1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Alicante/Alacant
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Restauración vegetal del Benacantil
Short description of the intervention
The action proposed by the Municipal Technical Service of Parks and Gardens at the Department of the Environment, aims at the regeneration of the forest with the repopulation of pines of different ages, to imitate a mountain in a natural state with the plantation of the Cartagena Cypress and Tetraclinex articulata, which has a good adaptation to the environment. Several plots (Plots 3, 5, 6, 8 and 12 of the project) have been repopulated with shrubs and trees such as cypress, esparto, rosemary, tomillos, lentiscos, tetraclinex and palmito, in the solana area, deciduous and riparian species, and to other silvicultural treatments, which increases the variety of existing vegetation. (Ref. 1) In addition, the project contemplates the construction of two viewpoints (Ref 1, 3). A new irrigation system is put in place for the re-use of water for sustainable use and water savings. (Ref. 7)
Address

Benacantil Mount, Calle Dean Zaragoza, 7
03002 Alicante
Spain

Total area
0.00m²
NBS area
0.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
unknown
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2017
End date of the intervention
ongoing
Present stage of the intervention
Please specify "other" stage of the intervention
Funds received in December 2016. (Ref. 1)
Goals of the intervention
- To restore the vegetation of the Benacantil Forest (Ref. 4)
- Preservation of the ecological and cultural value of the Benacantil Forest (Ref. 4)
- To make compatible the social use of the forest with its conservation (Ref. 4)
- To encourage hiking and valorization activities in the population through nature appreciation (Ref. 4)
-To introduce nature into the urban landscape:
"is a natural space that plays an important ecological role, but also landscape, since its relief turns it into a formidable viewpoint over the city and introduces nature into the urban landscape." (Ref. 1)
-"the project contemplates the construction of two viewpoints from which one can observe the landscape of the forest" (Ref. 1)
-"The action aims at the artificial regeneration of the forest mass with the repopulation of pines of different ages, to imitate a mountain in a natural state - irregular mass" (Ref. 1)
-Increase of the environmental awareness among the citizens (Ref. 1)
- Water savings from the installation of an irrigation system that will supply the new vegetation (Ref. 7)
Quantitative targets
"several plots (Plots 3, 5, 6, 8 and 12 of the project) have been repopulated with shrubs and trees such as cupressus, esparto, rosemary, tomillos, lentiscos, tetraclinex and palmito, in the solana area, Deciduous and riparian species, and to other silvicultural treatments, which increases the variety of existing vegetation." (Ref. 1)
Monitoring indicators defined
Plots repopulated with shrubs and trees (Ref 1).
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
-"several plots (Plots 3, 5, 6, 8 and 12 of the project) have been repopulated with shrubs and trees such as cupressus, esparto, rosemary, tomillos, lentiscos, tetraclinex and palmito, in the solana area, Deciduous and riparian species, and to other silvicultural treatments, which increases the variety of existing vegetation." (Ref. 1)
-"the runoff area has been corrected by building small stone walls " (Ref.1)
- adaptation of the pedestrian access from Sant Caietà street (Ref. 7)
- reconstruction of walls and improvement of plantations (Ref. 7)
- removal of dry pines and invasive plant species (Ref. 7)
- installation of a protection fence (Ref. 7)
- reconstruction of walls (Ref. 7)
- conditioning of trails, graffiti removal (Ref. 7)
- restoration of canalization for river water conduction (Ref. 7)
- demolition and removal of works debris, plants and materials (Ref. 7)
- signal the access to the Parque de la Ereta and the Wall that surrounds the complex (Ref. 7)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
- Permanent exhibit about the flora and fauna of the landscape (Ref. 5); interactive guides for the landscape, teaching materials (education), and an online version of the educational signage of the landscape itself (Ref 6); - adaptation of the pedestrian access from Sant Caietà street (Ref. 7); - installation of a protection fence (Ref. 7);- signal the access to the Parque de la Ereta and the Wall that surrounds the complex (Ref. 7)
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Carbon storage/sequestration
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Tourism
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Mental and physical health and wellbeing
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Physical and experiential interactions with plants and animals
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The Alicante municipality is conducting the restoration and improvement of the forest. The civil society and citizens are key stakeholders since they contribute and benefit from the main goals of the project (Ref. 4)
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Citizens or community group
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
"The Department of Environment has undertaken the Phase I of the Plan for Restoration of Mount Benacantil, within the Plan for Plant Restoration of Urban Forest Areas of Alicante" (Ref. 1)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
"Plan for Plant Restoration of Urban Forest Areas of Alicante" (Ref. 1)
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
The Local Agenda 21 (Ref. 2)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
- removal of dry pines and invasive plant species (Ref. 7)
- restoration of canalization for river water conduction (Ref. 7)
- demolition and removal of works debris, plants and materials (Ref. 7)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
"Repoblautóctona - Asociación Medioambiental de Alicante" a non-profit association based in the city of Alicante with a main objective: to reverse the impact of the human being on the mounts of Alicante. (Ref. 3)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
600 000
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
The total budget seems to be 600 000 euros:
First Phase budget: "Egidillo Viveros Integrales SL - which was awarded the project in December 2016, for € 117,950 (VAT)" (Ref. 1)
Second Phase Project Budget:
"The estimated budget is 485,000 euros and will be financed by sustainable investments." (Ref. 1)
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Please specify other type of fund used
"financed by sustainable investments" (Ref 1)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
"the project contemplates the construction of two viewpoints from which one can observe the landscape of the forest" (Ref. 1)
-"The action aims at the artificial regeneration of the forest mass with the repopulation of pines of different ages, to imitate a mountain in a natural state - irregular mass" (Ref. 1)
Please specify social innovation
Increase of the environmental awareness among the citizens (Ref. 1)
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The association "Asociación medioambiental Repoblautoctona" has done some similar restoration project in the mountains surrounding the city of Alicante previously. (Ref. 3)
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
- Landscape appreciation from population (Ref. 4)
- Restoration and management of the vegetation in the forest (Ref. 4)
- Protection of ecosystems, native vegetation species (Ref. 4)
- Protection of natural resources (Ref. 4)
- Enhanced CO2 sequestration since the forest acts as a "green lung" integrated in the city (Ref. 4)
- Water savings due to the improvement in the irrigation system of the forest (Ref. 4)
- reconstruction of walls and improvement of plantations (Ref. 7)
- pest control: removal of dry pines and invasive plant species (Ref. 7)
- installation of a protection fence (Ref. 7)
- reconstruction of walls (Ref. 7)
- restoration of canalization for river water conduction (Ref. 7)
- demolition and removal of works debris, plants and materials (Ref. 7)
-species restored-"several plots (Plots 3, 5, 6, 8 and 12 of the project) have been repopulated with shrubs and trees such as cupressus, esparto, rosemary, tomillos, lentiscos, tetraclinex and palmito, in the solana area, Deciduous and riparian species, and to other silvicultural treatments, which increases the variety of existing vegetation." (Ref. 1)
-"the runoff area has been corrected by building small stone walls " (Ref.1)
Economic impacts
Please specify other socio-cultural impact
tourism: - It is a natural space that plays an important role at an ecological and landscape level, contemplated within the area called "Castillo de Santa Bárbara" (Ref. 7)
- safety: conditioning of trails, tagging/graffiti removal (gang/nefarious activity symbology removed) (Ref. 7)

Description of economic benefits
- Encouragement of tourism and outdoor activities near the Santa Bárbara Castle located in the park (Ref. 4)
- Relevance for tourism as it is a natural space that plays an important role at an ecological and landscape level, contemplated within the area called "Castillo de Santa Bárbara" (Ref. 7)
Description of social and cultural benefits
- Increased environmental awareness on population (Ref. 4)
- Encouragement of landscape appreciation activities through the introduction of natural spaces in urban settlements (Ref. 4)
- Integration of ecological and cultural value of the area (Ref. 4)
- Encouragement of education and research activities through the specific flora and fauna exhibition in the park (Ref. 5)
- It is a natural space that plays an important role at an ecological and landscape level, contemplated within the area called "Castillo de Santa Bárbara" (Ref. 7)
- adaptation of the pedestrian access from Sant Caietà street (Ref. 7)
- signal the access to the Parque de la Ereta and the Wall that surrounds the complex (Ref. 7)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
qualitative indicators
-in terms of species restored-"several plots (Plots 3, 5, 6, 8 and 12 of the project) have been repopulated with shrubs and trees such as cupressus, esparto, rosemary, tomillos, lentiscos, tetraclinex and palmito, in the solana area, Deciduous and riparian species, and to other silvicultural treatments, which increases the variety of existing vegetation." (Ref. 1)
-"the runoff area has been corrected by building small stone walls " (Ref.1)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Please specify other method used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Preliminary study of the land in order to carry out irrigation work (Ref. 7)
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
No information found as of July 10, 2020.
Methods of impact monitoring
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. Alicante Municipality (2017). Environmental Department finishes Phase I of vegetation restoration of Benacantil Forest. [Medio Ambiente finaliza la I Fase de la Restauración Vegetal del Benacantil]. Alicante.es. Available at: http://www.alicante.es/es/noticias/medio-ambiente-finaliza-i-fase-restauracion-vegetal-del-benacantil (Accessed: 09 July 2020)
2. Ayuntamiento de Alicante (2015). Agenda 21. Alicante.es. http://www.alicante.es/es/contenidos/agenda-21 (website not available in 2020)
3. Asociación medioambiental, Repoblautoctona (n.d). "Portada". http://repoblautoctona.wixsite.com/espinaralicantino (website not available in 2020)
4. Alicante Plaza. (2018). Alicante assigns 485.000 euros for Benacantil Forest restoration. [Alicante destina 485.000 euros para reforestar el monte Benacantil]. Available at: https://alicanteplaza.es/alicante-destina-485000-euros-para-reforestar-el-monte-benacantil (Accessed: 09 July 2020)
5. Vivir Alicante (no date). "Monte Benacantil Alicante". Available at: https://www.viviralicante.com/monte-benacantil-alicante-vivir-alicante/ (Accessed: 15 July 2020)
6. Alicante City and Beach (no date). "Sendero natural 2. Monte Benacantil". Available at:
https://www.alicanteturismo.com/sendero-natural-2-monte-benacantil/ (Accessed: 15 July 2020)
7. DoceEnDigital (2018). "El Monte Benacantil de Alicante se convertirá en el primer bosque metropolitano". Available at: https://12endigital.es/2018/02/12/el-monte-benacantil-de-alicante-se-convertira-en-el-primer-bosque-metropolitano/ (Accessed: 6 August, 2020)
Comments and notes
Comments
It seems an association is helping with the project to restore the natural environment of the park. The association is named "Asociación medioambiental Repoblautoctona" with the main objective of "reversing the impacts of human beings on the mountains of our municipality".
Here is the website for further information:
http://repoblautoctona.wixsite.com/espinaralicantino/quehacemos

Other construction works to improve the forest are being implemented as well:
- Adaptation of pedestrian access from Sant Caietà street
- reconstruction of walls and improvement of plantations
- removal of dry pines and invasive plant species
- installation of a protection fence, reconstruction of walls, conditioning of trails, removal of graffiti
- restoration of canalization for river water conduction, demolition and removal of works, plant remains and materials
(Ref. 4)
Additional insights
Section 4: Policy Drivers "EU STRATEGY: This initiative could have been implemented due to the Agenda 21 (Aalborg conference) under the "Prevention of ecosystem degradation" requirement. (Ref. 2)

Section 5: Innovation "Novelty Level":Comments: There is not specific innovation defined in this project. However, I can tell that the association "Asociación medioambiental Repoblautoctona" has been doing before some similar restoration project in the mountains surrounding the city of Alicante. (Ref. 3)