1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Edinburgh
Region
Europe
Short description of the intervention
A landscape scheme had laid out around the Scottish Parliament building and structures were turfed and covered in grass. The landscaping softens the concrete canopies with wildflower meadows, rooftop gardens, ponds, plants, flowers etc. 2 distinct types of green roofs are present at the Parliament - wildflower meadow grass canopies and roof gardens. The Parliament is built on a brownfield site and it has increased the biodiversity of the site. A number of rare and native grasses were planted in the parliament’s open spaces. (ref 1)
Address

Scottish Parliament
Edinburgh
EH99 1SP
United Kingdom

Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
1997
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
1999
End date of the intervention
2004
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
1. To support Enric Miralles's (main architect) vision to achieve 'harmony between the Scottish landscape, its people, culture, and the city of Edinburgh'.
2. to support the natural biodiversity of the area.
3. to echo the natural landscape and geology of Holyrood Park.
4. to protect and restore the indigenous species of plants by planting them.
5. make the area accessible to the general public.
6. to contribute to achieving the national sustainability targets. (ref 1)
Quantitative targets
1. Under the "Honey bees at the Scottish Parliament" project - creation and maintenance of 12 beehives (ref 1, 3)
Monitoring indicators defined
unknown
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Implementation activities
1. Roof areas are covered in turf and wild grass. 2. Scottish wildflowers and plants planted to complement the nearby Holyrood Park and Salisbury Crags. 3. The Parliament is running a bee project "Honey bees at the Scottish Parliament". The specified implementation activities included the use of wild grasses and trees already found in the area as well as trees representing those found across Scotland. A large area of the grounds has been raised up and planted with indigenous Scottish wildflowers, shrubs, wild grasses and trees. The wildflower meadows have been designed to contrast with the cut turf lawns and feature plants such a sticky catchfly, dropwort and meadow cranesbill. In addition, a large number of yellow rattle seeds was planted. The wildflower meadows were designed to contrast with the cut turf lawns and Miralles chose to re-introduced flowers such as 'Sticky Catchfly', 'Dropwort' and 'Meadow Crane's-bill' into the meadows. The oak and lime trees in the landscaped area were designed to mirror those in the perimeter of Holyrood Palace. In addition, Rowan trees, traditionally seen as a symbol of good luck, have been planted in various locations around the parliament. A solitary tree has been planted close to the public entrance. There are three water features, in front of the oak and concrete façade of the main entrance. The ponds were designed to reflect the lochans in Holyrood Park and to mark the entrance to the building. At the end of the Canongate Wall, there is a gap which opens to a small rooftop garden nestled behind the 'Mackintosh' style railings. At the foot of the garden is a single Rowan Tree. The garden and the tree were designed to allow the landscaping and the park to break through to the Canongate.(ref 1, 3)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Nature on buildings (external)
Green roofs
Other
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Institutional green space
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Please specify "other external building green"
Beehives
Please specify other type of green roof
Unknown
Type of Green Roof
Vegetation Type
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Beehives
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Raw materials
Regulating services
Pollination
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Inspiration for culture, art and design
Mental and physical health and wellbeing
Scale
Spatial scale
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
A landscape scheme has been laid out around the Parliament building by the Scottish National Government. The leading architecture was Enric Miralles (ref 1).
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
National government
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
1. The Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004, 2. The Wildlife and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2011 (ref 4)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
No
Co-financing governance arrangements
No
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
Total cost
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Unknown
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
No
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
green infrastructure and landscaping to promote biodiversity at the site. (ref 1)
Wildflower meadow green roofs were installed (reference 2)
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
1. The project has shown to increase the biodiversity of the area by planting wildflowers. This was done by collaborating with the Royal Botanic garden of Edinburgh.
2. Rowan trees were planted on the site to help protect the species.
3. The place has 11 onsite beehives. They help in enhancing pollination
4. The project helped to promote naturalistic landscape development by connecting the mountain area with the city.
5. It also helped in restoring the indigenous species. (Ref 1, 3)
Description of economic benefits
1. Income from selling honey produced on-site. The beehives produce between 80lbs to 120lbs of honey each autumn which is bottled and sold in the Scottish Parliament gift shop.
2. The beeswax (which is a bi-product of beekeeping has been used to fill the Great Seal of Scotland and seal every act of the Scottish Parliament since its inception – over 200 in number.
Description of social and cultural benefits
1. The area, with its walkways and cycle routes, is very much an open and accessible public space. 2. The biodiversity-rich area also serves as a pleasure to the users of the place and 3. The intervention protects the natural landscape of the area. (ref 1, 2, 3)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Number of indigenous species increased and protected, number of beehives, amount of honey production (ref 1, 2, 3, 4)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of August, 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Please specify other modes of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
List of references
1. Scottish Parliament. nd. Parliamentary Buildings: Landscaping. Available at: http://www.parliament.scot/visitandlearn/15914.aspx. Accessed on 23rd August, 2020.
2. Fraser, K. 2017. Green roofs at the Scottish Parliament building. Paisea, vol 025. Available at: http://www.paisea.com/en/2017/02/article-04-025/. Accessed on 23rd August, 2020.
3. Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body. 2016. Environmental and Sustainability Annual Report 2015|2016. Available at: https://www.parliament.scot/FMResources/SP_environmental_AR__15-16_-_DP.pdf. Accessed on 23rd August, 2020.
4. The Scottish Parliament. Architectural landscape and wildlife at the Scottish Parliament. Available at: https://www.parliament.scot/SPICeResources/SP_landscape_sign_revised.pdf. Accessed on 23rd August, 2020.
5. The Scottish Parliament (2019) Scottish Parliament Biodiversity Statement 2018–2021. 1st Edition. Available at: https://www.parliament.scot/FMResources/WebVersion_BiodiversityStatement_April_2019.pdf. Accessed on 23rd August, 2020.
Comments and notes
Comments
1. The building aimed to achieve a poetic union between the Scottish landscape, its people, its culture, and the city of Edinburgh based n a celebrated architects vision (Enric Miralles). AS it cannot be counted as an enabler, hence excluded.
2. IMPORTANT Please note: website of intervention is http://www.parliament.scot/visitandlearn/15914.aspx. it is not being accepted by the database hence, So no text was entered for guidance to the main webpage.
Public Images
Image
Landscaping and Green Roofs at the Scottish Parliament (2014)
Landscaping and Green Roofs at the Scottish Parliament (2014)
The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body, retrieved 08/18/2018 from Andrew Cowan
Image
Landscaping and Green Roofs at the Scottish Parliament (2017)
Landscaping and Green Roofs at the Scottish Parliament (2017)
The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body, retrieved 08/18/2018 from Andrew Cowan
Image
Landscaping and Green Roofs at the Scottish Parliament (2018)
Landscaping and Green Roofs at the Scottish Parliament (2018)
The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body, retrieved 08/18/2018 from Andrew Cowan