1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Porto
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Parque Urbano da Pasteleira
Short description of the intervention
The Urban Park of Pasteleira is a public park located in the parish of Lordelo do Ouro, in the city of Porto. The park extends over an extensive area (7 hectares) of forest, divided into two plots by the street of Afonso de Paiva. The forest, an example that remains of the natural vegetation of the Porto area, consists essentially of wild pines and cork oaks, and enrichment of vegetation by the planting of trees and shrubs of Portuguese flora and exotic species. It was designed in 2004 and completed in 2009 (1).
Address

Parque da Pasteleira, R. de Diogo Botelho,
4150-124 Porto
Portugal

Total area
70000.00m²
NBS area
70000.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
unknown
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2004
End date of the intervention
2009
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
1. Improving the overall quality of urban life;
2. Strengthening the community;
3. An urban oasis: nature in the city;
4. Reducing stress and promoting relaxation ;
5. Increasing economy and property value;
6. Promoting creativity;
7. The ecological value of open space is incredibly important for urban environments. For every piece of land that is safeguarded from development, different species of plants and animals are allowed to prosper, as well as lend a hand in the mitigation of air pollution. The more green space, the better: green corridors connect life. (2)
Quantitative targets
1. Re-converse 7ha of a former green space Mata (unmanaged forest) of Pasteleira into a park;
2. Protect important tree species: the wild pine trees and cork trees are among the last large surfaces of natural vegetation in the Porto area.
3. Erect an Environmental Education Center and a bike path close to 2km long;
4. Serve a population of app 22000 people (3);
5. Maintain the 79% of the permeability index, the 87% plant cover and 2,6% of water surface (5).
Monitoring indicators defined
1. Size of green area that needs reconversion
2. Number of people benefiting from this intervention (3)
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
Parque da Pasteleira is a relatively new park, designed by landscape architect Marisa Lavrador and completed in 2009. The park looks like two separate green spaces but is actually one that’s connected by three footbridges over Rua de Afonso Paiva. It has some great features: a meandering pond with ducks and a population of Egyptian geese, a paved cycling path, a little sculpture park, and more playgrounds than the average park. They probably weren’t part of the original plans, but there’s also a bunch of resident chickens cohabiting with at least one resident cat. (4)
Type of NBS project
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown number of trees
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Other
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Tourism
Recreation
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Social and community interactions
Please specify "other regulating service"
Soil amelioration
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
This is an NBS initiated and implemented by the Municipality of Porto who aimed at revamping a former green area and transform it into a park. For that matter, the works were assigned to the architect Marisa Lavrador. (2)
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Citizens or community group
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
This NBS is part of a plan initiated by the Municipality of Porto to revamp an area called Mata da Perreira. As such the municipality organized a contest won by the architect Marisa Lavrador who in 2004 started to design the area (3)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
IN 2011 the University of Porto included the NBS in a study presented in series of open lectures. The name of the study is "Morphology and biodiversity of public green spaces in the city of Porto _ the landscape of life in territories of urban recomposition". (6) A 2nd edition was published in 2014.
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
Total cost
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Unknown
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Business models
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Please specify technological innovation
This NBS is a product innovation since its revamping emphasized on the fact that its outline and green structure organization is dominantly naturalistic emphasized by the pre-existing maritime pine woodland spotted with cork oaks (Pinus pinaster and Quercus suber). (5)
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
The Municipality of Porto, the one that implemented the NBS, has not published any reports. However, on the website of the municipality, there is a reference to a study done in 2011 (and renewed in 2014) by a group of researchers from the University of Porto. This study discusses the green area of Porto and notices that after the 2009 implementation the following impacts (regarding the soil) have been achieved: 82% of permeability, 87% vegetation cover and 2.6% water level. The study also emphasizes that the NBS has preserved the forest of wild pines (Pinus pinaster) and cork oaks (Quercus suber) that existed on the site and that is currently the last reminiscence of the once immense pine forests of Foz. (6)
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Description of social and cultural benefits
The municipality have published no final reports regarding the implementation of the NBS. This being said, it is worth mentioning that when the NBS was implemented the authorities were expecting an increase in activities in the area since they implemented a bike path and playgrounds. On the website of the municipality, it was mentioned that the NBS is significant in the sense that through it children are environmentally educated. For example, school teachers organize trips to the park, and here students can plant trees. In Porto, students who planted the ash trees and who attend the activities of the Environmental Education Center of Parque da Pasteleira will now follow the development of the tree in all their visits to the Park. (7)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Unknown
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of July 2020.
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Please specify other modes of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Citizens provide their evaluation and opinions on the work developed on the park by publishing online reviews on the TripAdvisor website (https://www.tripadvisor.com/Attraction_Review-g189180-d8381264-Reviews-Parque_Urbano_da_Pasteleira-Porto_Porto_District_Northern_Portugal.html)
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. Porto's Municipality (no date), Parque da Pasteleira, Available at https://www.cm-porto.pt/jardins-e-parques/parque-da-pasteleira-_2 (Accessed 22-6-2020)

2.The Trust for Public Land (2014), The Economic Benefits of San Francisco’s

Park and Recreation System, Available at https://www.sfparksalliance.org/sites/default/files/SF%20EBR_TPL_SFPA.pdf (Accessed 22-6-2020)

3. Hello Guide Oporto (no date), Pasteleira Urban Park, Available at http://www.helloguideoporto.com/en/places-to-see/gardens-parks/pasteleira-urban-park (Accessed 30-7-2020)

4. Gail at Large (2016), PORTO’S PARQUE DA PASTELEIRA, Available at https://gailatlarge.com/blog/2016/05/31/44250, (Accessed 22-6-2020)

5. Fernandes, C. et al (2013), Green space typologies in the city of Porto, Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294871424_Green_Space_Typologies_in_the_City_of_Porto_-_Portugal_Identifying_nodes_and_links_for_greenway_planning (Accessed 22-6-2020)

6.Farinha-Marques, P. et al, (2014), Morfologia e Biodiversidade nos Espaços Verdes da Cidade do Porto - Livro 1: Selecção das áreas de estudo - 2ª Edição, revista e aumentada, Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294871458_Morfologia_e_Biodiversidade_nos_Espacos_Verdes_da_Cidade_do_Porto_-_Livro_1_Seleccao_das_areas_de_estudo_-_2_Edicao_revista_e_aumentada, (Accessed 30-7-2020)

7.Municipality of Porto (2017), Clone of the centennial tree of Freixo de Espada à Cinta was planted in Pasteleira, Available at http://www.porto.pt/noticias/clone-da-arvore-centenaria-de-freixo-de-espada-a-cinta-foi-plantado-na-pasteleira, (Accessed 30-7-2020)
Interview comments
Since it was impossible to find any monitoring online data or if the NBS was part of a larger project I already sent an e-mail both to the Municipality of Porto as well as to the architect.

As of 15th of August 2017, I have received no message for my questions.

Note from 30.07.2020: The municipality has not published any reports regarding the NBS. Data is scare on the website of the institution.
Comments and notes
Public Images
Image
Pasteleira Urban Park
Pasteleira Urban Park
Divisão Municipal Parques Urbanos, retrieved 08/28/2018 from Sidónio Manuel Moreira de Sousa
Image
Pasteleira Urban Park
Pasteleira Urban Park
Divisão Municipal Parques Urbanos, retrieved 08/28/2018 from Sidónio Manuel Moreira de Sousa