1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Bremen
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Ab geht die Lucie - Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz
Short description of the intervention
Creation of the social garden by a coalition of multiple social actors in Bremen (citizens, NGOs, public institutions). The initiative was a self-organized grassroots project for urban development that aims at the creation of the green urban area for sustainable gardening and sustainable solutions. The project involved greenery plantings, growing vegetables and herbs, assembly of beehives, organization of educational and cultural events and workshops (Ref. 1, 4).
Address

Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz
28199 Bremen
Germany

Total area
10400.00m²
NBS area
10400.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
unknown
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2013
End date of the intervention
2013
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
Goals of the intervention: 1) To help in shaping the cityscape and the neighbourhood's living space; 2) To create a green area for the social interaction of people of different ages and different backgrounds; 3) To carry on ecologically sustainable gardening and to provide alternatives to our resource-intensive consumer society; 4)To promote sustainable and future-oriented urban development; 5) To provide educational activities for citizens; 6) To contribute to urban biodiversity (Ref. 1). Increase in biodiversity; Increase in the knowledge and practices of sustainable urban gardening; Increase in social integration (Ref. 1, 3).
Quantitative targets
Creating a community garden on an approximately 10,800 square meter site at the Westerstraße in the Neustadt district of Bremen (Ref. 4).
Monitoring indicators defined
Increase in access to the green urban area; are of site (m^2) (Ref. 1, 3).
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
Creating a community garden on an approximately 10,800 square meter site at the Westerstraße in the Neustadt district of Bremen (Ref. 4). Installing beehives; Planting flowers and greenery; Growing vegetables and herbs; Organizing various cultural activities and workshops, e.g. on the construction of bee boxes, cooking classes, musical events; Organizing a seasonal flea market and the garden café (Ref. 1, 3).
Type of NBS project
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Community gardens and allotments
Community gardens
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
Unknown
Vegetation Type
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Elevated platform containing beehives (Ref. 5). Mobile kitchen (Ref. 3).
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Regulating services
Pollination
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Other
Please specify "other cultural service"
Educational services.
Scale
Spatial scale
Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings)
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Non-government actors
Coalition with multiple of the above
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The project was developed by local residents and volunteers with the help of the local senior citizen home (Senior innenwohnheim), the neighbouring kindergarden (KiTa), with the support of the Advisory Board of Neustadt, the Bremer Bürgerstiftung, the community action "Creating playrooms" ("Spielräume schaffen") and the local Autonomous Architecture Atelier (Ref. 1).
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Public sector institution
Non-government organisation/civil society
Citizens or community group
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Please specify other type of voluntary intervention
Local actors developed the project on their own initiative (Ref. 1).
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Please specify
The local red-green government in Bremen wants to promote urban gardening and urban development, but there is no official strategy in place so far.(2)
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The cooperation of the different social actors on the project could be considered here. Moreover, the project's organizers developed the association "KulturPflanzen " which aims at the conversion of the square into a real garden (Ref. 4).
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The project receives donations from the individuals. It is also supported by the city of Bremen, which provided the land for the initiative (Ref. 4).
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
1 000 000 Euros (Ref. 4)
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
The square on which the project was developed was previously used as a commercial site and car park. The city of Bremen acquired the space of today's square and made it available to the population of Neustadt. The costs for the construction project amounted to one million euros, which were raised in equal parts by the local Department of Construction, Environment and Transport and the Department of Economy and Ports (Ref. 4).
Source(s) of funding
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Type of non-financial contribution
Business models
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Type of innovation
Please specify social innovation
The process of transformation of the concrete square into a social garden by citizens and volunteers was described by the City of Bremen as the first grassroots-democratic process of urban development. It could serve as a model for other urban gardening projects and for citizens' initiatives alike (Ref. 1).
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Green space and habitat:
-Increased green space area: community garden on an approximately 10,800 square meter site at the Westerstraße in the Neustadt district of Bremen, which was previously just concrete (Ref. 4)
-Increased protection of threatened species/Enhanced support of pollination: beehives have been installed on elevated platforms in order to provide protected habitat (Ref. 5).
Description of economic benefits
Increase in agricultural production (for profit or not): "We harvest Sunday gardening every week. At the end of the gardening, we divide the harvested vegetables among all those who helped to garden. Sometimes we still eat together on site or have vegetables planned for one of our harvest festivals. The harvest is a small reward for those who invest a large part of their free time in the garden" (Ref. 5).
Description of social and cultural benefits
Social justice and cohesion:
-Increased opportunities for social interaction: "We share an open, tolerant attitude. We want to tackle things and try things out together. Lucie should be fun for us, after all, we do everything voluntarily. To ensure that this succeeds, we make agreements and decisions together in the plenum and listen not only to our heads, but sometimes also to our gut feeling" (Ref. 5).
-Increased involvement of locals in the management of green spaces: "The concrete wasteland Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz, or Lucie for short, offers space the size of a football field. Gray on gray and properly concreted, Lucie was completely unused for 10 years. That has changed. The huge space belongs to everyone in Bremen and they want to use and design it - in self-organization!" (Ref. 5).
-Increased access to healthy/affordable food: "We harvest Sunday gardening every week. At the end of the gardening, we divide the harvested vegetables among all those who helped to garden. Sometimes we still eat together on site or have vegetables planned for one of our harvest festivals. The harvest is a small reward for those who invest a large part of their free time in the garden" (Ref. 5).
-Improvement of sustainable agriculture practices: The garden is signatory to the "Urban Gardening Manifesto" (Ref. 5). "Our goals are local food cultivation instead of global transport routes, participation and dialogue instead of social cold, recycling and upcycling instead of a throwaway society, and the promotion of biodiversity and adaptation to climate change through urban greenery" (Ref. 5).

Health and wellbeing:
-Gain in activities for recreation and exercise: the garden is run by volunteers, "Lucie invites people to rethink, to become active themselves and to work for sustainable and future-oriented urban development" (Ref. 5).

Cultural heritage and sense of place:
-Improvement in people’s connection to nature/Increased appreciation for natural spaces: "Through our practice-oriented events and the associated take up of diverse ecological topics, the participants experience a relationship to nature that can also be transferred to their everyday lives. This arouses interest in our environment, promotes environmental knowledge and natural and environmental protection as well as sustainability become a natural part of our lives" (Ref. 5).

Education
-Support education and scientific research/Increased knowledge of locals about local nature: "On the Lucie, children and young people have the opportunity, among other things, to understand how staple foods are made and the associated workload. Participation in our events makes ecological connections understandable and leads to a more appreciative handling of food and the direct living environment of the participants. Through our practice-oriented events and the associated take up of diverse ecological topics, the participants experience a relationship to nature that can also be transferred to their everyday lives. This arouses interest in our environment, promotes environmental knowledge and natural and environmental protection as well as sustainability become a natural part of our lives" (Ref. 5).
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Increased access to the green urban area; Increased biodiversity; Increased knowledge and practices of sustainable urban gardening; Increased social integration in the neighbourhood (Ref. 1, 3).
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
Yes
Please specify the negative impacts
There has been some concern regarding: "A group of addicts meets daily on the Lucie and at the neighboring Aldi. We know many of them personally by now and are engaged in a dialogue, although it is not always easy. In the past there were always conflicts between us and the "regulars", which revolved around garbage and dumping, wild peeing, volume and also the intensity of the group's presence and its influence on the atmosphere of the square. Lucie is a garden for everyone and the regular guests also have their place in the project. However, when the mood changes so much that other visitors avoid the Lucie and the sandpit due to the presence of the regular guests, a limit has been exceeded" (Ref. 5).
COVID-19 pandemic
"Wednesday April 15, 2020: CORONA UPDATE! What's up on the Lucie? Unfortunately we cannot hold gardening together on Sundays or our plenary session on Mondays at the moment."

"Tuesday April 28, 2020 ALL EVENTS CANCELED UNTIL AUGUST.
Due to the unclear situation with contact and hygiene regulations, we are canceling all planned events until the end of August 2020. The start of the season and the harvest festival will coincide in 2020 ...
That’s never happened before! (Hopefully never again!)"
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Please specify
As the project was developed and is managed by the local citizens and volunteers it is also informally monitored and evaluated by them, as they adjust the initiative and develop new ideas, activities, and workshops.(1)(3)
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. Ab geht die Lucie (2017). 'Ab geht die Lucie'. Available at: http://ab-geht-die-lucie.blogspot.hu/p/blog-page_10.html (Website not available in 2020).
2. Gruenes Bremen (n.d.). Bremen's urban gardening projects ('Bremens urban gardening-Projekte'). Available at: https://www.gruenes-bremen.de/urban-gardening-1/ (Accessed: October 22, 2020).
3. Fueler , R., (2017). "Ab goes the Lucie" starts in the fifth season. Available at: https://weserreport.de/2017/04/weser/sued/ab-geht-die-lucie-startet-in-die-fuenfte-saison/ (Accessed: October 22, 2020).
4. Wikipedia (2017) Lucie-Flechtmann Square,('Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz'). Available at: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz (Accessed: October 22, 2020).
5. Ab geht die Lucie (2020). "HÄUFIGE FRAGEN". Available at: https://lucie-bremen.de/ueber-lucie/haeufige-fragen/ (Accessed: October 22, 2020).
Comments and notes
Public Images
Image
Social Garden at Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz
Social Garden at Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz
Lucie Bremen (www.lucie-bremen.de), retrieved 08/24/2018
Image
Social Garden at Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz
Social Garden at Lucie-Flechtmann-Platz
Lucie Bremen (www.lucie-bremen.de), retrieved 08/24/2018