1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Jakarta
Region
Asia
Short description of the intervention
In 2017, the city of Jakarta initiated a peri-urban farming program under its Urban Agriculture Program that aimed to achieve sustainable agricultural production, rural economic sustainability and long-term environmental sustainability (1,4).
South Jakarta is one of the five administrative units that form Jakarta is a prosperous city with more than 2.2 mils. inhabitants. Industrial production as well as urbanization developed quickly in the city, leading to a steep increase in population. Meanwhile, the city experiences a reduction in agricultural land converted into settlements and industrial land, as well as soil deterioration. The city needs agricultural land for production and to establish food security. Furthermore, it needs to improve air pollution as well as oxygen provisioning. As such a solution had to be found (1).
To implement the program a total of 12 communities in the South Kebayoran Lama subdistrict of South Jakarta participated in implementing and operating urban farms. One of these communities has been the Kebayoran Lama Selatan Urban Village managed by Seruni Indah Farmers Group (Kelompok Tani Seruni Indah) which is a very successful example of sustainable organic urban farming supporting more than 3500 residents. The engagement consisted in using vacant and private yard land for horticultural crops (vegetables, fruits and ornamental plants), spices, medicines, herbs etc. through hydroponic and conventional practices that could benefit the community and the general public. 15 gardens have been implemented with funding provided by the Indonesian government (3, 7).
Address

Indonesia

Total area
290.00m²
NBS area
290.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2017
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2017
End date of the intervention
2020
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
The intervention was a novelty for South Jakarta and aimed to solve several challenges that were stringent and directly affected the inhabitants of this populous sub-district.
1. First of all, the implementer aimed to revitalise previous derelict areas which were used as dumpsites or vacant lots and transform them into urban farms, namely small individual plots
2. The implementer also aimed to address food insecurity (giving households and communities access to a fresh, healthy, nutritious, and eco-friendly food supply) and by addressing this, to increase the income of the residents as parts of the production were to be sold based on needs.
3. To serve as the pilot project that inspires the establishment of more urban farms in the sub-district.
4. To address issues related to the improvement of the environment by oxygen provisioning, cutting down air pollution and improving soil conditions. Urban farming will eventually reduce CO2 in the air if it becomes more widespread, and create more green open space, therefore playing a crucial role in mitigating the effects of climate change. (1,3,6,8)
Quantitative targets
1. Up to 80kg of crops to be produced in general
2. 290 sqm plot to be created
3. More than 3500 residents to benefit from the action
4. 12 communities to be included in the intervention. (1,2,3,4,5)
Monitoring indicators defined
- Number of communities involved
- KG of crops to be produced
- Number of residents benefiting directly from the intervention
- Size of plots created. (1,2,3,4)
Please specify other climate change mitigation goal
Food security (4)
Climate change mitigation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Implementation activities
The intervention was initiated in 2017 when a previous derelict area which was used as a dumpsite was converted into an urban farm by the Seruni Indah Farmers Group. Dated 27 December 2019, an additional of 14 urban farms have been inspired by Kebayoran Lama Selatan Urban Village and established by 12 community units (RWs which are administrative units, Rukum Warga). Various types of crops have been planted with both hydroponic and conventional techniques : mustard greens, water spinach, spinach, pumpkin, onion, chilli, tomato, medicinal plants, lettuce, pakcoy. Various seeds and seedlings have been planted / provided by Jakarta Maritime, Agriculture and Food Security Agency's Agriculture Division (KPKP). Diluted goat manure has been used as organic fertiliser. Karang Taruna youth group and Family Welfare Movement (PKK) were involved to help residents take advantage of the yards and become urban farmers. (3,4,5,6,7)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Community gardens and allotments
Horticulture
Please specify "other derelict areas"
under-utilised yards
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
15 urban farms in the whole Kebayoran Lama Selatan sub-district (7)
Vegetation Type
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Medicinal resources
Regulating services
Air quality regulation
Carbon storage/sequestration
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Citizens or community groups
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The intervention has been led by different community groups from South Jakarta such as Seruni Indah Farmers Group (Kelompok Tani Seruni Indah) or the Seruni Indah Women Farmer Group, and supported by Jakarta Maritime, Agriculture and Food Security Agency's Agriculture Division (KPKP) which provided funds, free seeds and land. The community provided private land where necessary, as well as expertise and labour. (3,4)
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
National government
Citizens or community group
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Please specify other landowner
Private properties (3,4)
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
Though the pilot intervention was implemented in 2017, in the following years a series of national documents were established: Gubernatorial Regulation number 14/2018 on Implementation of Urban Farming and Great Design of Urban Farming 2018-2030. (6)
President Regulation No. 60 2020 on urban farming can also preserve around 30% of open spaces, both for public use (20%) and for private use (10%). (8)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
Medium-Term Regional Medium-Term Plan (RPJMD) for 2007-2012, Jakarta (1)
Spatial Planning Jakarta 2030. (1)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
Medium Term Regional Medium-Term Plan (RPJMD) for 2007-2012, Jakarta (1)
Spatial Planning Jakarta 2030. (1)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
Vegetable plants (7)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
No
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
Total cost
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Funds were not declared but it was mentioned that they were provided by the Indonesian government who also provided seeds for free. (8)
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify social innovation
The innovation of this project has been based on new governance practices as well as new policy strategies. From a governance perspective, the innovation consisted of including community groups in the management of green spaces, a novelty for Jakarta. From a policy perspective, the project contributed significantly to the introduction of urban farming policies such as the Gubernatorial Regulation number 14/2018 on Implementation of Urban Farming and Great Design of Urban Farming 2018-2030. (3, 4, 6)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The innovation has been completely new and it doesn't seem it has been copied from previous interventions. (1)
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
It is mentioned that similar actions have been implemented across 5 regions in Jakarta: West, South, Central, North, and East Jakarta. (8)
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
- The project has not released public reports, nevertheless the implementer succeeded in creating 15 gardens of various sizes (180-290 sqm) therefore contributing to the development of green areas in South Jakarta. (7)
- Furthermore, there was an increase in biodiversity as many medicinal plants and vegetables ( pakcoy, water spinach, mustard greens, lettuce) have been planted. (3)
- It was also expected that the project will deliver a cut down on pollution and will eventually reduce CO2 in the air if it becomes more widespread, and more green open space will be created. In addition, urban air quality could be positively impacted by urban farming. (8)
Description of economic benefits
- The project supported farmers in increasing their income as one of the implementers declared: "We always encourage them to use vacant land for agriculture, as it can increase their income". (3)
- Agricultural production was also increased with farmers harvesting 25 kilograms of pakcoy vegetables, 18 kilograms of water spinach, 17 kilograms of mustard greens, and 17 kilograms of lettuce in one gardening area. Another one reported 72 kilograms of vegetables/harvest which are grown seasonally. (4)
Description of social and cultural benefits
- Increased access to healthy and affordable food as well as an increase in knowledge of locals about nature: The vegetables and medicinal plants of Poktan have become very popular with the local people. "They [..] understand the health benefits of vegetables, so many people buy them" (4). Furthermore, urban farming gives households and communities access to a fresh, healthy, nutritious, and eco-friendly food supply. (8)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
- Number of gardens implemented
- Size of green areas created
- Amount of vegetables harvested. (3,4,8)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
"COVID-19 pandemic had made people realize the importance of food security for both now and in the future. Endang Tri Margawati, an animal biotechnology researcher at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), said that the trend could actually become a solution to food security issues during the pandemic" (2).
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. E Indrawati 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 106, available at https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/106/1/012052/meta (accessed 20-2-2023)
2. The Jakarta Post (2020), Urban Farming a Solution to Food Security Issues during Pandemic, available at https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/10/27/urban-farming-a-solution-to-food-security-issues-during-pandemic.html (accessed 20-2-2023)
3. Berita Jakarta (2019), Tens Kilograms of Vegetables Harvested in Kebayoran Lama Selatan, available at https://beritajakarta.id/en/read/29329/tens-kilograms-of-vegetables-harvested-in-kebayoran-lama-selatan#.ZCw7unZBzYE (accessed 20-2-2023)
4. Tabloid Sinartani (2020), Urban Farming Sukses, Hasil Panen Diminati Warga, available at https://tabloidsinartani.com/detail/indeks/family-style/11434-Urban-Farming-Sukses-Hasil-Panen-Diminati-Warga (accessed 20-2-2023)
5. SiPetaniDKI (2019), KWT Seruni Indah, available at https://openstreetmap.id/dkpkp/reports/view/249 (accessed 20-2-2023)
6. Berita Jakarta (2020), Yogyakarta DPRD Praises Urban Farming in Jakarta, available at https://beritajakarta.id/en/read/33925/yogyakarta-dprd-praises-urban-farming-in-jakarta#.ZCw77HZBzYE (accessed 20-2-2023)
7. Jagad Tani (2029), Mengubah Tempat Sampah jadi Kebun, available at https://jagadtani.com/read/351/mengubah-tempat-sampah-jadi-kebun (accessed 20-2-2023)
8. HumanitarianOpen Street Team, SiPetaniDKI: Urban Farming as a solution for climate change adaptation in Jakarta, available at https://www.hotosm.org/updates/sipetanidki-urban-farming-as-a-solution-for-climate-change-adaptation-in-jakarta/ (accessed 22-03-2023)
Comments and notes
Additional insights
Seruni Indah Farmers Group in Kebayoran Lama Selatan Urban Village of South Jakarta
Public Images
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Hydroponic@KWT Seruni Indah
Hydroponic@KWT Seruni Indah
https://openstreetmap.id/dkpkp/media/uploads/249_11_1566541194.jpeg
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Kelompok Tani Seruni Indah 1
Kelompok Tani Seruni Indah 1
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Hydroponic@KWT Seruni Indah 2
Hydroponic@KWT Seruni Indah 2
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KWT Seruni Indah
KWT Seruni Indah
https://jagadtani.com/uploads/gallery/2019/12/mengubah-tempat-sampah-jadi-288021b394.jpg
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Head of KWT Seruni Indah Farmers Group
Head of KWT Seruni Indah Farmers Group
https://img.jakpost.net/c/2019/01/17/2019_01_17_63339_1547732274._large.jpg
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Visit to Urban Farm by Indonesian Officials
Visit to Urban Farm by Indonesian Officials
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Learning Activities at Kebayoran Lama Selatan Urban Village
Learning Activities at Kebayoran Lama Selatan Urban Village
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