1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Lima (FUA)
Region
Latin America and the Caribbean
Native title of the NBS intervention
Parque Zonal Cultural Bicentenario
Short description of the intervention
This mega-project is part of the Agenda for the Commemoration of the Bicentenary of the Independence of Peru (3). It is the new ecological lung of Ventanilla where families have free access to a meeting point where they can carry out sports, recreational, leisure and cultural activities (1, 2, 3). This park is the largest emblematic work carried out in Callao and one of the largest in extension at the national level, built in commemoration of the 200 years of independence (1, 2, 3). It was built on vacant land, where there was no possibility of meeting or recreation for the neighbours (1).
In addition to offering recreational spaces, it is a cultural work that seeks to teach the population about the history of independence, making the public space a commitment to a citizen-centred public policy with an intercultural approach (3). In addition, its financing was part of the second phase of the economic reactivation plan for public investment, encouraging local economic development and generating more than 1,300 direct and indirect jobs (3). This work is an investment of the Executive together with the Regional Government of Callao and the labour force of the municipality of Ventanilla (1, 2). Its facilities are freely accessible and will contribute to the social development and well-being of the citizens (3).
Inaugurated in 2022, it has cultural components, such as squares and amphitheatres, playgrounds, campsites and more than 30,000 m2 of green and blue areas (1).
Website of the intervention
https://delpais.com.pe/municipalidad-de-ventanilla-abre-las-puertas-de-la-obra-…
Principal problems
Land use and Socio-economic change
Rapid urbanization
Unequal availability and access to public green spaces
Health, Well-being and Social cohesion
Inadequate access to recreational opportunities
Implementation area characterization
Climate
Arid (Desert, Steppe)
Ecosystem
Urban or built environment
Address

5V62+37X, Ventanilla 07071, Perú
Ventanilla
Peru

Location
The NBS is situated in an area, with clear delineation of boundaries and a specific shape (polygon). The NBS project can also have more than one area location (more than one polygon, situated close by).
Area boundary (map-based)
Total area
116000.00m²
NBS area
33910.90m²
Area description
Urban (main city)
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Public Greenspace Area
Vacant or abandoned land
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2020
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2020
End date of the intervention
2022
Present stage of the intervention
Completed
Objectives of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
- To provide a space for enjoyment and social interaction for a wide audience, including residents from other districts (1)
- To promote physical, recreational, and cultural activities (1)
- To disseminate and preserve the history of Peruvian independence as part of the national identity (1)
- To foster a commitment to a citizen-centred and intercultural public policy (3)
- To contribute to the economic revival through public investment (3)
Sustainability challenge(s) addressed
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Green space creation and/or management
Cultural heritage and cultural diversity
Protection of historic and cultural landscape/infrastructure
Preservation of historic traditions
Health and well-being (SDG 3)
Creation of opportunities for recreation
Enabling opportunities for physical activity
Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10)
Social interaction
Economic development and employment (SDG 8)
Employment/job creation
Implementation activities and NBS focus
Implementation activities
The park's construction was completed in two phases over 12 months (3). The first phase focused on recreational infrastructure, while the second phase implemented sports and complementary facilities (3).

The park features natural areas, including green spaces and artificial water bodies (1). To fulfil cultural objectives, it includes a permanent history museum, a library, workshop rooms, a plaza honouring independence heroes and illustrious Peruvians, and a plaza dedicated to the Incas. A children's play area and 3 amphitheatres for arts and culture have also been established, along with 12 hectares of public recreational space (1, 3).
The project created 1300 jobs and will implement a tourist circuit to attract local businesses and artisans (2, 3). A food court was set up to encourage the economic development of social organizations in the area through the sale of traditional food (6), and there's a plaza for Pachacutec artisans (1).
Type of NBS project
Creation of new green areas
Creation of large parks and urban and peri-urban forests
Transformation of previously derelict areas
Transformation of vacant land into green spaces
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Blue infrastructure
Lakes/ponds
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Amenities offered by the NBS
Playgrounds
Sports areas and equipment
Swimming areas
Educational or biodiversity trails
Cultural (museum, concert areas)
Other
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Camping areas, a square with infrastructure for artisans, a food court, a parking lot (1, 3)
Design elements for well-being
Olfactory elements (e.g., floral scents, earthy smells)
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Air quality regulation
Cultural services
Inspiration for culture, art and design
Recreation
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Demographics in implementation area
The population of Ventanilla is 441,860 inhabitants, representing 31.7% of the total population of Callao (7). Monetary poverty in Ventanilla - according to official measurements carried out by INEI (2007) - reaches a total poverty rate of 29.2% and an extreme poverty rate of 0.6%. These figures contrast with those registered in the Constitutional Province of Callao, where the total poverty rate is 18.8% and the extreme poverty rate is 0.3%. Non-monetary poverty in Ventanilla, measured according to the population in households affected by the number of Unsatisfied Basic Needs (UBN), shows that the percentage of the population affected by at least one UBN is 39.8%, which totals 110,315 people (7).
Socio-economic profile of the area
Low-income
Communities vulnerable to environmental hazards or climate change impacts
Unknown
Primary Beneficiaries
Local government/Municipality
Citizens or community groups
Specify primary beneficiaries
The Bicentennial Cultural Park of Ventanilla is one of the main recreational, cultural and sporting venues for the residents of Callao (3). It was opened to the general public by the municipality of Ventanilla for the enjoyment of thousands of families from this jurisdiction as well as from other districts (1). It is mentioned that the mothers of Pachacutec benefit from it, as it serves as an economic development centre for women belonging to different social organisations, who have a great opportunity to earn income through the modules located in the food court where they sell stews from different regions of the country (6). A square was also built for local artisans (1).
Marginalized groups
Women
Other
Please specify "other marginalized group"
Artisans (1)
Measures for inclusion of marginalised groups
The park serves as an economic development centre for mothers from Pachacutec who belong to different social organisations. They can earn income through the modules located in the food court where they sell stews from different regions of the country (6)). And there is also a square for local artisans to sell their products (1).
Other beneficiaries
Unknown
Governance
Governance arrangements
Government-led
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
Municipalidad Distrital de Ventanilla: Initiator, executor and financer of the project (3)
Regional Government and Ministry of Housing: technical assistance and co-financier (1, 3)
Key actors - initiating organization
Local government/municipality
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Regional government
Public sector institution
Participatory methods/forms of stakeholder involvement (all stakeholders)
Unknown
Uncommon actors ("Missing actors")
Unknown
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to a Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
It has support from the Programa Nuestras Ciudades (Our Cities Programme) promoted by the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation, which formulates, approves and executes public investment projects for urban mobility, public spaces, urban equipment for public recreation, and special uses at the local, regional and/or national level, and others that may be necessary (4).
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme/type of the plan
National Disaster Risk Reduction Plans
Other
Please specify other national policy instrument
Sustainable urban development and the promotion of citizenship goals (4)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers & Barriers
Type of enablers
Funds, subsidies or investment for GI/NBS in the city (available for the city or provided by the city)
Please provide details (e.g, name of the plan or strategy) for the selected policies or initiatives.
This park is part of the Bicentennial Cultural Parks projected in the Bicentennial Commemoration Agenda (3). With these parks, the country has sought to invest in creating public spaces to balance the lack of green areas and quality of life in cities. Their main function is to provide opportunities for inhabitants to develop their individual and collective capacities, participate in community life and take advantage of the platform of social, economic and environmental benefits that they provide (5).
Governace and decison-making instruments
Strategic instruments (e.g. GI strategies, green space strategy or plans)
Arrangements for governance cooperation
Formal coordination mechanisms to oversee project implementation and decision-making (e.g., multi-stakeholder steering committees, working groups)
Barriers
Unknown
Financing
Total cost
More than €4,000,000
Please specify total cost (EUR)
11,440,896
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
n/a
Source(s) of funding
Public local authority budget
Public national budget
Public regional budget
Type of fund(s) used
Earmarked public budget
Non-financial contribution
No
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-governance arrangement
Unknown
Entrepreneurship opportunities
Yes
What entrepreneurship opportunities have arisen from the NBS project?
Other
Please specify other type of entrepreneurship opportunity
Sale of food from different regions of the country (6)
What types of actors are leading the entrepreneurship activities linked to the NBS project?
Social enterprises or cooperatives
What types of support are provided to entrepreneurs engaged in NBS-related activities?
Access to specialized facilities or equipment
Business models
Business models
Green densification model
Green heritage model
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Public actor (e.g. municipality)
Impacts, benefits
Environmental impacts
Environmental quality
Improved air quality
Achieved improved air quality
Green space and habitat
Increased green space area
Achieved increased green space area
Description of environmental benefits
-Improved air quality: "We are very happy because here there was nothing but sand and houses, now we have a place to breathe fresh air" (2)
-Increased green space area: "This mega project is the new ecological lung for the whole of Ventanilla." (1)
Environmental impact indicators
Green space area created (in ha)
3.104819
Other indicators
Blue area created: 0.286272 ha
Economic impacts
Generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation)
Achieved generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation)
More sustainable tourism
Expected more sustainable tourism
Attraction of business and investment
Expected attraction of business and investment
Description of economic benefits
- Generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation): "It is an economic development centre for Pachacutan mothers belonging to different social organisations, who have a great opportunity to earn income through the modules located in the food court where they sell stews from different regions of the country." (6)
- More sustainable tourism: "From now on, the residents of Ventanilla and Pachacútec will no longer need to leave the district, a tourist circuit will be implemented between the Monitor Huáscar Naval Theme Park and the Bicentennial Cultural Park, which will bring with it many local businesses and healthy recreation for families." (1)
- Attraction of business and investment: "From now on, the residents of Ventanilla and Pachacútec will no longer need to leave the district, a tourist circuit will be implemented between the Monitor Huáscar Naval Theme Park and the Bicentennial Cultural Park, which will bring with it many local businesses and healthy recreation for families." (1)
Economic impact indicators
Number of jobs created (e.g. park maintenance, landscaping, ecotourism)
1300
Social and cultural impacts
Social justice and cohesion
Improved access to urban green space
Achieved improved access to urban green space
Health and wellbeing
Gain in activities for recreation and exercise
Achieved gain in activities for recreation and exercise
Cultural heritage and sense of place
Increased sense of place identity, memory and belonging
Achieved increased sense of place identity, memory and belonging
Social and cultural impact indicators
Surface area of accessible green spaces (in ha)
3.104819
Number of participants in outdoor activities or exercise programs in green spaces
More than 2 thousand visitors in 2022
Other indicators
1.333525 Camping area
Description of social and cultural benefits
-Improved access to urban green space: "One of the most longed-for dreams of many Pachacutanos and Ventanillenses has come true. The great ‘Parque Zonal Cultural Bicentenario’, the largest project in the history of the First Port, with an area of more than 116 thousand square metres, was opened to the general public by the municipality of Ventanilla for the enjoyment of thousands of families from this jurisdiction as well as from other districts." (1)
-Gain in activities for recreation and exercise: "This mega project is the new ecological lung for the whole of Ventanilla where families will have a meeting point where they will be able to do sports, recreational, leisure and cultural activities" (1)
-Increased sense of place identity, memory and belonging: "It is a cultural work that, in addition to recreation, also seeks to teach the population the history of our independence, which is why it has been called Bicentennial Park." (1)
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Type of indicators
Output indicators
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Cost-benefit analysis
Unknown
Transparency
Inclusion of diverse stakeholders in project governance processes (e.g. planning, implementation, monitoring, etc.)
Public disclosure of project funding sources and/or budgets
Justice
Community satisfaction
Mixed: Feedback and reports show a combination of positive and negative sentiments regarding satisfaction with the NBS project within the community.
Description of locals satisfaction with the project
Mixed feedback is found. Citizens are praising the construction of the park and the possibility of having a place for recreation and breathing clean air. On the other hand, some citizens are complaining about the lack of trees and the amount of grey infrastructure present in the park. The Municipality has responded that the trees planted are still small.
Trade-offs & Negative impacts
Unknown
Emphasis of existing social inequalities or injustices
No information reported related to negative social justice-related impacts of the NBS project
Measures to prevent gentrification or displacement
Unknown
High-quality & Transformative NBS
Multiple impacts delivery (climate, biodiversity, just community)
No
Goal setting and impacts delivery
No, project goals were not set, and benefits were not delivered in all 3 key areas.
Reaching original project goals
Some of the project goals were achieved
Long-term perspective
Yes
Cost-effective solutions
Unknown
Equitable impacts
A. All stakeholders benefit fairly from the project
Transformative capacity
Ecological change (e.g. ecosystem functions and their distribution)
Magnitude of change
Reformist: by focusing on addressing underlying drivers of change but failing to address the problem structurally or systemically
Application of lessons learned
Unknown
Perception of Environmental Change
No
References
1.
delpaís (2022). Municipalidad de ventanilla abre las puertas de la obra más grande de todo el callao “parque zonal cultural bicentenario” de pachacútec. Accessed on September 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
2.
Trome (2022). Inauguran el Parque Zonal Cultural Bicentenario, el nuevo pulmón para Pachacútec. Accessed on September 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
3.
Oficina General de Comunicaciones (2020). Así será el Parque Bicentenario de Ventanilla: Más de 111 mil m² de espacios verdes y recreativos de libre acceso. Accessed on September 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
4.
Peruvian Government (n.d.). Programa Nuestras Ciudades. Accessed on September 10, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
5.
Aliaga, M., Picón, J. (2023). Parques Culturales Bicentenario: Legado con inclusión social. Accessed on September 10, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
6.
Peruvian Government (2022). Más de 20 mil visitantes recibió parque bicentenario desde apertura. Accessed on September 10, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
7.
Alianza para el progreso (n.d.). PLAN DE GOBIERNO DISTRITO DE VENTANILLA-CALLAO 2019-2022 . Accessed on September 10, 2024, [Source link] [Archive];
Comments and notes
Public Images
Photo from above the Bicentennial Park
Photo from above the Bicentennial Park
Peruvian Government
Photo from above the Bicentennial Park
Photo from above the Bicentennial Park
Peruvian Government