1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Bonn
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Wilde Ecken
Short description of the intervention
Recognizing that wilderness areas in cities are getting scarcer and neglected, the Biological Station Bonn Rhein-Erft conducted a city-wide project, in cooperation with the municipality of Bonn, funded by the Regional Rhineland Association, whose goal was to assess, map, evaluate and redevelop wilderness patches in Bonn. These contain roadside meadows, flower strips, hedges and small green patches growing on concrete walls or fences and pavement cracks. 10 of these "Wild corners" were designated as micro-wilderness areas, information signs were installed and an informative city walk conceptualized (1,4,10).
Address

Bonn
Germany

Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2012
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2014
End date of the intervention
2015
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
1. Care of protected areas and native species of the landscape (2);
2. Record and assess wild animal and plant species and their habitat living in the green areas of the city (2);
3. Conservation of traditional plants, enhancing plant diversity, preserving and reinstating microhabitats;
4. Raise public awareness for the ecological value of wilderness areas in cities;
5. Counteracting the trend of sealing surfaces in densely built areas (2).
Quantitative targets
10 out of the 216 mapped and systematically recorded Wild corners have been selected as illustrative examples and provided with information boards. (2)
Monitoring indicators defined
Unknown
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Implementation activities
216 micro wilderness patches (green walls, green road stretches, small green spaces) were identified, mapped and assessed all over Bonn, 10 of these spaces were selected as public educational sites, where signs were installed to inform about the ecological and cultural-historical value of the sites and the role of rich plant and animal species for urban environments. Some of these wilderness areas were renewed and repopulated with local plant seeds (2, 3).
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
Other
Parks and urban forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Other
Please specify "other urban green space connected to grey infrastructure"
Wild plants growing in the cracks of old city walls or concrete fences. (10)
Flower strips
Please specify "other parks or (semi)natural urban green area"
Small meadows (10)
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Pollination
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The project was designed and conducted by the Biological Station (a non-profit and independent association part of the 40 stations in North-Rhein Wesphalia under the umbrella association of Biological Stations) together with the municipality of Bonn and was funded by the Rheinland Regional Association (Landschaftsverband Rheinland LVR) (2,3,10)
Key actors - initiating organization
Land owners
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Please specify other type of voluntary intervention
The intervention forms part of an array of similiar projects in the wider Rhine region (5).
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify other vegetation type
Wild flowers, weeds, moss
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The Biological Station forms part of a wider regional network called the "LVR-Netzwerk Landschaftliche Kulturpflege" initiated in 2007 that ever since then in collaboration with 10 Biological Stations in the Rhine area has been conducting projects combining natural protection and conservation of cultural landscapes. Other Biological Stations have conducted the same project in their areas, therefore it is assumed that the network has been a major trigger for its execution in Bonn (5).
Also more recently, a biodiversity network was founded.
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
Funding of 38,000 Euros provided by the Rhineland Regional Assoication (2)
Co-finance for NBS
No
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
38,000 Euros
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Funding of 38,000 Euros was provided by the Rhineland Regional Association, a municipal association no mentioning of total costs, but it is assumed that the funding amount is more or less equal to the costs. (2)
Source(s) of funding
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
I would not say that the project itself is considered an innovation per se, especially because it was initiated by an institution aiming at preserving the cultural and natural heritage, so innovation might not be a preference.
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
There are other similiar projects in other cities, however nothing is known about they are using the same approach.
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
- The project preserves the flower strips, roadside meadows, hedges, field edges and cracks on the walls and pavement occupied by native plant species against sealing (10).
- Since the intervention and the improvement of the Wild Corner spots, in some areas, new insect and amphibian species have appeared that also have a critical role in pollination. Such species were the butterflies and flies, strip bugs, bees and bumblebees along with the endangered sand lizard. (10)
- Through the seeding of local, indigenous plants such as poppies, cornflowers, dog roses and black elders in roadside patches nature was regained, natural dynamics on these patches was be reestablished and several animal species were attracted to these habitats, these include the blue tit and the greater whitethroat and the kestrel. (2)
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Description of social and cultural benefits
With 10 information signs about the importance of these spots for the natural urban habitat (plants, animals) citizens who take part in the walking tour gather valuable knowledge about these micro-habitats, the utility of the plants therein, their importance for the local fauna as well as their historico-cultural evolution. That way, they learn about cultural heritage (1, 2,3).
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Unknown
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of September 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Mapping of plants species, direct observation of changes after reintroduction / regeneration of wild natural spaces (2)
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
No
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
No
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
Attachment Size
Project Folder (4.42 MB) 4.42 MB
Practice brochure urban green (2.64 MB) 2.64 MB
List of references
1. Biologische Station Bonn / Rhein-Erft e.V. (2015) Wilde Ecken. Biologische Vielfalt in der Stadt. Website not available September 9, 2020.
2. Schmidt, R. (2015) ‘“Wilden Ecken” auf der Spur’, General-Anzeiger Bonn, p. 2. Accessed on September, 2020, http://www.general-anzeiger-bonn.de/bonn/hardtberg/Wilden-Ecken-auf-der-Spur-article1664923.html.
3. Biologische Station Bonn / Rhein-Erft e.V. (2015a) LVR-Projekt ‘Wilde Ecken’. Accessed on September, 2020, https://www.biostation-bonn-rheinerft.de/startseite/projekte/projekte-bonn/lvr-projekt-wilde-ecken/lvr-projekt-wilde-ecken
4. Biologische Station Bonn/Rhein-Erft (2015) Wilde Ecken - Biologische Vielfalt in der Stadt, ‘Wilde Ecken’ in Bonn. Natur in unserer Stadt. Website not available September 9, 2020
5. Landschaftsverband Rheinland (2017) Biologische Stationen im Rheinland. Website not available September 9, 2020,
6. n.a. (2014) ‘KfW gibt Zuschüsse für grüne Dächer. Durch Grünpflanzen auf dem Dach können Energiekosten gespart werden. Die KfW-Förderbank gibt dafür ab Juni erstmals Zuschüsse.’, Deutsche HandwerksZeitung. Accessed on September, 2020, http://www.deutsche-handwerks-zeitung.de/kfw-gibt-zuschuesse-fuer-gruene-daecher/150/3095/236247.
7. Bundesministerium für Umwelt / Naturschutz / Bau und Reaktorsicherheit (2015) Grün in der Stadt − Für eine lebenswerte Zukunft. Grünbuch Stadtgrün. Berlin. Website not available September 9, 2020.
8. Schöberl-Floimayr, C., Stadler, M. and Schmoll, A. (2015) Herausforderungen der ‘Stadtlandschaft’ in der Metropologregion Köln/Bonn. Zukunft gemeinsam gestalten. Masterplan Grün, Version 3.0. Köln. September 9, 2020. http://www.region-koeln-bonn.de/uploads/media/Masterplan_Gruen_3_0.pdf
9. Stadt Bonn (2017b) Strategien zum Klimaschutz in Bonn. Website not available September 9, 2020.
10. Biologische Station Bonn/Rhein-Erft. Wilde Ecken in Bonn Flattblatt. Accessed on September 9, 2020, https://www.biostation-bonn-rheinerft.de/sites/default/files/mitarbeiter/dateien/downloads/faltblatt_a5_web.pdf
Comments and notes
Comments
2/targets: no quantitative targets were defined, since the major object of the project was a mapping of the different species
Additional insights
4/enablers/city-wide GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan:
Recently the topic has become very prominent on the political national agenda: in May 2017, a practice guide for implementing urban infrastructure has been released called "Urban green infrastructure - the base for attractive, future proof cities" by the Federal Agency for Natural Protection (Ref. 7, uploaded documents). Also, a white paper focussing on "Green in cities" with guides an action and implementation was issued in May 2017 by the Federal Ministry of Environment (BMUB).
There is a city-level vision called the green masterplan for the Cologne/Bonn region issued in 2010 (original title: Masterplan Grün 3.0) which is understood as an overall guideline and qualitative planning instrument for projects regarding for water, nature, cultural heritage and climate issues (Ref. 8).

4/enablers/city-wide GI/NBS concept:
It is more of a regional concept called "integrated action plan for green infrastructure" (IHK GI) that was issued in collaboration with communities and associations following a state-wide project called "green infrastructure NRW" including concrete projects and actions. However, this concept was only just issued in 2017, so after the project (Ref. 6).
Additionally, there is a city-wide concept for climate mitigation and adaptation where the focus is on heat islands and de-sealing of built-up areas but no actions have been implemented with regards to climate adaptation yet (Ref. 9).

4/enablers/subsidies/investment:
Funding provided by KfW for greening roofs of houses (Ref. 6).
In addition, a large scale national funding programme called "Future City Green" has just been released provding a a budget of 50 Mio for regional governments and communities to initiate interventions aiming at the improvement of urban green infrastructure (Ref. 7)
Public Images
Image
Wilderness corners
Wilderness corners
Biologische Station Bonn / Rhein-Erft e.V., retrieved on 03/10/2018
Image
Wilderness corners
Wilderness corners
Biologische Station Bonn / Rhein-Erft e.V., retrieved on 03/10/2018
Image
Wilderness corners
Wilderness corners
Biologische Station Bonn / Rhein-Erft e.V., retrieved on 03/10/2018
Image
Wilde Corner in Bonn
Source: https://ga.de/bonn/hardtberg/wilden-ecken-auf-der-spur_aid-42415635