1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Palma de Mallorca
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Vias Parque (Vías verdes)
Short description of the intervention
The project takes the form of a proposal for greenways of transport in the city to integrate transport infrastructure into the environment and insular landscape. The Park Vias would include communication channels that integrate into the natural environment, taking advantage of the environmental aspects to enhance the attractiveness of the greenways (ref 1). There are three greenways that were proposed, one which was made on an unfinished previous train railway (ref 1) from Manacor to Artà (Ref 6). This greenway was constructed with several social inclusion elements, there is no information about the other four (Ref 1).
Address

Palma de Mallorca
Spain

Location
The NBS is situated in an area, with clear delineation of boundaries and a specific shape (polygon). The NBS project can also have more than one area location (more than one polygon, situated close by).
Area boundary
POINT (3.208012 39.569617)
POINT (3.348964 39.691398)
POINT (3.022628 39.769562)
POINT (2.648137 39.577606)
Total area
29000.00m²
NBS area
29000.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Other
Please specify “other type of area” before implementation of the NBS
Train railways, highways.
Website of the intervention
https://www.conselldemallorca.cat/media/21469/MEMORIACAST/06.pdf
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2008
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
in planning stage
End date of the intervention
unknown
Present stage of the intervention
Completed and archived or cancelled
Please specify "other" stage of the intervention
The project was proposed as part of the City Plan (2006) but no actual development projects referring back to it have taken place. (ref 1)
Goals of the intervention
There are two roads where the concept of greenway park will be developed, using the existent highways and maintaining the setting of the two lanes but giving the greenway the elements that improve its environmental quality (Ref 1).
-Respond to the absence of elements characteristic of the predominantly tourist routes.
-Need to protect large areas of the island for the environmental quality of the island.
-Planing flexibility for how to design each of the “Park Ways".
-Fit into the strategies of the Territorial Plan by achieving a balanced growth of the island compatible with the preservation of the natural environment and the management of limited natural resources.
-Dimensioning, design and location of infrastructures as support elements to the structuring of the territory of the island. (ref 1)
Quantitative targets
Finish the 2 proposed prototypes of Park Greenways: Via Parque Aeropuerto and Via Parque Norte-Sur, and one green highway that serves as support for connection (Ref 1).
Monitoring indicators defined
unknown
Sustainability challenge(s) addressed
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Green space creation and/or management
Regeneration, land-use and urban development
Conversion of former industrial areas
Promote natural styles of landscape design for urban development
Implementation activities
The intervention must begin with a phase of plan of the network, with a goal to have the start of the project before 2008. (ref 1)
Integrate transportation infrastructure in the midst of the landscape by constructing two greenway parks and one green highway (they can take the shape of roads, paths, cycle routes).


Type of NBS project
Creation of new green areas
Transformation of previously derelict areas
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
Railroad bank and track greens
Parks and urban forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Green corridors and green belts
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
unknown
Vegetation Type
Trees
Garden beds
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Amenities offered by the NBS
Unknown
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Tourism
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Citizens or community groups
Governance
Governance arrangements
Government-led
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The local government proposed the plan in the context of the Regional Plan. (ref 1)
Key actors - initiating organization
National government
Regional government
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Regional government
Local government/municipality
Citizens or community group
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Unknown
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The intervention prototype is proposed in the Mallorca Territorial Plan, a regional plan for development. (ref 1)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Spatial planning guidance
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
The Territorial Plan for Mallorca is a planning document for the region, and the document through which this intervention was proposed. (ref 1)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Municipal / city level environmental plan or programme
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The Park Ways of Spain network is a resource that gathers the Park Ways of Spain as itineraries for future visitors. (ref 2 and 3)

The European Association for Green Ways is a larger continental network of green ways that provides information for outdoor tourism. (ref 4)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The plan includes a strategy to diversify funding as much as possible, combining local investment with corporate sponsorship, and potential EU funds. (ref 1)
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Unknown
Financing
Total cost
Unknown
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Unknown
Source(s) of funding
EU funds
Public regional budget
Corporate investment
Type of fund(s) used
Earmarked public budget
Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Business models
Green densification model
Vacant space model
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Public actor (e.g. municipality)
Type of innovation
Social
Policy innovation
Please specify social innovation
The Park Ways project proposes flexible policy innovation that would allow towns in the region the planing flexibility for how to design each of the “Park Ways.” The proposed action seeks to address an absence of urban development merged with environmental priorities through the action of proposed policy. (ref 1)

Novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Replicability/Transferability
The innovation is not referred to as being transferred to new initiative(s)
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Environmental impacts
Green space and habitat
Increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems
Increase in protected green space areas
Reduced biodiversity loss
Please specify other economic impact
Description of environmental benefits
The greenway includes bike parking, information about Xarxa Natura 2000, and information about the plants and animals in the area. (Ref 2)
There is the planting of different types of plants (Ref 1).
Economic impacts
Unknown
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Social and cultural impacts
Social justice and cohesion
Improved access to urban green space
Increased opportunities for social interaction
Health and wellbeing
Gain in activities for recreation and exercise
Education
Increased knowledge of locals about local nature
Description of social and cultural benefits
The corridor explains about the Xanxa Natura 2000, and about the plants and animals of the area. Also, it aims to be built to attract people with different vulnerabilities, including disabled people, children and elderly groups (Ref 2).
Type of reported impacts
Expected impacts
Indicators
Unknown
Environmental, social and economic impacts
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Regeneration, land-use and urban development
Sustainable consumption and production (SDG 12)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
No information available
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of July 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
No evidence in public records
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Unknown
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Web links relevant to the intervention
Vias Parque in Plan territorial de Mallorca
Verde Manacor-Arta
Vias Verdes
Green Ways.
V.V. Manacor-Artá
5 Vías Verdes para disfrutar a pie, en bicicleta, patines y a caballo
List of references
1. Consell de Mallorca. (n.d.) “Vias Parque” in Plan territorial de Mallorca. Palma de Mallorca: Consell de Mallorca. Pg. 125-128. Available at: http://www.conselldemallorca.net/media/21469/MEMORIACAST/06.pdf (Accessed 28 July 2020)
2. Arta Mallorca. (n.d.) Via Verde Manacor-Arta. Palma de Mallorca: Artà. Available at: http://www.artamallorca.travel/es/conocer-arta/34/deportes-via-verde-manacor-arta (Accessed 28 July 2020)
3. Vias Verdes Espana. (2017). Vias Verdes. Madrid: Fundación de los Ferrocarriles Españoles. Available at: http://www.viasverdes.com/ (Accessed 28 July 2020)
4. European Greenways Association. (2017). Green Ways. Madrid: Association européenne des Voies vertes AISBL. Available at: http://www.aevv-egwa.org/ (Accessed 28 July 2020)
5. Serveis Ferroviaris de Mallorca (2020). V.V. Manacor-Artá. Palma de Mallorca: Fundación de los Ferrocarriles Españoles. Available at: https://www.viasverdes.com/itinerarios/itinerario.asp?id=121 (Accessed 6 August 2020)
6. Sánchez, E. (2020). 5 Vías verdes para disfrutar a pie, en bicicleta, patines y a caballo. Palma de Mallorca: Consumer. Available at: https://www.consumer.es/medio-ambiente/vias-verdes-pie-bicicleta-patines-caballo.html (Accessed 6 August 2020)
Comments and notes
Additional insights
The proposal for the Park Ways states, “The quality demanded by these types of roads entails higher construction costs, That as many sources of financing as possible should be sought, without excluding the collaboration of the private sector. For their presentation as innovative ways, funding from the European Union through the Fifth Program Framework R + D may be sought, or any other rural development or environmental protection program.” (ref 1)