1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Saint Petersburg
Region
Asia
Native title of the NBS intervention
Озеленение сквера на улице Марата, 25
Short description of the intervention
Once empty paved area between the houses on Marat Street in St. Petersburg now has been turned into a cosy green garden [4, 5, 6]. The project was developed by a group of students and initiated by the Green Petersburg Foundation, Plants for Friends, "Vladimirsky" Municipal District and others [1, 3, 4, 5]. The square landscaping project contributes to the city's adaption to climate change, a need to increase urban green zones, reducing excessive heat and rainfall levels, and the creation of habitat for birds, among others [3]. The square acquired the concept of a harmonious combination of natural motives and the mood of the Russian landscape [4].
Address

Marat street, 25
Saint Petersburg
191025
Russia

Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Please specify “other type of area” before implementation of the NBS
According to the Green Petersburg fund, over time no work has been carried out on the selected site since the collapse of the USSR; the site was abandoned and partially converted into an illegal parking zone [9].
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2019
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2020
End date of the intervention
2020
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
- To contribute to the city's adaption to climate change, by creating new urban green zones that can help in reducing excessive heat and rainfall levels [3];
- To increase the number of green spaces in the central districts of the city of St. Petersburg which can help to reduce air pollution [1, 3];
- Use plants that are resistant to the urban environment, do not require complex maintenance, and are decorative throughout all seasons [4];
- Reconstruction of the square, abandoned after the collapse of the USSR, into an urban recreation area for citizens [5];
- To unite and coordinate the efforts of residents, businesses and the authorities of St. Petersburg in their desire to green the city and make it healthier [3];
- Take all possible steps to create a competent system for the care and protection of plants and animals at the city and municipal levels [3].
- Creation of habitat for birds [3].
Quantitative targets
Fundraising for project implementation - 140,000.00 RUB (1,686.00 EUR)
* Exchange rate: 1 EUR = 83.021 RUB (as of October 11, 2021 https://www.exchangerates.org.uk/EUR-RUB-exchange-rate-history.html)
Monitoring indicators defined
Unknown
Climate change adaptation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
- Through negotiations with the local authorities, a plot of land was selected for the project, which will be available to all citizens, and not only to residents of a separate courtyard [1, 7];
- According to the recommendations of the Alekseevskaya Dubrava plant nursery, a list of plant species was compiled that would best suit the urban environment [1, 2];
- A working group was created, which assessed the number of resources required for the implementation of the project, and also monitored the proper implementation of the project throughout the entire period [4];
- The "Green Petersburg" Foundation has opened a fundraiser for the collection of financial resources for the project [1, 4];
- Residents of nearby houses and initiators of the action decided together where the borders of the territory would lie, approved the layout of plants and their final assortment [4];
- The project was coordinated in the format of online meetings and live meetings of the working group [4].
- On September 5, 2020, a public event was organized, where people were invited for cleaning the territory and planting trees, shrubs and flowers in the park on Marat Street, 25 [1, 2, 4, 5, 6];
- Each variety of plants in the park was signed on the nameplate of the nursery with a QR code by the link of which guests of the park can learn more interesting information about the plant [1, 5];
- The project partners actively promoted the project before, during and after its completion, thereby involving new people in the landscaping of the city of St. Petersburg and increasing awareness of the lack of green spaces in the city [1, 4, 5, 8].
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Two maple trees and 15 species of deciduous shrubs and herbaceous perennials [1, 4]
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Benches and plant nameplates with QR codes
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Local climate regulation (temperature reduction)
Air quality regulation
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Recreation
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Citizens or community groups
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The roles of stakeholders [1, 4, 8]:
- Lead project implementers: "Green Petersburg" fund and "Plants for Friends" shop;
- Project developers: a group of SPbGASU students under the guidance of professor Nadezhda Kerimova;
- Plants providers: Alekseevskaya Dubrava plant nursery and YADRO group of companies;
- Project site approved by: "Vladimirsky" Municipal District authorities;
- Other project partners: "Bushe" cake shop, residents of nearby neighbourhoods, volunteers.
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Researchers/university
Citizens or community group
District/neighbourhood association
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
No
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Unknown
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The Green Petersburg Fund united the efforts of city activists and volunteers and created the green movement in St. Petersburg. Their main goal is to increase the green spaces in the city, which have a beneficial effect on both the ecology of the city and the health state of its residence. [3, 9]
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
Total cost
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Total budged of the project is 140,000.00 RUB (1,686.00 EUR)
*Exchange rate: 1 EUR = 83.021 RUB (as of October 11, 2021 https://www.exchangerates.org.uk/EUR-RUB-exchange-rate-history.html)
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Business models
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Please specify social innovation
The project was developed by an innovative citizen-led approach, through a group of students and initiated by the Green Petersburg Foundation, Plants for Friends, "Vladimirsky" Municipal District and others [1, 3, 4, 5].

Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The project developers have been referring to other greening projects such as New Holland, Karpovka River Embankment, Zaryadye Park [7].
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Short term environmental impacts:
- The square landscaping project served to showcase how the central district of the city with very dense buildings and small courtyards might look like if nature features will be added into city planning [4, 6];
- Step-by-step planning and careful selection of plants that are resistant to the urban environment and the changing seasons allowed not only to add a new green space in the city but also to ensure the long-term preservation of this place [1, 4];
- In the greened square, local residents installed feeders for city birds, thereby supporting biodiversity [3].
- The organizers moved away from the traditional path of gardening and did not stop at only petunias and marigolds, which can be found in almost every Russian courtyard. Referring to examples of high-quality gardening in modern public spaces, they considered aesthetic and high-quality plants from nurseries: spirea, astilbe, volzhanka dioica, wild reed grass and others. [7]
- The project also focused on a previously derelict area, that lacked proper management and maintenace.

Long-term environmental impacts:
- The project implementers hope that this project, as well as future similar projects, will contribute to improving the quality of urban air, natural temperature regulation, creation of habitat for city animals and increase plant variety [3, 9].
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Description of social and cultural benefits
- The project brought together the interests and strengths of several stakeholders actively fighting for the greening of the city of St. Petersburg [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
- Promotion of the project by all of the partners involved in the project implementation has helped to engage city residence and volunteers into greening processes [1, 4, 5, 8];
- Residents of nearby neighbourhoods actively participated in the project by co-managing the project site works (decided on-site limits, plants variations, fundraising, dates of events, etc.) [4].
- The installed nameplates with QR-code help the guests of the square to get acquainted and expand their knowledge of the plants [1, 5].
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Number of volunteers participated in the landscaping (about 100) [1];
Number of deciduous shrubs and herbaceous perennials (15 species) [1].
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
- At a mass event for cleaning and planting plants in the square, people were asked to wear gloves and masks as required during a pandemic [7];
- Roman Pevzner, commercial director of the "Bushe" cake shop, said that the company wanted to support the project financially and become an investor but the pandemic changed their plans. As a result, Bushe acted as an information partner of the initiative but they consider investment in future projects [4].
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. Green Petersburg Fund (2020). Landscaping of the park on Marat street, 25. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://www.ozelenimvse.ru/page12348043.html;
2. Aliyeva S. (2020). Green Petersburg activists have planted a park on Marat Street. Online magazine Sobaka.ru. This is how it was. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://www.sobaka.ru/city/society/115085;
3. Green Petersburg Fund (2020). Green St. Petersburg. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://docviewer.yandex.kz/view/0/?page=1&*=%2FxLSB%2Bh9yYnBoOpJ3L3st7bf9WZ7InVybCI6InlhLWRpc2stcHVibGljOi8vbGNJN2xjMUM2WUtMZmFqb0srTDFhRFVYdk0yeDZEeTVOZExBbC9TK01SdFE3NFZWN09TZHFWYUxHMm54NzZuZnEvSjZicG1SeU9Kb25UM1ZvWG5EYWc9PSIsInRpdGxlIjoi0KTQvtC90LQg0JfQtdC70LXQvdGL0Lkg0J%2FQtdGC0LXRgNCx0YPRgNCzLnBkZiIsIm5vaWZyYW1lIjpmYWxzZSwidWlkIjoiMCIsInRzIjoxNjMxNTYxMDY3NTU3LCJ5dSI6IjI2NzcwMTM1MjE1Njk5NjMzOTkifQ%3D%3D&nosw=1;
4. Morozova K. (2020). What will be the new green space on Marata Street at the site of a spontaneous parking lot?. Online magazine Sobaka.ru. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://www.sobaka.ru/city/city/113796;
5. Stream Piter Blog (2021). Landscaping of the park on Marat street, 25. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://www.streamjournal.ru/post/%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5-%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0-25;
6. Yeliseyeva M. (2020). Flowers and trees were planted in an unnamed public garden on Marat Street. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://spbvedomosti.ru/news/gorod/v-bezymyannom-skvere-na-ulitse-marata-posadili-tsvety-i-derevya/;
7. Gladkih D. (2020). The Green Petersburg Fund will beautify the park opposite the Arctic and Antarctic Museum. There will be new plants. Online magazine Sobaka.ru. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://www.sobaka.ru/city/city/114967;
8. Plants for Friends (n/d). Square on Marat street, 25. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://plantsforfriends.ru/#rec288456893;
9. Green Petersburg Fund (n/d). What happened to the city. Accessed on October 11, 2021, https://www.ozelenimvse.ru/.
Comments and notes
Additional insights
Two maples were added to the rowan, cherry, and birch trees that have been already growing on the site [4]. The Alekseevskaya Dubrava plant nursery and the YADRO group of companies provided seedlings of 15 species of deciduous shrubs and herbaceous perennials, resistant to urban conditions, for planting in the square [1]. The park was decorated with astilba, sedum, spirea, pike, berry and other plants grown in the Alekseevskaya Dubrava nursery [1].
The organizers moved away from the traditional path of gardening and did not stop at only petunias and marigolds, which can be found in almost every Russian courtyard. Referring to examples of high-quality gardening in modern public spaces, they considered aesthetic and high-quality plants from nurseries: spirea, astilbe, volzhanka dioica, wild reed grass and others. [7]
Public Images
Image
Nameplates of plants with QR codes
Nameplates of plants with QR codes
https://www.ozelenimvse.ru/page12348043.html
Image
Public planting event of the square on Marat street
Public planting event of the square on Marat street
https://www.ozelenimvse.ru/page12348043.html