1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Bratislava
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Zelený most na diaľnici D2 Moravian Sv. John
Short description of the intervention
The Green Bridge at the D2 motorway in Moravian Svätý Ján (Dúbrava locality) is a project under the Alpine Carpathian Corridor Project (ERDF). The project deals with biodiversity and is focused on building a safe and efficient passage for migrating animals over the D2 motorway connecting Bratislava and Brno (Czech Republic). The mountain ranges of the Alps and the Carpathians, which straddle the border of Austria and Slovakia, are the largest sources of biodiversity in Central Europe. The Corridor’s structure has created a forum for the managers of these regions to share ideas and develop solutions that can be applied within the entire region, instead of only per protected area. To ensure long-term continuity, key stakeholders are party to a Memorandum of Understanding that can contribute to sustainability in their area of responsibility. (1, 5, 6)
Address

D2
Moravský Svätý Ján
908 71 Bratislava
Slovakia

Total area
1400.00m²
NBS area
1400.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Please specify “other type of area” before implementation of the NBS
Highway
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2007
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2012
End date of the intervention
2013
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
(a) The main objective of this plan was to construct a "Green bridge on highway D2 - Moravian Sv. John under the project AKK Basic "(AKK - the Alpine Carpathian Corridor) in the cadastral territory of Moravian Saint John, in the territorial district Senica.
(b) To create an efficient passage for migrating animals over the motorway D2 and to prevent the animals to run into the highway, where a conflict of motor vehicles has frequently resulted in the death of animals.
(c) to protect the species: European badger, otter, wild boar, roe deer, deer plain, red fox, gray wolf and lynx.
(d) Furthermore, To address the issue of isolating populations and subject them to the area's significant climate differentiation. (5, 6)
Quantitative targets
- Edge of ecoducts' slopes offer the possibility of setting up small retention of water reservoirs or rainwater to a depth from 60 to 80cm.
- Reduction of the number of wildlife roadside accidents. The number of wildlife roadside accidents surveyed between 2002-2006 was 205 at the D2 motorway in Záhorí. (5, 6)
Monitoring indicators defined
Number of wildlife protected from roadside accidents. (5, 6)
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
Construction began in 2012 when traffic was strictly limited on the D2 highway connecting Bratislava, Brno, and Breclav. The implementation procedure was divided into six stages. The first stage was carried out under pilot production; the large-diameter side panels of the bridge were removed without traffic restrictions and the production of the precast bridge super structure also began. In the second stage traffic was restricted to the direction E and the SK-held embodiment of the piles below the central support. In the third stage, half of the supporting structure was assembled and a side part-pillar and arch panel and wings were installed in 10 days. The fourth stage transferred the transport direction with the SK-E installed, and the second half of the supporting structure, pillars, arch panel and wing of the bridge were installed in 8 days. The fifth stage allowed traffic back again in both directions. The sixth stage did follow up work, including insulation. (3)
Type of NBS project
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Green corridors and green belts
Vegetation Type
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Local climate regulation (temperature reduction)
Noise reduction
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Public sector institution (e.g. school or hospital)
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Researchers, university
Coalition with multiple of the above
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The AKK, the Alpine-Carpathian Corridor is a project undertaken by Austrian and Slovak institutions, governments and institutions involved with spatial planning, organizations responsible for the preparation and construction of infrastructure, as well as universities and non-governmental organizations, and is financed by EU funds. (4)
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Multilateral organisation
EU body
National government
Regional government
Transnational network
Researchers/university
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Yes
Please specify the "Regional Directive/Strategy"
Pressure on land use in the region located between Vienna and Bratislava is considerable and a solution has been needed to combine ecological requirements with economic activity. As a part of the EU Strategy for the Danube Region (EUSDR) the Corridor is being restored to re-connect the eastern reaches of the Alps to the Western Carpathians and to support ecological connectivity and the sustainable development of the whole region. (7)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
According to the Decree of the Slovak Ministry of the Environment. 24/2003 implementing the Act. 543/2002 Coll. on nature and landscape protection, fauna in the evaluated area and its surroundings are protected animal species. According to the reporting of the area, under Decree Nr. 24/2003 implementing the Act. 543/2002 Coll. on nature and landscape protection, these species linked to the protected bird area in Záhorské Pomoravie. The protected species of fauna are: spotted Crake (Porzana porzana) Eurasian Bittern (Botaurus stellaris) Black Kite (Milvus migrans) Red kite (Milvus milvus) Saker (Falco cherrug) Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) redshank (Tringa totanus), and the inundation area of the Morava, USES sites (bio-centers, bio-corridors), lakes, and the like. The project was also compelled to act in accordance with these and other Slovak legislation. (5, 6)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The project is implemented under the Alpine Carpathian Corridor Project, which is is a project undertaken by Austrian and Slovak partners under the ERDF (4).
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The intervention is part of the Alpine Carpathian Corridor Project and is noted by the European Commission of having been granted at least €1,427,519 of European funds through the European Regional Development Fund. (2, 4)
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Latest and most comprehensive reports state the total cost of the project is €6,396,000 (approximately €85,700 per meter width of the bridge). (3, 5, 6)

It has been noted by the European Commission that at least €1,427,519 of European funds were granted to the project through the European Regional Development Fund; this was stated at a supposedly different interval in the project's development (to the one above) where the project's total cost was recognised as being only €1,852,450. (2)
Source(s) of funding
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
This technological innovation provides support and sustainability to the maintenance of the region's critical sustainable infrastructure due to these areas being at risk of seismic activity. (3)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The construction elements of the corridor provide a special seal commonly used for example in Japan, where the prefabricated flexible system with its thick longitudinal dilation and transverse distribution is immensely popular, since it is extremely resistant to the effects of earthquakes. This is important because the corridor is located in a zone of intense seismic intensity V-VI (on the macro-seismic scale MSK-64). (3)
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Germany and Austria are now planning other similar green bridges over existing highways. In the Austrian case, ASFINAG plans to build sixteen new green bridges between 2016-2027. The construction of this bridge on D2 was tendered for about €64,000 per m. while Austria's plans anticipate about €77,000 per m. (3)
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
1. The project has improved water management around the highway through the retention of water reservoirs or rainwater to a depth from 60 to 80cm by the implemented ecoducts.
2. The project has reduced the number of wildlife roadside accidents due to the collision of animals and vehicles.
3. It has increased the overall green space area by adding a 1400 sq m of a green corridor. Additionally, this has helped in reducing the pollution on the roadside.
4. This has improved the connectivity and allowed the animals to pass through without getting disturbed.
5. Along with saving the animals, the bridge provides habitats for some insects. (1, 5, 6)
Description of economic benefits
1. Reducing financial damage for wildlife lost which was recorded 100 million/100,000 wild animals/year (4)
Description of social and cultural benefits
1. The project, which is among the first projects to be implemented as a part of the EU Strategy for the Danube Region (EUSDR), was also expected to increase the recreational attractiveness of the region and improve the environmental awareness of the population.
2. The Corridor’s structure has created a forum for the managers of these regions to share ideas and develop solutions that can be applied within the entire region, instead of only per protected area. (1)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Improved water management, Reduction of the number of wildlife roadside accidents due to the collision of animals and vehicles. (5, 6)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of October, 2020.
Methods of impact monitoring
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
Yes
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
(1) EU (2018). Alps-Carpathians corridor to protect biodiversity and wild animals s. Retrieved from https://cor.europa.eu/en/news/Pages/Alps-Carpathians-corridor.aspxs on 31st October, 2020.
(2) European Commission. (2007). Innovative Alps-Carpathians Corridor re-establishes a major migration route for wild animals. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/projects/austria/innovative-alps-carpathians-corridor-re-establishes-a-major-migration-route-for-wild-animals on 31st October, 2020.
(3) Bulejko, Pavel. (2016). VÝSTAVBA NOVÉHO ZELENÉHO MOSTU PŘES STÁVAJÍCÍ DÁLNICI D2 NA SLOVENSKU. Retrieved from https://www.asb-portal.cz/inzenyrske-stavby/mosty/vystavba-noveho-zeleneho-mostu-pres-stavajici-dalnici-d2-na-slovensku on 31st October, 2020.
(4) Egger, Gerhard. [no date]. Successful realization of ecological networks – an example: Alps-Carpathians Corridor.
(5) Šembera, Ivan, Šembera, Tomáš, Rumanová, Natália and Takáčová, Zuzana. (2010). Zelený most na diaľnici D2 – Moravský Sv. Ján pre projekt AKK Basic: Program cezhranič nej spolupráce Slovenská republika – Rakúsko 2007 – 2013. EKOJET, Ltd. Bratislava.
(6) Šembera, Ivan and Modrík, Ľubomír. (2011). Zelený most na diaľnici D2 – Moravský Sv. Ján pre projekt AKK Basic: Program cezhranič nej spolupráce Slovenská republika – Rakúsko 2007 – 2013. EKOJET, Ltd. Bratislava.
(7) European Commission. [no date]. EUROPEAN UNION STRATEGY FOR THE DANUBE REGION AND CARPATHIAN CONVENTION: Synergy paper and Memorandum of cooperation.
(8) Luciani, Giacomo. (2012). The Carpathian Convention and ecological connectivity in the Carpathians. Rio Earth Summit.
(9) Kozova, Maria, Pauditsova, Eva and Hudekova, Zuzana. (2016). RESIN: City Assessment Report Bratislava. Bratislava.
(10) Hajdin, Matej. (2011). V Moravskom Svätom Jáne postavia zelený most ponad diaľnicu D2. Zahori.sk. Bratislava. Retrieved from http://zahori.sk/5927/v-moravskom-svatom-jane-postavia-zeleny-most-ponad-dialnicu-d2/ on 31st October, 2020.
Comments and notes
Additional insights
Further structural insights:
- The rounding of ecoducts at the top meets a radius of 200m, which falls 14% on each side of the highway toward the existing terrain, smoothly connecting to the existing terrain. The external ecoduct sources slope up to 20%.
- Headroom height is 5.20m-0.15m.
- Ecoducts' length are 150m.
- Width of passage for animals is 80m.
- Bridge frame is 2x19.2m (with an inside opening width of 18.45 meters).
- The bridge length is 37.5m. The length of the bridge including its wing is 58.0m.
- The width of the structure measured at the top is 86.2m.
Further ecological insights...
- Soil to cover ecoducts should contain at least 50% of the earth under the leadership of PPF (arable land, land of meadows and pasture).
- Surface soil is spread with a thickness of 15 cm evenly across the board.
- The soil is fertilized forestry substrate at a rate of 10 L / m 2 a granular NPK fertilizer at a rate of 25g/m second.
- Sowing grass seed is done at 3-7 g per 1 m second.
- Tree types are designed on the basis of a dendrological survey based on the expected site conditions and demands of the proposed plant species, which are preferred in the catchment area tree species.
- After planting plants, bushes are placed at a rate of 5 l per hatched bush and 10 l with trees. Vegetation must not endanger the stability of the ecoducts' bodies due to their height and weight, and must therefore apply roof plants. Trees of increased mass will be planted outside the body of the ecoducts. The following are the planted species:
Acer campestre - maple
Acer platanoides - Norway maple
Corylus avellana - hazel
Cornus mas - Cornus mas
Crataegus laevigata - common hawthorn
Lonicera xylosteum - honeysuckle common
Ligustrum vulgare - privet
Prunus spinosa - blackthorn plum
Rosa Canina - rosehip
Rosa rugosa - rose vráskavolistá
Swida sanguinea - Svíb bloody
Viburnum lantana- Kalina siripútková
Viburnum opulus - Kalina ordinary
Softwoods:
Pinus sylvestris - Softwoods pine forest - shrubs
Juniperus communis - juniper
Deciduous trees:
Acer campestre - maple
Acer platanoides - Norway maple
Betula pendula - birch ordinary (5, 6)

Public Images
Image
Green Bridge On Highway D2 Moravian Sv. John (3)
Green Bridge On Highway D2 Moravian Sv. John (3)
Source: Ref. 3