1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Sekondi-Takoradi
Region
Africa
Short description of the intervention
The revitalization and conservation of the Butuah Wetlands work started in 2020 by a Ghanian NGO, called Friends of the Nations, in collaboration with some public institutions and an American charitable foundation that makes small grants to grassroots environmental causes around the world. In the past, the wetland has been a major flood reservoir that channelled excess water from different parts of the metropolis into the sea as well as a beacon of biodiversity. The weak monitoring regime of this wetland has led to massive encroachments by both private and industrial developers, therefore, causing biodiversity depletion and contributing negatively to climate change. (1)
Address

Sekondi-Takoradi
Ghana

Area boundary
POINT (-1.7576546968616 4.8912654615325)
POINT (-1.7520659730417 4.8859434096413)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
Map of the Butuah wetland and its spatial structure. Map was was taken from Aheto, D. W.1, Mensah, E., Aggrey-Fynn, J., Obodai, E. A., Mensah, C. J., Okyere, I., and Aheto, S. P. K. "Spatio-temporal analysis of two coastal wetland systems in Ghana: Addressing ecosystem vulnerability and implications for fisheries development in the context of climate and land use changes", in Archives of Applied Science Research, 2011, 3 (3):499-513,

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265163334_Spatio-temporal_analysis_of_two_coastal_wetland_systems_in_Ghana_Addressing_ecosystem_vulnerability_and_implications_for_fisheries_development_in_the_context_of_climate_and_land_use_changes
Total area
687966.00m²
NBS area
687966.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2020
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2020
End date of the intervention
ongoing
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
Located in the New Takoradi part of the city, in the past the Butuah wetlands were very rich in biodiversity with respect to its fisheries, shrubs, and herbs species. Over time, due to heavy siltation, its aquatic life has been affected with phytoplankton and zooplankton communities experiencing low levels relative to its biodiversity. Additionally, the past development of industrial oil tank farms had already affected the biological setting of the wetland environment. Based on the above, the goals of the intervention include:
1. Cleaning and dredging of solid and liquid waste (petroleum tank farms and household waste) the mouth of the wetland to provide fresh water and improve the aquatic flora and fauna;
2. Stop human encroachment through legislation and therefore reduce water pollution (oil spillage);
3. Increase and conserve the fisheries population - 70% of Ghana's fish use wetlands as nurseries;
4. Raise awareness of climate change and environmental behaviour with the local population;
5. Prevent flooding (1,2,3);
4. Raise the environmental resilience of the nearby city by restoring the wetland that has carbon sequestration potential (4).
Quantitative targets
Improving the quality of life for approx. 9,000 people (residents of the Adiembra neighbourhood which hosts the wetland) (4)
Monitoring indicators defined
Number of people impacted by the intervention (4)
Climate change mitigation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Climate change mitigation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Implementation activities
In March 2020 Friends of the Nation (FoN) NGO organised a stakeholder meeting to advocate the revitalisation of the Butuah Wetlands at Adiembra a suburb in Sekondi. Representatives of the local municipality and the Environmental Protection Agency were present. Shortly the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly (STMA) cleaned the area from household waste. (3)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Blue infrastructure
Coastal wetland, mangroves and salt marshes
Vegetation Type
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Carbon storage/sequestration
Flood regulation
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Public sector institution (e.g. school or hospital)
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Citizens or community groups
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The NBS is an intervention initiated by the Friends of the Nation NGO with support from the Global Greengrants Fund, USA and in collaboration with relevant State Agencies such as The Ghana Tourism Authority, Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly, Wild Life Division of the Forestry Commission, Land Use and Spatial Planning Authority and the surrounding fringe communities. FoN developed the plan of the restoration alongside the other stakeholders however some of the implementation activities were carried on by the local municipality and some local community clubs. (1)
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Public sector institution
Non-government organisation/civil society
Citizens or community group
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly (STMA) issued a ban on fishing in the wetland in 2011. STMA's Term Development Plan (2014-2017) also mentions the enforcement of by-laws to protect wetlands and mangroves and promotes a close collaboration in educational awareness between FoN and STMA. (5,6)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify other vegetation type
Trees were not planted, however, the surrounding areas of the wetland were cleaned (1)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
No
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
Total cost
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
No costs were disclosed.
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Type of non-financial contribution
Business models
Type of innovation
Please specify social innovation
The intervention is ongoing, however, it was hinted when the NBS was starting to get implemented that “it is crucial for authorities to develop coastal zone management policies to foster economic growth, and these wetlands can be developed into tourist sites rather”. Stakeholders continue to put pressure on the local authorities in order to issue a protective, hybrid type of policy that can combine the economic needs of the area with the severity posed by the climatic changes. (3)
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
It is ambiguous if the intervention was copied from other actions, but it is sufficient to say that the NGO that initiated it was involved over the years in protecting the environment in the city. This is a coastal city and other wetlands are displayed along the shores - it is most probable that similar interventions happened, however, the sources gathered for this NBS do not mention any. (5)
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
The NBS is ongoing, however, some results were noted:
1. Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly dredged and cleansed the mouth of the Butuah lagoon of solid waste to improve sea and freshwater exchange.
2.The NBS successfully influenced Regulatory Agencies to take decisive actions to halt the reclamation of portions of the wetland for private economic gain wherein an instance an illegal developer was asked to ‘stop work’. (1)
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Description of social and cultural benefits
The NBS is ongoing, however, some results were noted:
The capacities of teachers of local school clubs were strengthened in relation to the values and functions of wetlands and their contribution to reducing climate change. (1)
The Ghana Tourism Authority and the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly have committed to producing an Ecotourism Master Plan of the area with the involvement of stakeholders and communities.(1)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Indicators were not made public.
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Regarding the Covid 19 pandemic, no information was provided (as of September 2021).
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. FoN (2020), Revitalization and Conservation of the Butuah Wetlands Initiative, available at https://fonghana.org/butuah-wetlands/ (accessed 13.09.2021)
2. Ghana News Agency (2020), Friends of the Nation erects billboard to protect Butuah Wetlands, available at https://www.gna.org.gh/1.18676305 (accessed 13.09.2021)
3. Ghana News Agency (2020), Stakeholders call for resuscitation of Butuah wetlands, available at https://www.gna.org.gh/1.17280611 (accessed 13.09.2021)
4. FoN (2020), Media Engagement on Revitalization of Butuah Wetland, available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d75o3jwx8zw, (accessed 13.09.2021)
5. Resource Centre Network Ghana (2021), FoN supporting STMA to enact byelaws to protect wetlands, available at https://www.washghana.net/node/206, (accessed 13.09.2021)
6. STMA (2014), Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly - Final Draft Medium –Term Development Plan (2014-2017), available at https://new-ndpc-static1.s3.amazonaws.com/CACHES/PUBLICATIONS/2016/04/16/WR_Sekondi-Takoradi+Metro_2014-2017+MTDP.pdf, (accessed 13.09.2021)
Comments and notes
Additional insights
The Butuah wetlands are located in the heart of Sekondi Takoradi Metropolis.
Public Images
Image
View of the wetland prior to NBS
View of the wetland prior to NBS
https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Sekondi-Takoradi-Metropolitan-Assembly-develops-wetland-672565
Image
Aerial view of the wetland
https://fonghana.org/butuah-wetlands/