1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Sevilla (FUA)
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Parque del Guadaira
Short description of the intervention
A recovered green area next to the Guadaira river, it opened as a park in 2014 (Ref 6). In its planning it reconciles the historical use of the river to power the historic mill and its new use as a green corridor on the Eastern part of the city. Its large dimension allows it to fulfill the quadruple ecological, landscape, leisure, and non-motorized mobility dimensions. (Ref 4,5,6). The park was officially inaugurated but it continues to face challenges. In 2007 the economic crisis led to construction being stopped and the budget of the park cut from 23.8 million euro. Construction was started and the budget re-established at 17.2 million in 2011. (Ref 5)
Address

Parque Guadaira, E-5, 269
41006 Sevilla
Spain

Location
The NBS is situated in an area, with clear delineation of boundaries and a specific shape (polygon). The NBS project can also have more than one area location (more than one polygon, situated close by).
Area boundary
POINT (-5.959042 37.360829)
POINT (-5.963377 37.354689)
POINT (-5.98889 37.350485)
POINT (-5.988911 37.346527)
POINT (-5.98992 37.347875)
POINT (-5.988793 37.354877)
POINT (-5.98889 37.351598)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
Ref. 1
Total area
600000.00m²
NBS area
600000.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Previous derelict area
Website of the intervention
https://plataformaparqueguadaira.wordpress.com/
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2007
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2011
End date of the intervention
2013
Present stage of the intervention
Ongoing
Please specify "other" stage of the intervention
The park was officially inaugurated but it continues to face challenges:
In 2007 the economic crisis led to construction being stopped and the budget of the park cut from 23.8 million euro. Construction was started and the budget re-established at 17.2 million in 2011, with the first phase of lighting (for nocturnal use) only having been installed in January 2016. (Ref 5)
Goals of the intervention
To rehabilitate the green space around the neglected Guadaira stream; (Ref 4)
To create an area of non-motorized urban mobility; (Ref 4)
To create a space of leisure for the residents of adjacent neighborhoods; (Ref 4)
To be a space of social integration and meeting place to combat stigmas. (Ref 4,6)
plans were created with specific urban mobility concerns through the inclusion of a pedestrian walkway, a bike lane, and the inclusion of leisurely spaces and orchards. (8)
Quantitative targets
131 hectares of green area (Ref 5)
construction of a cycle lane, 3 800 meters long (Ref 4)
3 145 pedestrian paths (Ref 4)
40 171 new shrubs (Ref 4)
59 413 new plants (Ref 4)
2 300 new trees (Ref 4)
258 508 m2 of reforested area (Ref 4)
connect the five surrounding neighborhoods previously disconnected. (Poligono Sur, Los Bermejales, Heliopolis, Pedro Salvador and Elcano. (Ref. 4,6)
Monitoring indicators defined
number of trees and greenery planted (Ref 4)
avoidance of flooding through infrastructure (Ref 9)
ground use and design (Ref 4)
increase in access to river banks (Ref 4,9)
increase in access to green urban areas (Ref 4,9)
hectares of green area (Ref 5)
number of pedestrian paths (Ref 4)
Sustainability challenge(s) addressed
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Habitat and biodiversity restoration
Green space creation and/or management
Regeneration, land-use and urban development
Promote natural styles of landscape design for urban development
Water management (SDG 6)
Flood protection
Cultural heritage and cultural diversity
Protection of historic and cultural landscape/infrastructure
Health and well-being (SDG 3)
Creation of opportunities for recreation
Inclusive and effective governance (SDG 16)
Inclusive governance
Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
Social justice and equity
Social interaction
Please specify "other Habitats and biodiversity restoration activity"
construction of a cycle lane, 3 800 meters long (Ref 4)
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Species-focused
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Rehabilitate and restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems
Restore species (native, endangered, or unspecified)
Restore ecological connectivity
Other
Implementation activities
The first works in the park were the rehabilitation as a green space of the Parque Riberas del Guadaira (the area that used to border the river) from 2007 to 2010. (Ref 5)
In 2007 the economic crisis led to construction being stopped and the budget of the park cut from 23.8 million euro. (Ref 5)
Construction was started and the budget re-established at 17.2 million in 2011, with the first phase of lighting (for nocturnal use) only having been installed in January 2016. (Ref 5)
In March 2016, a follow-up citizen committee was created for the development of the park. (Ref 5)

Design:
Space unites different urban areas (Ref 3)
Space for practice of sports and leisure (Ref 3)
Space for dogs to play (Ref 3)
Playground area (Ref 3)
Type of NBS project
Creation of new green areas
Maintenance and management of urban nature
Transformation of previously derelict areas
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Blue infrastructure
Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries
Community gardens and allotments
Horticulture
Green areas for water management
Other
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Riverbank/Lakeside greens
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Green corridors and green belts
Please specify "other allotments and community gardens"
orchards. (8)
Please specify "other green areas for water management"
historic mill (Ref 4,5, 6)
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
Unknownw
What is the level of innovation / development of the NBS related to water management?
Unknown
Vegetation Type
Grass
Shrubs
Trees
Flower beds
Please specify how many trees were planted
2 300 trees (Ref 4)
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Facilities for leisure and recreation (Ref 4)
Space for dogs to play (Ref 3)
first phase of lighting (for nocturnal use) only having been installed in January 2016. (Ref 5)
plans were created with specific urban mobility concerns through the inclusion of a pedestrian walkway, a bike lane (8)
Amenities offered by the NBS
Playgrounds
Sports areas and equipment
Other
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Water (surface and ground water for drinking and non-drinking purposes)
Regulating services
Flood regulation
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Mental and physical health and wellbeing
Spiritual and / or emblematic (symbolic, sacred and / or religious)
Social and community interactions
Other
Please specify "other cultural service"
Social aspect of shared space seen as a main feature and service of the park. (6); space of social integration and meeting place to combat stigmas. (Ref 4,6)
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Local government/Municipality
Citizens or community groups
Other
Please specify "other primary beneficiary"
dogs (Ref 3) ; non-motorized urban mobility; (Ref 4); the Guadaira stream; (Ref 4)
Governance
Governance arrangements
Government-led
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
La Confederación Hidrográfica del Guadalquivir (CHG) (regional body), in charge of the planning work. (Ref 5,6)
The city of Sevilla, funds and planning. (Ref 4,7)
European Union, funding (FEDER Funds). (Ref 4)
Neighborhood councils, planning and communication with city. (Ref 5,6)
Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira (citizen group), (Ref 5)
Various companies (Trauxia SA, Arpo) awarded different work streams (e.g. fixing landfill plot, lengthening bike lane, conditioning plot adjacent to park) (Ref 6)
Key actors - initiating organization
Local government/municipality
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Regional government
Local government/municipality
District/neighbourhood association
Citizens or community group
Private sector/corporate actor/company
EU body
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Dissemination of information and education
Citizen oversight (e.g. boards, advisory)
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
General Urban Organization Plan of Sevilla (2005), this is the city's plan for future projects and strategies to improve the urban fabric (ref 2)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Spatial planning guidance
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
General Urban Organization Plan of Sevilla (2005), this is the city's plan for future projects and strategies to improve the urban fabric . (ref 2)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
General municipal plan
Urban redevelopment plan
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The Analysis of Environmental Impact of the Guadaira park was conducted to analyze the different impacts that the intervention would have on its surrounding ground, vegetation and water systems. (ref 9)
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The Hydrographic Confederation of the Guadalquivir will contribute 75% of the investment through ERDF and the remaining 25% will be contributed by the Town Planning Department of Seville. (ref 7)
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Yes
Co-governance arrangement
Other
Please specify other co-financing type
The Hydrographic Confederation of the Guadalquivir will contribute 75% of the investment through ERDF and the remaining 25% will be contributed by the Town Planning Department of Seville. (ref 7)
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Set up specifically for this NBS
Financing
Total cost
More than €4,000,000
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
23 000 000 (Ref 7)
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
23 million euro. 75% of the investment is financed through ERDF Funds and the remaining 25% will be contributed by the Town Planning Department of Seville. (ref 7)
Source(s) of funding
Public local authority budget
EU funds
Type of fund(s) used
Earmarked public budget
Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Please specify other Business model
Urban Regeneration (Ref 4)
Business models
Vacant space model
Other
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Public actor (e.g. municipality)
Type of innovation
Technological
Infrastructural innovation
Please specify technological innovation
The park's role in connecting these different neighborhoods to each other and to the main city is presented as an infrastructural point of innovation. (5)
Novelty level of the innovation
Ambiguous (e.g. multiple interpretations)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The creation of the park had as its main concern the transformation and rehabilitation of the land space in order to improve social relations. For this the plans were created with specific urban mobility concerns through the inclusion of a pedestrian walkway, a bike lane, and the inclusion of leisurely spaces and orchards. (8)
Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Environmental impacts
Water management and blue areas
Increased protection against flooding
Green space and habitat
Increased green space area
Restoration of derelict areas
Description of environmental benefits
Expected Impacts:
- Creation of Green Space: 131 hectares of green area/ 258 508 m2 of reforested area (Ref 4)
- Avoidance of flooding through infrastructure: conditioning of the river banks that are part of the park (Ref 9)

achieved:
-The Analysis of Environmental Impact of the Guadaira park was conducted to analyze the different impacts that the intervention would have on its surrounding ground, vegetation and water systems. (ref 9)
Economic impacts
Unknown
Please specify other socio-cultural impact
- Inclusive governance: during construction citizen groups put pressure on the government for transparency, and intervened in the planning such as the Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira, to make sure that the park's construction would result in a shared space with the necessary equipment. (Ref 5)
The park has faced several challenges, primarily due to financial limitations, unfinished works and poor maintenance. It was mentioned that the water pools created to retain natural water were not maintained and are now dry and filled with stones (Ref 1).

Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Social and cultural impacts
Social justice and cohesion
Improved social cohesion
Improved access to urban green space
Increased opportunities for social interaction
Increased involvement of locals in the management of green spaces
Health and wellbeing
Gain in activities for recreation and exercise
Other
Please specify other environmental justice issue
The park has faced several challenges, primarily due to financial limitations, unfinished works and poor maintenance. It was mentioned that the water pools created to retain natural water were not maintained and are now dry and filled with stones (Ref 1).
Description of social and cultural benefits
Expected Impacts:
- Social integration among residents of adjacent neighborhoods (Ref 4,6)

Achieved Impacts:
- Recreational Space: walks, runs, cycling (Ref 4)
- Increase in access to river banks and green urban areas: connect the five surrounding neighborhoods previously disconnected (Ref 4,9)
- Inclusive governance: during construction citizen groups put pressure on the government for transparency, and intervened in the planning such as the Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira, to make sure that the park's construction would result in a shared space with the necessary equipment. (Ref 5)
-plans were created with specific urban mobility concerns through the inclusion of a pedestrian walkway, a bike lane, and the inclusion of leisurely spaces and orchards. (8)
Type of reported impacts
Expected impacts
Achieved impacts
Indicators
number of trees and greenery planted: 131 hectares of green area/ 258 508 m2 of reforested area, (green space, environment quality, regeneration)
avoidance of flooding through infrastructure: conditioning of the river banks that are part of the park, (water management)
ground use and design: 131 hectares of green area, construction of a cycle lane, 3 800 meters long, (regeneration, health and well-being)
increase in access to river banks and green urban areas: connect the five surrounding neighborhoods previously disconnected. (Poligono Sur, Los Bermejales, Heliopolis, Pedro Salvador and Elcano. (social cohesion, inclusive governance, cultural diversity)
(ref 8 and 9)
Environmental, social and economic impacts
Cultural heritage and cultural diversity
Environmental quality
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Health and well-being (SDG 3)
Inclusive and effective governance (SDG 16)
Regeneration, land-use and urban development
Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
Water management (SDG 6)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
No information available
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Improved access to green and/or blue spaces
Other
Please specify other method used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
- Inclusive governance: during construction citizen groups put pressure on the government for transparency, and intervened in the planning such as the Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira, to make sure that the park's construction would result in a shared space with the necessary equipment. (Ref 5)
The Analysis of Environmental Impact of the Guadaira park was conducted to analyze the different impacts that the intervention would have on its surrounding ground, vegetation and water systems. (ref 9)
-Citizens invited to see exhibition about the new Urban Organizational Plan and share impression and suggestions about its contents and how to proceed. (ref 2)

Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
Yes
What problem or concern was identified with the implementation of the NBS?
Financing problems (e.g. higher investment or maintenance costs)
Dissatisfaction of locals due to lack of stakeholder involvement
Please specify the negative impacts
The park has faced several challenges, primarily due to financial limitations, unfinished works and poor maintenance. It was mentioned that the water pools created to retain natural water were not maintained and are now dry and filled with stones (Ref 1).

During construction citizen groups put pressure on the government for transparency, and intervened in the planning such as the Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira, to make sure that the park's construction would result in a shared space with the necessary equipment. (Ref 1)
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of 28 September 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Conduct a baseline survey before and after NBS implementation
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Measurements of biophysical aspects of the NBS (e.g. temperature, water flow)
Other
Unknown
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
Yes
Link to monitoring/evaluation reports
http://primerasjornadas.aguapaisajeyciudadania.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2…
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown; The Analysis of Environmental Impact of the Guadaira park was conducted to analyze the different impacts that the intervention would have on its surrounding ground, vegetation and water systems. (ref 9)
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Focus Group
Other
Please specify other modes of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Citizens invited to see exhibition about the new Urban Organizational Plan and share impression and suggestions about its contents and how to proceed. (ref 2)
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Yes
Please specify
Citizen action and blog articles have been published as follow-up to the performed actions of the intervention in order to monitor and present what has been done and what is still missing from the intervention. This way elements that had been presented in the original plan are highlighted when missing. Thus, citizens are taking initiative to analyze what has been done so far and continuously evaluate the intervention. (ref 3, 5, 6)
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Yes
Please specify
The Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira created a list of recommendations and actions to improve the park, published in the March 2017 report. (Ref 1)
References
Web links relevant to the intervention
Asociacion parque Vivo del Guadaira
Ref. 3 Parque antiguo cauce río Guadaíra. Sevilla. Análisis crítico. RBB. 2015-…
Ref. 5 Parque del Gudaira
Ref. 6 El Parque Guadaíra se abre al público con flecos
Parque Guadaíra, el nuevo "pulmón verde" de Sevilla
Documents relevant to the intervention
Attachment Size
Ref. 4,8 (4.13 MB) 4.13 MB
Ref. 5 (514.89 KB) 514.89 KB
Ref. 9 (861.72 KB) 861.72 KB
Ref. 7 (1.1 MB) 1.1 MB
List of references
1. Asociacion Parque Vivo Del Gudaira. (2014, February 11). Cartografía del parque. Available at: https://plataformaparqueguadaira.wordpress.com/cartografia-del-parque/ [Accessed: 28 September 2020].
2. Ayuntamiento de Sevilla. (2005, July 14). Nuevo Plan General de ordenacion Urbanistica. Ayuntamiento de Sevilla. [Not available in 2020].
3. Baron, R. (2015). Parque antiguo cauce río Guadaíra. Sevilla. Análisis crítico. RBB. 2015-2016. Available at: http://jardineriaypaisajismo.es/2015/10/19/parque-antiguo-cauce-rio-guadaira-sevilla-analisis-critico-rbb-2015-2016/ [Accessed: 28 September 2020].
4. Confederacion Hydrografica del Guadalquivir. (n.d.). Parque Rio Guadaira: El Parque que nos une. Confederacion Hydrografica del Guadalquivir. [Document provided].
5. Fajardo de la Fuente, A. (2017, March 22). Parque del Guadaira: de espacio abandonado a corredor verde. Incidencia del empoderamiento ciudadano en su proceso de construccion. Ciclo Agua, Paisaje y Ciudadania. [Document provided].
6. Diario de Sevilla (2014). El Parque Guadaíra se abre al público con flecos. Available at: http://www.diariodesevilla.es/sevilla/Parque-Guadaira-abre-publico-flecos_0_805719647.html [Accessed: 28 September 2020].
7. Confederacion Hidrográfica del Guadalquivir. (2006). PROYECTO DE EJECUCIÓN DEL PARQUE SOBRE EL ANTIGUO CAUCE DEL RÍO GUADAÍRA. T.M. DE SEVILLA. [Document provided].
8. Ayuntamiento de Sevilla. (n.d.) Parque Rio Guadaira: El Parque que nos une. [Document provided].
9. Ayuntamiento de Sevilla. (2004). Analisis Ambiental del Parque Guadaira. [Document provided].
Interview comments
2017 comments:
Awaiting answers to questions via email

2020 comments:
no indication of this contact or a response in 2020.
Comments and notes
Comments
2020 comments:
Ref 4 and Ref 8 are the same

Section 4/ Role of Actors: Government of Spain, support and sponsorship. (Ref Unknown)

Some information from Ref 1 (i.e.,‘the park has faced several challenges, primarily due to financial limitations, unfinished works and poor maintenance. It was mentioned that the water pools created to retain natural water were not maintained and are now dry and filled with stones (1)’) is no longer available on Ref 1 as of 2020
Additional insights
2020 comments:
The park has faced several challenges, primarily due to financial limitations, unfinished works and poor maintenance. It was mentioned that the water pools created to retain natural water were not maintained and are now dry and filled with stones (Ref 1).

During construction citizen groups put pressure on the government for transparency, and intervened in the planning such as the Asociacion Parque Vivo del Guadaira, to make sure that the park's construction would result in a shared space with the necessary equipment. (Ref 1)

This particular intervention is a larger project into which more particular interventions were also developed, such as the rehabilitation of the Guadaira river side and water system.
Pictures of the NBS
/sites/default/files/nbs/images/guadaira.jpg
Public Images
Guadaira Park (2017)
Guadaira Park
Antonio Fajardo de la Fuente (2017), retrieved 07/18/2018 from https://plataformaparqueguadaira.wordpress.com/
Guadaira Park 1
Source: Ref. 3
Guadaira Park 2
Source: Ref. 6, Juan Carlos Munoz
Guadaira Park 3
Source: Ref. 6, Juan Carlos Munoz