1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Bonn
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Grünes C
Short description of the intervention
"Grünes" C is an initiative of six municipalities (Alfter, Bonn, Bornheim, Niederkassel, Sankt Augustin and Troisdorf) to secure, connect and (re)develop open and recreational spaces (agricultural, cultivated, garden, commercial landscapes, protected nature areas, rivers, transport routes). The major objective is to create an accessible, united park landscape in the original area of the "Grünes C" which spans 37 square kilometres to preserve those landscapes facing urban pressure. This is envisioned through a set of interventions initiated in and around the participating municipalities. Bonn has three interventions that will be dealt with here (3,4,5,9)
Address

Bonn
Germany

NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
https://www.sankt-augustin.de/imperia/md/content/cms123/buergerservice_verwaltung_politik/brosch_ren/flyer_gr__nes_c.pdf

Area boundaries difficult to select due to the irregular shape and geographical area of the NBS. For details about the location and territory of the NBS, please see the NBS area image.
Total area
37000.00m²
NBS area
37000.00m²
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2005
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2011
End date of the intervention
2015
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
1) Protect natural areas and secure them for nature conservation and agricultural purposes in the face of increasing urbanization (9)
2) Link varied natural landscapes (blue-green corridors, ribbons, natural parks and reserves) (9)
3) Develop these areas for recreation, nature conservation and agriculture (9)
4) Education of locals about nature and local landscapes in the area (1, 8, 9)
5) Protect and strengthen the edges of the Green C in order to set sustainable limits to the settlement pressure of the heavily urbanized region. (9)
Quantitative targets
Unknown
Monitoring indicators defined
Unknown
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
Three relevant interventions took place in and around Bonn:
1) Redevelopment and renewal of the Rhine ferry port: creating park areas, picnic sites, putting sunbeds along the newly implemented river bed, installing green terraces and creating bicycle lanes; linking the different patches of nature with bicycle and walking paths (5)
2) Creation of 35 "Natural Portals/Gates" for the Green C demarcating the area from urban areas where the settlement pressure is the greatest. These nature-oriented places would mark the transition from the residential area to the landscape through the implementation of nature areas consisting of the planting of natural vegetation, trees etc. typical for this area, the installation of playground facilities with information boards introducing the local nature, thus having multiple functions (3)
3) Development of the Buschdorf - Rosenfeld Green corridor with the implementation of vegetable gardens for rent to promote urban farming practices, creation of extensive flower beds fostering native insect species, installation of and agriculture themed playground, multi-functional small playing field, a gymnastic meadow and fitness facilities. These development measures were adapted to the occurrence of the specially protected species. (4)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Riverbank/Lakeside greens
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Green corridors and green belts
Community gardens and allotments
Allotments
Blue infrastructure
Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
Unknown
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown, Planted tree species/ cultivated trees: mulberry, medlar, quince, walnut, floodplain trees: willow, alder, ash.
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
swivel loungers, and picnic areas on the river bank (5)
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Regulating services
Pollination
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Tourism
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
It was a joint project initiated and implemented by six municipalities Alfter, Bonn, Bornheim, Niederkassel, Sankt Augustin und Troisdorf, these parties were responsible for the project design, raising funds, local implementation and collaboration with respective stakeholders, such as citizens (providing information about newly created recreation activities and tours) as well as local farmers to be included in the project. Furthermore they have the responsibility to preserve the project for 20 years (6).
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
National government
Regional government
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Citizens or community group
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
No
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Please specify other type of voluntary intervention
The trigger for the project was the Regionale 2010, a joint development mission statement of the Bonn/Cologne area under the umbrella of the regionalized structural policy of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Based on this initiative, project ideas were formed from 2002 onwards, followed by the integration of the project into the master plan: green of the Regionale 2010 (as a b project) (see attached document, 7)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify
It does have now, but it hasn't worked as an enabler back then because it was drafted after completion of the project.
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The partnership of the six municipalities itself is a network (1)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify
no subsidies mentioned in relation to the project.
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Yes
Co-governance arrangement
Please specify other co-financing type
Cooperation of six municipalities: Alfter, Bonn, Bornheim, Niederkassel, Sankt Augustin und Troisdorf
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
18.6 million Euros
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Total investment in the project: 18.6 million Euros
9.3 million Euros through EU funds
2.3 million Euros from national government funding
3.3 million Euros from regional government funding
3.7 million Euros (20%) invested by the municipalities (6)
(please note: these numbers refer to the whole "Grünes C", also including other interventions)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Business models
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Please specify social innovation
The regional concept "integrated action plan for green infrastructure" (IHK GI) resulted from the "Green C". It was issued in collaboration with communities and associations following a state-wide project called "green infrastructure NRW" including concrete projects and actions based on experiences made with the "Green C" (Ref. 2).
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
There is a follow-up project aiming at expanding the efforts of the "Grünes C", now with eight municipalities involved since an integrated concept for green infrastucture has been elaborated (IHK GI) which gave rise to a call for proposal issued by the Ministry for Climate and Nature Protection and Agriculture of Northrhein-Westfalia (Ref. 2). However, the detailed outline of the follow-up project is not yet accessible on the internet (application for funding just in 2017, funding is pending).
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
- New green spaces have been created for the purpose of connecting the different landscapes of the Green C (4,6)
- With the connection of different landscapes and strengthened boundaries for the natural area, the intense urbanisation in the area has been controlled and the reallocation of land for residential, commercial or infrastructure in the Green C has been decreased (6)
- The Green C accommodates many amphibians, such as the green toad, whose habitat was protected through the newly planted flower and colour fields and migration route to spawning water was also secured. (4)
- Extensive flower and colour fields foster native insect species and promote pollinating species. While a meadow orchard contributes to the preservation of regional fruit varieties. (4)
Securing and developing cultural landscapes: according to the summary of the project evaluation this goal has been achieved by creating a 60 km stretching link between the separate landscapes (connecting the right and left part of the Rhine), based on that it is expected that within the next 20 years the re-dedication of space will only occur on a small scale in the project area. (6)
Description of economic benefits
- Area allocated for vegetable gardens that can be rented by local citizens for a season promotes urban agriculture and self-sustaining food production (4)
Description of social and cultural benefits
- Facilities for a wide variety of recreational activities suitable for different generations promote recreation in the Green C for all ages. These facilities include: playgrounds, river bank terraces, nature trails, bike paths.
- Information stations were installed at the Gates of the Green C (bottleneck between settlement area and the natural area of the green corridor) which increase locals' environmental knowledge (3)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Area of created green space (60 km stretching link between the separate landscapes (connecting the right and left part of the Rhine) (6)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of August 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
Yes
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Please specify
The project evaluation stated missing public involvement especially in the implementation phase as a weakness of the project, it can therefore be assumed that there was no involvement of the public in the assessment / evaluation (Ref. 6). Especially because I found evidence from one civil society initiative where it is stated that they are still waiting for the project evaluation.
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
Please specify
An outlook and recommendations were stated in the summary of the project evaluation (Ref. 6, see document uploaded), however it is not clear whether these have been taken up.
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
List of references
1. Das Grüne C. (2012). Das Grüne C - Sicherung des Natur- und Kulturraums unserer Region. Accessed September 1, 2020 https://www.sankt-augustin.de/imperia/md/content/cms123/buergerservice_verwaltung_politik/brosch_ren/flyer_gr__nes_c.pdf
2. Das Grüne C. (2012). „Grüne Infrastruktur NRW“ Grünes C folgt dem Förderaufruf. Website unavailable September 1, 2020
3. Das Grüne C. (2012). Die Tore - Willkommen im Grünen C. Accessed September 1, 2020, https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/das-gruene-c/die-tore.php
4. Das Grüne C. (2012). Grünzug Buschdorf-Rosenfeld in Bonn. Accessed September 1, 2020, https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/projekte/gruenzug-buschdorf-rosenfeld.php
5. Das Grüne C. (2012). Mondorfer Fähre in Niederkassel und Bonn. Accessed September 1, 2020 https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/projekte/mondorfer-faehre.php
6. Das Grüne C. (2015). Grünes C. Evaluation des Projektes. Kurzfassung. Accessed September 1, 2020 Available at: http://www.gruenes-c.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/150313_Kurzfassung-Grünes-C.pdf
7. Region Köln/Bonn. (2015). Dokumentation der Regionale 2010. Accessed September 1, 2020 https://www.regionale2010.de/fileadmin/user_shares/web_downloads/Regionale_2010_Dokumentation.pdf
8. Stadt Bonn. (2017). Grünes C: Freiräume in der Region vernetzen. Website unavailable September 1, 2020.
9. Das Grünes C. (2020). Das Grünes C. Accessed September 1, 2020, https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/index.php
Comments and notes
Comments
2/indicators: No monitoring indicators could be found for this project, however a short version of the evaluation is accessible online
6/I could not find the original evaluation document, only its short version
Public Images
Image
Das Grüne C
Source: https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/index.php
Image
Das Grüne C
Source: https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/index.php
Image
Das Grüne C
Source: https://gruenes-c.bonn.de/index.php