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
As of November 4, 2020, the clinic's website states the following: "Dear visitors, the corona pandemic does not avoid the diako either, so that we are increasingly dealing with patients who have tested positive. Since the virus spreads relatively quickly and in various ways, extensive protective measures must be taken. An important measure concerns the visiting regulations. In order to protect non-infected patients, visitors and staff, we have decided - in consultation with other clinics in and around Augsburg - not to allow patient visits for an indefinite period. Available at: https://stadtklinik-diako.de/
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
No evidence in public records
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Unknown
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Water retention measurements via a weather app (Ref. 7)
Link to the output of assessments
http://www.optigreen.co.uk/news/press-archive/innovatives-regenwassermanagement…
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Web links relevant to the intervention
(2) BAUWERKSBEGRÜNUNG
(4) Optigreen structure
(5) GARDEN ROOF SOLUTION: 0-5°
(6) Optigreen Technical Report
(7) INNOVATIVE RAINWATER MANAGEMENT: WEATHER APP CONTROLS DRAINAGE FROM GREEN R…
(8) DER DACHBEGRÜNER
(9)
Documents relevant to the intervention
Attachment Size
Ref. 1 Wirtschaftsgebäude Diakonissen Klinik Augsburg Artenreicher Dachgarten ist FBB-Gründach des Jahres 2015 (76.75 KB) 76.75 KB
Ref. 3 Bundesweite Strategie Gebäudegrün (228.63 KB) 228.63 KB
List of references
1. BuGG Bundesverband GebäudeGrün e. V. (2015). Wirtschaftsgebäude Diakonissen Klinik Augsburg. Artenreicher Dachgarten ist FBB-Gründach des Jahres 2015. Available at: http://www.gebaeudegruen.info/gruen/fuers-auge/fbb-gruendach-des-jahres/ (Document attached).
2. BuGG Bundesverband GebäudeGrün e. V. (2017). BAUWERKSBEGRÜNUNG. Available at: http://www.gebaeudegruen.info/fbb/ueber-uns/ueber-die-fbb/ (Accessed: November 3, 2020).
3. BuGG Bundesverband GebäudeGrün e. V. (2015). Bundesweite Strategie Gebäudegrün, http://www.gebaeudegruen.info/fileadmin/website/downloads/fbb-allgemein/Bundesweite_Strategie_Gebaeudegruen_06-2015.pdf (Document Attached).
4. Optigreen Roof Greening (2014). Optigreen structure. Available at: http://www.optigreen.co.uk/fileadmin/contents/cad_ausland/1_SystemL_O_Aus/1.110-Gartendach_Loesung_1/1.110_EN_Garden_Roof_Solution_1_rev6_2014-07-28.pdf (Accessed: November 3, 2020).
5. Optigreen Roof Greening (n.d.). GARDEN ROOF SOLUTION: 0-5°. Available at: http://www.optigreen.co.uk/system-solutions/garden-roof/solution-1/ (Accessed: November 3, 2020).
6. Optigreen Roof Greening (n.d.). Optigreen Technical Report. Available at: https://www.optigruen.com/planning-aids/technical-brochure/ (Accessed: November 3, 2020).
7. Optigreen Roof Greening (n.d.). INNOVATIVE RAINWATER MANAGEMENT: WEATHER APP CONTROLS DRAINAGE FROM GREEN ROOF. Available at: http://www.optigreen.co.uk/news/press-archive/innovatives-regenwassermanagement-wetter-app-steuert-abfluss-vom-gruendach/ (Website not available in 2020).
8. Optigreen Roof Greening (2015). DER DACHBEGRÜNER. Available at: https://www.optigruen.de/fileadmin/contents/Prospekte/3_DER_DACHBEGRUENER/Der_Dachbegruener_2-2015.pdf (Website not available in 2020).
9. Beschaffungsdienst GaLaBau (2015). Artenreicher Dachgarten ist FBB-Gründach des Jahres 2015. Available at: https://www.soll-galabau.de/aktuelle-news/ansicht-aktuelles/datum/2015/09/27/artenreicher-dachgarten-ist-fbb-gruendach-des-jahres-2015.html (Accessed: November 3, 2020).
Comments and notes
Comments
The Charter "Future City and Green" (Ref. 3) and The "Future City. Strategic Research and Innovation Agency" are the EU-level initiatives which highlight the topic of building greening; the national-level program „Grünbuch Stadtgrün“ Of the Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature conservation, Construction and Nuclear Safety of Germany (Ref. 3). These programs were not directly mentioned in relation to the project of the Diakossinen Klinik's Green roof, however, the aims and measures of the project go in line with the mentioned programs.
Pictures of the NBS
/sites/default/files/nbs/images/green_roof_augsburg.jpg
Public Images
Green Roof of the Diakonissen Klinik Augsburg
Green Roof of the Diakonissen Klinik Augsburg
Gunter Mann (Optigrün), retrieved 09/04/2018
Green Roof of the Diakonissen Klinik Augsburg
Green Roof of the Diakonissen Klinik Augsburg
Gunter Mann (Optigrün), retrieved 09/04/2018