1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Århus
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Green and blue culture street (Grønt og blåt kulturstrøg)
Short description of the intervention
“Frederiksgade gets new and climate-friendly life. Aarhus will be the European City of Culture in 2017, by which time Frederiksgade, running between the river and City Hall, will become an attractive street enhanced by water and greenery in the city centre. The makeover has been possible by innovative, focused collaboration between municipal departments, businesses with widely differing expertise and the owners and tenants of the street itself.” (Ref. 1, 12)
Address

Frederiksgade
Århus
Denmark

Area boundary
POINT (10.204326 56.1546)
POINT (10.206836 56.156596)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Frederiksgade+53,+8000+Aarhus,+Denmark/@56.1549884,10.202609,484m/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x464c3f93cf683743:0xc14ad4f4189a76b9!8m2!3d56.1549884!4d10.2047977
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2013
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2014
End date of the intervention
2017
Present stage of the intervention
Please specify "other" stage of the intervention
The Council adopted a proposal to 'support the development of Frederiksgade' in June 2013. Frederiksgade is also part of City of Culture 2017. (Ref. 1)
The structural elements of the project are expected to be started in 2016, to be ready for the City of Culture year in 2017. (Ref. 2)
Goals of the intervention
"Renovation makes Frederiksgade green and attractive. Sound, light, water and culture. These are the basics of the extensive renovation project for Frederiksgade, already well under way. Better use of rainwater to provide recreational features with room for culture and nature will attract more shoppers and prepare the street for the climate challenges of the future." (Ref. 3) On the outside, Frederiksgade will act as a beacon for the city's ambitions to become CO2-neutral without compromising the comfort of its residents or limiting opportunities for growth for businesses. (Ref. 1)

The vision is that there must be running, visible and audible water in Frederiksgade. Not unmotivated on the street, but in fine canals that give the street a recreational and attractive feel, which is very special in relation to what you find elsewhere in the city, says project manager Tina Fredsted from Aarhus Municipality. (Ref 9)

Frederiksgade must have a green and blue, environmentally friendly profile. It will be a street where facades are greened and the water trickles down the hill towards Aarhus Å. (Ref 10)
Quantitative targets
Among other things, Aarhus aims to reduce its CO2 emissions by 2% each year until 2030 (with regards to Frederiksgade acting as a beacon for the city's ambitions to become CO2-neutral by 2030). (Ref. 4)
Monitoring indicators defined
% of CO2 emissions each year until 2030 and become CO2-neutral by 2030 (Ref. 4)
Implementation activities
“Preserving the street brought the various factions together in a project entitled as "Det blå-grønne kulturstrøg i Aarhus" (blue/green culture street). The green element consists of flower beds and creeper vegetation on facades and over the street. When it rains, 'blue' water will be channelled through the street in a decorative duct, instead of down into the overloaded sewers.

It involves i.a. an open water canal that runs from the start of the street at the town hall and all the way down to Aarhus Å, various water elements such as green rain beds and interactive water jets that are activated when children move nearby. (Ref 12)

As such, the street solved several municipal requirements via a single project, such as water management, vegetation provision and preparing the city for extreme rainfall expected as a result of climate change. The project also demonstrated that creating growth and boosting revenues in a stagnating area of the city could act as a rallying point.”
(Ref. 1)
Please specify other type of green wall
unknown

NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Nature on buildings (external)
Green walls or facades
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
Green areas for water management
Rain gardens
Swales and filter strips
Sustainable urban drainage systems
Type of Green Wall
What is the level of innovation / development of the NBS related to water management?
Vegetation Type
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Flood regulation
Water purification / filtration
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Inspiration for culture, art and design
Recreation
Scale
Spatial scale
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Please specify other local relevant strategy
culture plan: Frederiksgade is also part of City of Culture 2017 (mentioned above). (Ref. 1)
Governance
Non-government actors
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The City Council adopted a proposal to support the development of Frederiksgade. (Ref. 1)
An 'OPI partnership' between a number of businesses, the City Council and local retailers is developing the Frederiksgade of the future. (Ref. 3)
Municipal partners: Nature and Environment (Climate Secretariat, Green Areas, Aquatic Environment and Agriculture), Planning and Buildings (City Planning Department, Urban Architecture, City Architect), Traffic and Roads, Culture and Citizens Services. (Ref. 2)
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Citizens or community group
Please specify other participatory methods
A Public/Private Innovation process (PPI), where the stakeholders and partners involved in the project proposed their ideas and attempted to resolve as many of the problems as possible with the minimum of expenditure. (Ref. 1)
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Yes
Please specify the "Regional Directive/Strategy"
Aarhus City will be the European City of Culture in 2017 and Frederiksgade is also part of City of Culture 2017. (Ref. 1)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The City Council adopted a proposal to 'support the development of Frederiksgade' in June 2013. (Ref. 1, 5)
Frederiksgade is also part of City of Culture 2017 (mentioned above). (Ref. 1)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
The ambitions to become CO2 neutral by 2030, i.e. ‘Aarhus CO2 neutral in 2030’ (where Frederiksgade will act as a beacon for the city's ambitions). (Ref. 1, 4)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
green rain beds and interactive water jets; flower beds and creeper vegetation on facades (Ref 12)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
"The project created value for the businesses involved that wanted to contribute to and benefit from the network and pooling of resources. The street project is part of City of Culture 2017, and will act as a showroom for innovative commercial solutions in a number of areas, including water management, sustainability, urban architecture and PPI partnerships." (Ref. 1)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
1 million EUR (Ref 1)
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Application and development work lasted two years, and cost 95 000 (950 000 DKK). The project applied for funds worth well over 1 million EUR (10 million DKK) from external sources. (Ref. 2)
Source(s) of funding
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
When it rains, 'blue' water will be channeled through the street in a decorative duct, instead of down into the overloaded sewers. (Ref. 1)
Please specify social innovation
Owners and tenants had sought ways to counter the trend of shops closing down in the wake of the financial crisis, and the City Council wanted to maintain the impetus of redevelopment and life in the city's streets. (Ref. 1)
The project also created value for the businesses involved that wanted to contribute to and benefit from the network and pooling of resources. (Ref. 1)
Will become an attractive street enhanced by water and greenery in the city centre. (Ref. 1)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Frederiksgade will be the new experimental cultural district in Aarhus. Aarhus Municipality (with Technology and Environment department at the forefront) works with the businessmen in Frederiksgade to create a "new" street course in the city center. (Ref. 6)
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
The results of the Public/Private Innovation process (PPI) can be applied to other, similar projects designed to combine recreational urban areas with climate change measures. The street project is part of City of Culture 2017, and will act as a showroom for innovative commercial solutions in a number of areas, including water management, sustainability, urban architecture and PPI partnerships.
(Ref. 1)
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Unknown if achieved as yet. The vision was that there must be running, visible and audible water in Frederiksgade. Not unmotivated on the street, but in fine canals that give the street a recreational and attractive feel, which is very special in relation to what you find elsewhere in the city, says project manager Tina Fredsted from Aarhus Municipality. (Ref 9) Frederiksgade must have a green and blue, environmentally friendly profile. It will be a street where facades are greened and the water trickles down the hill towards Aarhus Å. (Ref 10). It involves an open water canal that runs from the start of the street at the town hall and all the way down to Aarhus Å, various water elements such as green rain beds and interactive water jets that are activated when children move nearby. (Ref 12)
Description of economic benefits
Before the project Fredericksgade was known as a 'boring street'. This innovation was made to attract shoppers and businesses to the street. (Ref 11)

Owners and tenants had sought ways to counter the trend of shops closing down in the wake of the financial crisis, and the City Council wanted to maintain the impetus of redevelopment and life in the city's streets. (Ref. 1)
The project also created value for the businesses involved that wanted to contribute to and benefit from the network and pooling of resources. (Ref. 1)
Social and cultural impacts
Description of social and cultural benefits
achieved impacts:
Events and activities in the street during the Festival Week and Christmas 2012 and 2013 boosted turnover by 25%, and experiments with installing "water", trees and flowers on the street was very well received. (Ref. 2. 6).

:expected impacts:
Will become an attractive street enhanced by water and greenery in the city centre. (Ref. 1)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Events and activities in the street during the Festival Week and Christmas 2012 and 2013 boosted turnover by 25%, and experiments with installing "water", trees and flowers on the street was very well received. (Ref. 2. 6).

Part of the evaluation process includes “to analyze the number of people using the street, both in relation to the city's re-creative places of residence as well as trade in the street stores”. (Ref. 8)

Indicators: % of turnover annually; number of people using the street; savings regarding handling extreme rainfall. (Ref. 8)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of 14 September 2020.
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
Yes
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Arkitema drainage analysis Frederiksgade. (Ref. 7)
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Please specify other modes of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
"The PPI cooperation/partnership is a new working method, which establishes good cooperative relationships and experiences that can be further developed. There will naturally be challenges that can be sought through open dialogue and communication." (Ref. 8)
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Yes
Please specify
"The PPI cooperation/partnership is a new working method, which establishes good cooperative relationships and experiences that can be further developed. There will naturally be challenges that can be sought through open dialogue and communication." (Ref. 8)
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
Ref. 1. Aarhus Kommune(2016) Frederiksgade gets new and climate-friendly life. Projects. Information obtained: 2017-06-23. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 2. Aarhus Kommune (2016) Objectives. Projects. Information obtained: 2017-06-23. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 3. Aarhus Kommune (2016) Project: Frederiksgade revived with the climate in mind. Information obtained: 2017-06-23. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 4. Aarhus Kommune (n.d.) Aarhus CO2 neutral in 2030 - tackling climate change in ecocity Aarhus. Source: https://stateofgreen.com/en/ [Accessed on 14 September 2020]
Ref. 5. Aarhus Kommune (2013) Sag 40: Forslag fra S og SF’s byrådsgrupper om at støtte Frederiksgades fremtidige udvikling. Information obtained: 2017-06-23. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 6. Aarhus Kommune (2013) Frederiksgade skal være blå og grøn. Information obtained: 2017-06-23. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 7. Aarhus Kommune (2016) Arkitema. Arkitema Architects. Partnere. Information obtained: 2017-06-23. [Website not available in 2020]
Ref. 8. Fælles Pulje (2014) Ansøgningsskema Fælles Pulje: Det blå-grønne kulturstrøg i Aarhus. Innovation i Aarhus. Source: http://docplayer.dk/1518095-Ansoegningsskema-faelles-pulje.html [Accessed on 14 September 2020]
Ref. 9. Licitationen (2014) Soldrevet pumpe gør aarhusiansk gade blå. Source: https://www.licitationen.dk/article/view/172783/soldrevet_pumpe_gor_aarhusiansk_gade_bla [Accessed on 14 September 2020]
Ref. 10. Arhus Stifstidende (2014) Uenighed om redningsplan for Frederiksgade. Source: https://stiften.dk/artikel/uenighed-om-redningsplan-for-frederiksgade [Accessed on 14 September 2020]
Ref. 11. Arhus Stifstidende (2014) Frederiksgade kommer op igen. Source: https://stiften.dk/artikel/frederiksgade-kommer-op-igen [Accessed on 14 September 2020]
Ref. 12. Jyllands-Posten (2015) Porten til succes i Frederiksgade ligger i det grønne og blå. Source: https://jyllands-posten.dk/jpaarhus/ECE7849397/Porten-til-succes-i-Frederiksgade-ligger-i-det-grønne-og-blå/ [Accessed on 14 September 2020]
Comments and notes
Public Images
Image
Frederiksgade
https://jyllands-posten.dk/jpaarhus/ECE7849397/Porten-til-succes-i-Frederiksgade-ligger-i-det-grønne-og-blå/