1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Leipzig
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Parkbogen Ost
Short description of the intervention
When the national German railway company shut down parts of the former East station of Leipzig and its tracks in 2012, citizens developed an idea for its secondary use and came up with the concept of the "Parkbogen Ost" which represents a 5-kilometre long circle of bicycle lanes, footpaths and outdoor space surrounding the East of Leipzig. The city of Leipzig recognized its potential to connect the Eastern Leipzig with the city centre and developed the strategy further by issuing a "Masterplan Parkbogen Ost" as the base for a step-wise implementation of the project in 2013 (Ref. 5).
Address

Leipzig
Germany

NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
Source: https://www.leipzig.de/bauen-und-wohnen/stadterneuerung-in-leipzig/stadterneuerungsprojekte/parkbogen-ost/

The geographical location of the NBS is quite wide spread, thus its area boundary indication is greatly difficult. The Attached area photo can provide more information on its location.
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2012
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2017
End date of the intervention
ongoing
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
1. The gentrification of the Eastern city district, its green spaces and housing areas with new open spaces and play areas (3, 5);
2. Relief street traffic by offering alternative transition opportunities for bicycle traffic (5);
3. Integrate the bicycle lane network into the regional network of paths and thereby foster sustainable mobility in Leipzig (3, 5);
4. Enhance connectivity of the Eastern districts (Volksmarsdorf, Schönefeld, Sellerhausen, Anger-Crottendorf, Stötteritz and Reudnitz) with the city centre (3, 5);
5. Connect several attractive green areas, unexplored sites and monuments of the industry and railway era (2);
6. Catalyze cautious upgrade, which is primarily based on the commitment of local actors (5).
Quantitative targets
Implementing a five kilometer belt consisting of bicycle and pedestrian lanes that integrates the Eastern part of the city with its city center (2, 3)
Monitoring indicators defined
No monitoring indicators set for this project
Please specify "other Habitats and biodiversity restoration activity"
Rehabilitate derelict areas formerly used for industrial purposes
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Implementation activities
Following an intensive citizens engagement process (workshops, fora etc.) the Master Plan was approved in 2016 and presents the major project ideas for the further step-wise development of the belt.
- Preparation of preparatory studies on how to deal with the existing bridge structures, reports on nature and environmental issues and on suitable areas for accessibility for the disabled (5)
- Transformation of the old railway tracks into greened bicycle lanes and pedestrian paths (1,2)
- Transformation or renovation of monuments like the Grassi museum (connection to the inner city), an old cemetery, a former administrative facility of the railway company into cultural spaces and restaurants (1,2)
- Transformation of the old train station, a former fire station into recreational areas, such as the Lene-Voigt-Park which used to be a former train station, and to urban nature areas such as urban forests and community gardens (1,2)
- Preparation of a preliminary a 250 stretch of an old viaduct which will serve as an elevated outlook point and a greened canopy trail passing the conserved brownfield of the former post train station. Construction works should start in 2017 (1, 2).
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Railroad bank and track greens
Green playgrounds and school grounds
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Green corridors and green belts
Community gardens and allotments
Community gardens
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
Unknown
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Recreation
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Please specify other local relevant strategy
Redevelopment plan of the district and the cultural and green areas connected to the green belt (2)
Governance
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Citizens or community groups
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The project was initiated by engaged citizens who came up with the idea for re-purposing the former rail tracks. It was then taken up by the Office for Urban Renewal and Housing subsidy (ASW) of the city of Leipzig which saw the potential for gentrification of the Eastern city districts of Leipzig and therefore initiated the development of a Master Plan with intense citizen involvement into this process. Vacant space along the belt offers opportunities for residents and interested citizens to co-create urban spaces based on their own creative project ideas (1, 5, 8)
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
National government
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Citizens or community group
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The project Parkbogen Ost is a measure anchored in the Integrated District Development Concept for Leipzig's East ("Integriertes Stadtteilentwicklungskonzept Leipziger Osten") and follows the guidelines of the "Leipzig Charta" of 2007 which promotes the use of integrated urban development strategies as well as the development and conservation of high quality public space and active innovation and education politics (2, 10).
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The city of Leipzig actively fosters the interim use of brownfields generated by urban redevelopment for greening projects initiated by citizens and residents as a strategic element of enhancing green space in the city (9).
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
The Masterplan Parkbogen Ost can be considered as such. It provides the base for the application and arrangement of funding options and required resources as well as outlines the steps of the urban development project's implementation and its component projects in Leipzig's East (2).
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The network for city nature ("Netzwerk Natur und Landshaft") is involved in the planning of the project. It consists of over 50 different entities, such as associations, artists, scientists, cultural organizations and administrative authorities in Leipzig and surroundings which aim at making the connection between nature, environment, art and culture (7).
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
So far for the first phase of the implementation measures, 3.3 million EUR is provided by the National Ministry for Construction (3, 6) while another 5.2 million EUR is given by the "National Urban Development Project" (3, 6, 11). The city of Leipzig has other project sponsors such as the European Fund for Regional Development Saxony, the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (5).
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
The expected total costs of the project is estimated to be 41 million EUR
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
The expected total costs for the project and its components are 41 million EUR, with 3.3 million so far provided by the Federal Ministry of Construction (3, 6). In 2020, the project received an additional 5.2 million Euros from the "National Urban Development Project" Other project sponsors include: ERDF Saxony, the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (5)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Please specify technological innovation
The implementation of the large park belt can be considered an infrastructural innovation making use of the most diverse urban elements, such as monuments, recreational areas, parks to create a continuous pathway that has the potential as a new tourist attraction while elegantly connecting city districts (Ref. 8).
Please specify social innovation
The social innovation aspect of the project is rooted in the intensive citizen engagement. First of all the whole project originated in civil society, has actively involved citizens into all stages, from ideation to design of the master plan and will continue to promote citizen initiatives for the future use of the area (Ref. 1, 2, 3 and 7).
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The project aims at replicating the role model project "High Lane Park" on the former overhead railway in Manhattan which was greened, benches erected and has become an important tourist attraction since 2009 (Ref. 8). This project decisively expands this idea by integrating actors like the private sector, cultural organizations, citizens and the like (Ref. 5).
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Since the project's implementation has just started, only expected impacts based on the objectives of the project can be indicated. According to the master plan, the following benefits are expected (2):
- Improved urban micro-climate by connecting smaller green patches
- Expand the continuous green spaces by connecting the existing and to be newly implemented urban green spaces
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Please specify other environmental justice issue
The project aims to address gentrification - although the project is not complete yet and the information available regarding the potential impacts of the project is still limited.
Description of social and cultural benefits
Since the project's implementation has just started, only expected impacts based on the objectives of the project can be indicated. According to the master plan, the following benefits are expected (2):
- Mobilization of private and public funds to support the gentrification of socially deprived quarters
- Increased attractiveness of the city district
- Expand the length of safe pedestrian and bicycle routes
- Compensating scarce green spaces in the inner city by linking those areas with regionally important recreational areas in outer districts
- Gentrification through revitalizing brownfields
- Increasing interaction among ethnically and socially diverse groups and supporting the development of informal and formal social infrastructure
- Extended tourist infrastructure in the city
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Unknown
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of October 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
List of references
1. Stadt Leipzig Dezernat Stadtentwicklung and Bau. (2015). ‘Parkbogen Ost. Aus ehemaligen Bahnanlagen wird ein grünes Aktivband’. Leipzig. Accessed on October 13, 2020, https://www.leipzig.de/fileadmin/mediendatenbank/leipzig-de/Stadt/02.6_Dez6_Stadtentwicklung_Bau/64_Amt_fuer_Stadterneuerung_und_Wohnungsbaufoerderung/Projekte/Flyer_Broschueren_PDFs/Parkbogen_Ost/Faltblatt_Parkbogen_Ost_12-2015.pdf (Accessed: 20 July 2017).
2. Stadt Leipzig (2017a) Masterplan Parkbogen Ost. Leipzig. Accessed on October 13, 2020, http://www.leipzig.de/fileadmin/mediendatenbank/leipzig-de/Stadt/02.6_Dez6_Stadtentwicklung_Bau/64_Amt_fuer_Stadterneuerung_und_Wohnungsbaufoerderung/Projekte/Flyer_Broschueren_PDFs/Parkbogen_Ost/Parkbogen_Ost_Masterplan.pdf (Accessed: 20 July 2017).
3. Rometsch, J. (2016). ‘Masterplan für Parkbogen Ost fertig - Höhenradweg auf Viadukt kommt zuerst’, Leipziger Volkszeitung, 24 November. Accessed on October 13, 2020, http://www.ggh-ag.de/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/20161124_GRO_HP_14.pdf
4. leipziggrün.de. (2017). Hier stellen wir Ihnen die acht wichtigsten Stationen des geplanten Parkbogen Ost vor. Accessed on October 13, 2020, http://www.leipziggruen.de/de/2012_Stationen_Parkbogen_Ost.asp
5. Stadt Leipzig (2017b) Parkbogen Ost - von Bahnflächen zum grünen Aktivband. Accessed on October 13, 2020, http://www.leipzig.de/bauen-und-wohnen/stadterneuerung-in-leipzig/stadterneuerungsprojekte/parkbogen-ost/
6. Stadt Leipzig (2017c) ‘Parkbogen Ost’ wird vom Bund gefördert. Accessed on October 13, 2020, https://www.leipzig.de/news/news/parkbogen-ost-wird-vom-bund-gefoerdert/
7. culturtraeger GmbH (no date) LeipzigGrün. Über uns. Accessed on October 13, 2020, http://www.leipziggruen.de/de/garten_grusswort.asp
8. Salpius, D. (2017). Parkbogen Ost. Was sich hinter dem Großprojekt in Leipzig verbirgt., Mitteldeutsche Zeitung. Accessed on October 13, 2020, http://www.mz-web.de/leipzig/parkbogen-ost-was-sich-hinter-dem-grossprojekt-in-leipzig-verbirgt-25625662
9. Stadt Leipzig and Leipziger Osten. (2003). ‘Stadtumbau Freiraum und neues Grün’. Leipzig: Grünflächenamt; Stadtteilmanagement ‘Leipziger Osten’. Website not available
10. Stadt Leipzig. (2013). Integriertes Stadtteilentwicklungskonzept Leipziger Osten. Leipzig. Accessed on October 13, 2020, https://www.leipzig.de/fileadmin/mediendatenbank/leipzig-de/Stadt/02.6_Dez6_Stadtentwicklung_Bau/64_Amt_fuer_Stadterneuerung_und_Wohnungsbaufoerderung/Leipziger_Osten_Fotos/Publikationen/Broschuere_Integriertes_Stadtentwicklungskonzept_Leipzig.pdf
11. Julke, R. (2020). Bund fördert den ersten Bauabschnitt des Bahnbogens Ost mit 5,2 Millionen Euro. Leipziger Internet Zeitung. Accessed on October 13, 2020, https://www.l-iz.de/politik/brennpunkt/2020/06/Bund-foerdert-den-ersten-Bauabschnitt-des-Bahnbogens-Ost-mit-52-Millionen-Euro-337780
Comments and notes
Public Images
Image
Parkbogen Ost
Source: https://www.leipzig.de/news/news/parkbogen-ost-wird-vom-bund-gefoerdert/
Image
Parkbogen Ost
Source: https://www.mz-web.de/leipzig/parkbogen-ost-was-sich-hinter-dem-grossprojekt-in-leipzig-verbirgt-25625662