1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Århus
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Bispetorvet: From car park to urban space (Bispetorvet i forandring)
Short description of the intervention
The City Council transformed Bispetorve, from a public square, to a green urban space in the autumn of 2015 - available for a wide range of events and experiences - designed to attract life and activity. Bispetorvet was aimed to also play an important role as an attractive crossroads between Strøget, Store Torv, the new harbour area, light railway stop at Skolebakken and the harbour front car parks.” (Ref. 1)
Address

Bispetorvet,
8000 Århus
Denmark

Area boundary
POINT (10.209636 56.156852)
POINT (10.211438 56.156566)
POINT (10.210175 56.156084)
POINT (10.20926 56.156566)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Bispetorvet,+8000+Aarhus,+Denmark/@56.1564215,10.2098396,121m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m8!1m2!2m1!1sBispetorvet!3m4!1s0x464c3f96d4b1daf9:0x325aad6cdff73d68!8m2!3d56.1565873!4d10.2104458?hl=en
Total area
9500.00m²
NBS area
9500.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2015
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2015
End date of the intervention
2016
Present stage of the intervention
Please specify "other" stage of the intervention
The City Council resolved to transform Bispetorvet on 12 August 2015, with help from the ‘Begrønningsplan for Aarhus Midtby 2004-2013’ (Making Aarhus City Centre Greener).
Transformation will be twin-tracked, where Track 1 is the physical transformation and Track 2 involves ensuring a high level of activity on Bispetorvet. (Ref. 1)
Due to the lack of information about the completion of the project and only this information from references in years prior to 2016 it cannot be concluded definitively that the project has accomplished stated goals though it was supposed to be completed in 2016. But based on Google map images as of 2020 it looks complete.
Goals of the intervention
Aarhus aims to be an attractive city to live in, with plenty of green urban spaces. (Ref. 3)
The objectives are:
- A green and attractive Bispetorvet, that invites visitors to linger
- An urban space with a wide range of events and opportunities for public participation
- A visually attractive crossroads, with easy access for pedestrians from some of the most popular areas of the city centre (Ref. 2)
Also, the place will act as a meeting place for residents and council workers for the Smag på Aarhus and Grønt Medborgerskab projects (Taste Aarhus and Green City Residents). (Ref. 1)
The goal of the transformation has been to create an urban space that will attract life and activity and that will be open for a wide range of arrangements. The wishes that crystallized from the process were wishes of green urban space, with room for both large scale and small scale events and where several activities can take place side by side so to speak. (Ref 7)

Quantitative targets
Unknown
Monitoring indicators defined
Unknown
Implementation activities
To realise the potential of Bispetorvet, car parking on the square and through traffic will be banned. Motorists will be directed to the other city centre car parks, where capacity has been increased to a total of 825 spaces. (Ref. 1)

Plants, trees and seating areas have replaced cars to make Bispetorvet an attractive place to be in the centre of Aarhus. By focusing on events and opportunities for public participation with local stakeholders, Bispetorvet will become a lively and attractive urban space. (Ref. 3)

The project works with three characteristic groves of trees held together by a slanting, undulating wooden deck that allows for both sitting resting and play. The profile of the deck evens the natural slant of the square and creates areas that can be used for outdoor cafes, seating in connection with performances or for children sledding in winter. The lower edge of the deck has been designed in a shape that creates little niches for more quiet activities on the big square. (Ref 7)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown. 3 groves mentioned. (Ref 7)
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
The intervention will create a green ‘embassy’, to act as a meeting place for residents and council workers for the Smag på Aarhus and Grønt Medborgerskab projects ('Taste Aarhus' and 'Green City Residents' projects). (Ref. 1)
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Inspiration for culture, art and design
Recreation
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Other
Please specify other non-government actors involved
Neighbouring shops and businesses (Ref 7)
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The City Council resolved to transform Bispetorvet on 12 August 2015, with help from the ‘Begrønningsplan for Aarhus Midtby 2004-2013’ (Making Aarhus City Centre Greener).
Architects Schønherr and the City Council have devised the transformation plan with input from key stakeholders in the area.
(Ref. 1)
The municipality of Aarhus has decided to test the possibilities of an urban transformation in collaboration with Schønherr, citizens of Aarhus, and the neighbouring shops and institutions. (Ref 7)
Key actors - initiating organization
Please specify other Key actors - Other stakeholders involved
Neighbouring shops and businesses (Ref 7)
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Citizens or community group
Other
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The City Council resolved to transform Bispetorvet on 12 August 2015, with help from the ‘Begrønningsplan for Aarhus Midtby 2004-2013’ (Making Aarhus City Centre Greener). (Ref. 1)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The ‘Begrønningsplan for Aarhus Midtby 2004-2013’ (Making Aarhus City Centre Greener). (Ref. 1) The concepts included are: CO2-neutral, Attractive city, Water and climate adaptation, Growth, and New partnerships. (Ref. 3)
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
Plants (Ref 3)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The intervention will create a green ‘embassy’, to act as a meeting place for residents and council workers for the Smag på Aarhus and Grønt Medborgerskab projects ('Taste Aarhus' and 'Green City Residents' projects). (Ref. 1)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
579 000 EUR (Ref 2)
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
The City Council has allocated around 579 000 EUR (5.79 million DKK) for the transformation of Bispetorvet. (Ref. 2)
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Type of non-financial contribution
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
Please specify other environmental impact
"mitigate the effects of climate changes". (Ref. 6)
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Please specify social innovation
Recreational; a meeting place for residents and council workers for the Smag på Aarhus and Grønt Medborgerskab projects (Taste Aarhus and Green City Residents). (Ref. 1)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Other projects have been carried out within the 'begrønningsplanen for Århus Midtby' (Making Aarhus City Centre Greener), e.g. a tree planting intervention from 2007 to 2009. (Ref. 4, 5)
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
The project works with three characteristic groves of trees held together by a slanting, undulating wooden deck that allows for both sitting resting and play. (Ref 7)
The trees planted in the city "generally contributes to better air quality; green spaces increase the urban biodiversity; and mitigate the effects of climate changes". (Ref. 6)
Description of economic benefits
The profile of the deck evens the natural slant of the square and creates areas that can be used for outdoor cafes (Ref 7)
Description of social and cultural benefits
The profile of the deck evens the natural slant of the square and creates areas that can be used for outdoor cafes, seating in connection with performances or for children sledding in winter. . The lower edge of the deck has been designed in a shape that creates little niches for more quiet activities on the big square. (Ref 7)
The intervention will create a green ‘embassy’, to act as a meeting place for residents and council workers for the Smag på Aarhus and Grønt Medborgerskab projects ('Taste Aarhus' and 'Green City Residents' projects). (Ref. 1)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Creating a meeting place for residents and council workers. (Ref. 1)
Trees have been planted, the work has been done in consultation with e.g. residents, neighbours. The trees planted in the city "generally contributes to better air quality; green spaces increase the urban biodiversity; and mitigate the effects of climate changes". (Ref. 6)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Please specify other method used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
An important part of the process has been openness and shared ownership and free discussions. The proposal for the transformation of the area has been in close dialogue with stakeholders, neighbours, and businesses in the area. (Ref. 6, 7)
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
No information available as of 20 September 2020
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
Yes
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown.
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Please specify other modes of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
An important part of the process has been openness and shared ownership and free discussions. The proposal for the transformation of the area has been in close dialogue with stakeholders, neighbours, and businesses in the area. (Ref. 6, 7)
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
Ref. 1. City of Aarhus (2016) From car park to urban space. Projects. Information obtained: 2017-06-25. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 2. City of Aarhus (2016) Read more. Projects. Information obtained: 2017-06-25. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 3. City of Aarhus (2016) From car park to urban space. Targets. Information obtained: 2017-06-25. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 4. Århus Kommune (2004) Begrønning af Århus Midtby Perioden 2004 - 2013: 1. etape. Naturforvaltningen. Source: http://docplayer.dk/15921775-Begroenning-af-aarhus-midtby-perioden-2004-2013-1-etape.html [Accessed 20 September 2020]
Ref. 5. Aarhus kommune (2007) Begrønning af Århus Midtby, 2. etape - anlægsbevilling på 3,5 mio. kr. til træplantning. Natur og Miljø. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 6. Aarhus kommune (2015) Omdannelse af Bispetorvet. Indstilling. Teknik og Miljø. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 7. Archello (2020) Bispetorvet. Source: https://archello.com/project/bispetorv-bishops-square-aarhus [Accessed 20 September 2020]
Comments and notes
Public Images
Image
Bispetorv Square
Bispetorv Square
https://schonherr.dk/aktuelt/?p=4952
Please specify other source of non-financial contribution
The municipality of Aarhus has decided to test the possibilities of an urban transformation in collaboration with Schønherr, citizens of Aarhus, and the neighbouring shops and institutions. (Ref 7)