1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Lisboa (FUA)
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Casa de Lisboa com jardins verticais
Short description of the intervention
The vertical gardens were installed on a property whose two street-facing facades are almost entirely covered with layered greenery. The building is a mini-lung and an example of sustainability for the city, keeping the principles of a living habitat and a relationship with the outside, assuming a revitalizing urban role. Its walls are completely covered with vegetation, creating a vertical garden, with around 4500 plants. (ref.3, 1)The architect who designed the property was originally commissioned to transform an old building but serious structural problems meant the building had to be demolished, and with the chance to start from scratch, considerations for a more radical design began. (1)
Address

Travessa do Patrocínio, junto a Campo de Ourique
Lisbon
Portugal

Total area
248.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2008
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2009
End date of the intervention
2012
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
1) Provide an example of sustainability housing for the city of Lisbon, keeping the principles of a living environment and a relationship with the outside, assuming a revitalizing urban role. (ref.3)
2) Create a vertical garden with low levels of water consumption as well as little gardening challenges. (ref.3)
3) Include plants that would thrive in the Lisbon climate, which meant plants native to Portugal (ref.1)
4) Choose plants that stay green throughout the year and insulate the property, making it cooler than a conventional house in summer (ref.1)
From a climatic point of view, a number of positive aspects can be pointed out: this green façade absorbs CO2 (thus helping to reduce CO2 levels), improves air quality, and works as a natural layer of insulation for both temperature and noise. (4)
Quantitative targets
Vertical garden, filled with about 4,500 plants of 25 different Iberian and Mediterranean varieties.
Area of 100 square meters (ref.3)
Monitoring indicators defined
Total area of vegetation cover. (ref.3)
Number of plants selected.(ref.3)
Climate change adaptation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
Climate change mitigation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Implementation activities
Search for plants that would thrive in the Lisbon climate, which meant plants native to Portugal.
Like other vertical gardens, this one is built by layering the plants over an acrylic layer that channels a nutrient-rich solution of water to their roots. (ref.1)
The vertical garden helps the building thermally. There are solar panels above the elevators for water heating, and the very concept of architecture also makes it sustainable, as it brings nature into the centre of the city.
The vertical green facades act as a mini lung and an example of sustainability for the city of Lisbon, increasing the green space in an innovative way by implementing it in a building. (3)
Type of NBS project
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Nature on buildings (external)
Green walls or facades
Balcony greens
Green areas for water management
Other
Please specify "other green areas for water management"
The base of the system is hydroponic, a water drip system controlled by several sections. In those that are most exposed to the Sun, watering is done more times a day. In areas less exposed to the sun, watering is less. (ref.3)
What is the level of innovation / development of the NBS related to water management?
Vegetation Type
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Local climate regulation (temperature reduction)
Air quality regulation
Noise reduction
Carbon storage/sequestration
Flood regulation
Other
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Inspiration for culture, art and design
Recreation
Please specify "other regulating service"
Indoor temperature regulation
Scale
Spatial scale
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Non-government actors
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Citizens or community groups
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The owner of the house and the firm of architects Rebelo de Andrade.
Arquitects involved - Luís Rebelo de Andrade, Tiago Rebelo de Andrade
Promotors-BWA - Buildings With Arts
Contractors-Construoeiras (ref.3)
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Citizens or community group
Land owners
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Please specify other type of voluntary intervention
Voluntary refurbishing of a private property
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify other vegetation type
4500 plants
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
The construction cost of the garden, which covers approximately 100 square meters of facade, or 1,076 square feet, was around €400 per square meter, or about $42.40 per square foot. This compares with a cost of about €100 per square meter for a stone facade.
Source(s) of funding
Please specify other source of funding
Private investment
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Business models
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Please specify technological innovation
BWA says that this construction is a unique project in Portugal and the first housing building with vertical gardens covering its facades. (ref.2) This project is a mini lung and an example of sustainability for the city of Lisbon, keeping the principles of a living typical habitat and a relationship with the outside, assuming a revitalizing urban role. (3)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The architect had already incorporated a small vertical garden into a hotel he had designed in northern Portugal, but this project would involve a much larger green space.
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Environmental impacts
Description of environmental benefits
Since this was a private project, benefits and impacts were not reported publicly.
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Since this was a private project, benefits and impacts were not reported publicly. Sources, however, suggest that at the basis of implementing the NBS, the owner sought to increase the value of the building by making it environmentally friendly. It was the only property in Lisbon in 2013 that had green walls. For comparison purposes, the price of the property (with the NBS included) was 1.5 mil EUR in 2013. (2) Since then the housing market in Portugal rose yearly.
Social and cultural impacts
Description of social and cultural benefits
Since this was a private project, benefits and impacts were not reported publicly.
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Unknown
Environmental, social and economic impacts
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of July 2020.
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
(1) NY Times (2016), A Lisbon Home With a Vertical Garden, Available at https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/15/realestate/a-lisbon-home-with-a-vertical-garden.html (Accessed 21-6-2020)
(2) Green Savers (2013), A inacreditável moradia com jardim vertical em Lisboa, Available at https://greensavers.sapo.pt/a-inacreditavel-moradia-com-jardim-vertical-em-lisboa-com-video/ (Accessed 21-6-2020)
(3) Rebelo de Andrade (no date), House in Travessa do Patrocínio , Available at https://www.rebelodeandrade.com/en/projects/house-in-travessa-do-patrocinio_13 (Accessed 21-6-2020)

(4) Reynaers (no date), Bio-inspired Private House, Available at https://www.reynaers.com/en/get-inspired/aluminium-project-references/bio-inspired-private-house, (Accessed 26-7-2020)
Comments and notes