1. General information Location and description of the intervention City or FUA Fort-de-France (FUA) Region Latin America and the Caribbean Native title of the NBS intervention Sauver la mangrove de Morne Cabri Short description of the intervention The mangrove area of Morne Cabri, located in the municipality of Le Lamentin and sharing the bay of Fort-deFrance, is the largest mangrove area in Martinique. Since 2011, the municipality has led efforts to understand and better manage the area (Ref 1). The natural regeneration of the mangrove is threatened by fresh water run-off (from waste and rainwater), invasive species and pollution. However, it is an important protection against extreme weather events, operates as a carbon sink for the island and provides recreational activities (Ref 1). The municipality has led several initiatives supported by volunteers, local businesses, national subsidies and private donations (See: Ref 2, 3, 4, 11). Website of the intervention https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/documents/DP-MissionNature_0.p… Principal problems Climate-Related Hazards Coastal hazards (e.g. erosion, flooding) Extreme weather events (e.g. storms, hurricanes) Degradation of carbon sinks Environmental Degradation Biodiversity loss Invasive alien species Implementation area characterization Climate Tropical (Tropican rainforest, tropical monsoon, tropical savanna) Ecosystem Coastal wetlands Mangroves Address 97232 Le Lamentin Martinique Location The NBS is situated in an area, with clear delineation of boundaries and a specific shape (polygon). The NBS project can also have more than one area location (more than one polygon, situated close by). Area boundary (map-based) NBS area image Source of NBS area image Google (2024) Parcours santé de Morne Cabri. Available at (accessed 08/08/2024): https://www.google.es/maps/place/Parcours+sant%C3%A9+de+Morne+Cabri/@14.5924449,-61.0198518,9692m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m6!3m5!1s0x8c6aa11edcd011c7:0x25129e1468be50ab!8m2!3d14.6056574!4d-61.0202085!16s%2Fg%2F1hhh37s4v?entry=ttu Total area 7200000.00m² NBS area 100000.00m² Area description Periurban (both urban and rural environments are present) Seascape Type of area before implementation of the NBS Natural Heritage Area/Untouched nature Public Greenspace Area Sea coast (e.g. dunes, beach) Timeline of intervention Start date of the intervention (planning process) 2011 Start date of intervention (implementation process) 2022 End date of the intervention ongoing Present stage of the intervention Ongoing 2. Objectives of the intervention Objectives of the intervention Goals of the intervention -Mitigating the impact of invasive species, pollution and freshwater run-off in order to reach satisfactory ecological conditions so that the mangrove area can naturally regenerate and protect coastal communities (Ref 1): -Restoring and expanding the mangrove area, ultimately reconnecting the mangrove area of Morne Cabri with the natural reserve of Génipa, south of Morbe Cabri (Ref 4). -Maintaining a valuable recreational area where people can connect with nature (Ref 4; 5). -Educating locals on the importance of mangroves for coastal communities (Ref 4). Key Priorities Climate action (adaptation and/or mitigation) Biodiversity (conservation and/or restoration) Social Justice and community Sustainability challenge(s) addressed Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13) Climate change adaptation Coastal resilience and marine protection (SDG 14) Coastal protection / hazard mitigation Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15) Habitat and biodiversity restoration Habitat and biodiversity conservation Water management (SDG 6) Flood protection Stormwater and rainfall management and storage Cultural heritage and cultural diversity Preservation of natural heritage Health and well-being (SDG 3) Creation of opportunities for recreation Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10) Environmental education Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets? Restore mangroves, marshes, reefs and wetlands to dissipate the effects of storms and floodwaters Protect and restore coastal ecosystems, to address loss of land and livelihoods, due to rising sea levels Restore and protect forests to prevent water runoff and assets loss due to flooding Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention? Ecosystem-focused Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets? Protect species Control and clean invasive alien species Means for conservation governance Raise public awareness What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention? Ecosystem-focused What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets? Rehabilitate and restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems Restore species (native, endangered, or unspecified) Restore native species Clear and control invasive alien species Restore ecological connectivity Public engagement Implementation activities and NBS focus Implementation activities Stage 1: -between 2011-2013 a biological inventory study was conducted to assess the flora and fauna of the mangrove (Ref 2) Stage 2: -between 2019-2022 the project involved actions that were focused on invasive species control and reforestation with the the removal of 1000m² of invasive species, laying 500m² of tarpaulins to smother the invasive grasses, protecting 50 plants or trees threatened by the invasive grasses, planting 60 trees with a view to reforesting the degraded mangrove area, collecting 200 black mangrove seeds and planting 50 of these plants in a nursery in situ (Ref 6). Stage 3: -between 2022-2023 the project focused on habitat enhancement, waste management, and educational activities with actions that included planting of 300 trees and shrubs (specific species of the environment present on site or rare) in the wooded area and in the parking lot; digging-up areas to “return them to the mangrove”; setting up an “interpretation trail”; rehabilitating a pond and its immediate environment (Ref 7). Stage 4 (ongoing) -from 2023 onward the project involves erosion control, landowner engagement, and creation of wooded areas and wetlands (Ref 3). -in this stage community engagement is also crucial as participatory kayaking clean-ups and workshops are organized by a local business, with municipal support (Ref 8; 9). Type of NBS project Coastal landscape management or protection Coastal ecosystems restoration and maintenance (mangroves, dunes, saltplains, underwater meadows) Improving coastal resilience Protection of natural ecosystems Habitat restoration Habitat conservation Knowledge creation and awareness raising Educational and awareness raising programs Monitoring and maintenance of habitats and/or biodiversity Clearing out invasive alien species and allow natural regeneration maintaining the functionality the ecosystem 3. NBS domains, ES and scale NBS domain and interventions Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented Blue infrastructure Coastal wetland, mangroves and salt marshes Mangroves Amenities offered by the NBS Educational or biodiversity trails Educational and research amenities (nature protection centre, monitoring stations) Design elements for well-being Visual elements (e.g., expansive views, scenic views, natural light, diverse vegetation) Auditory elements (e.g., birdsong, water features, quiet areas, rustling leaves) Services Expected ecosystem services delivered Regulating services Coastal protection Flood regulation Habitat and supporting services Habitats for species Cultural services Recreation Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational) Scale Spatial scale Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level Beneficiaries Demographics in implementation area Based on survey data collected in 2021 (Ref 10), Le Lamentin houses about 20% of pensioners, exhibits an unemployment rate of 17, 2% and 31,1% with people betweent the age of 15 and 24. 30% of people over the age of 15 are married. 38% of families are monoparental (one mother). 85% of housing is for primary use. Half of housing units fall in the category of a "house" while the other half falls in the category of an "appartment". 70% of housing units have 3-4 rooms. But 8% of housing untis are "overoccuppied". 47,2% of the population owns the property in which they live while 45,2% are renting. 40% of the population attends post-secondary education. 28,4% of the population over the age of 15 do not have any primary school diploma (a reversing trend). The author of the survey estimates the poverty rate at 22% across all age groups. Socio-economic profile of the area Mixed income Communities vulnerable to environmental hazards or climate change impacts Yes Specification of climate or environmentally vulnerable communities Low-income neighborhoods Coastal communities Primary Beneficiaries Citizens or community groups Young people and children Specify primary beneficiaries .Anyone living behind the protective screen that the mangrove area forms for the municipality of Le Lamentin: "the mangrove no longer absorbs wave energy, no longer protects the shores and natural and inhabited coastal areas and no longer plays its role as an essential bulwark to deal with flooding." (Ref 3) -And, anyone engaging in recreational activities in the mangrove area. For example, the area "has a [recreational trail] set up by the municipality in 1992" (Ref 4) -"Future generations" (Ref 4) -"a space for connecting between colleagues and between employees of neighboring companies" (Ref 5). -"a discovery space, accessible to all, to rediscover local biodiversity" (Ref 5). Marginalized groups Socio-economically disadvantaged populations (e.g. low-income households, unemployed) Measures for inclusion of marginalised groups Specific measures: environmental education, joint mangrove planting, and awareness raising for communities living next to the mangroves (4) Other beneficiaries Native plant vegetation Endangered species (flora and fauna) Natural habitats (e.g. wetland, forests, coastal areas) Ecosystem services (e.g. improved air quality, water purification) City infrastructure (e.g., reduced flooding, improved water quality) 4. Governance and financing Governance Governance arrangements Government-led Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative This initiative is led by the municipality of Fort-de-France, which has partnered with various stakeholders since 2011. The municipality partnered with: -the Research Cuban Institute for the initial inventory study -local companies and landowners for joint planning, planting, participatory clean-ups, and workshops -the local community to participate in joint planning, planting and educational/awareness raising activities -Fondation du Patrimoine (NGO), the French Office for Biodiversity (national government), Primagaz (LPG supplier company) to provide funding (Ref 1; 2; 5; 10; 11). Key actors - initiating organization Local government/municipality Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors) National government Non-government organisation/civil society Citizens or community group Researchers/university Private sector/corporate actor/company Stages of citizen and community engagement Planning and design (e.g. site selection, identification of key priorities) On-the-ground implementation Level of citizen and community engagement Moderate Community empowerment or capacity-building initiatives Implementation of educational programs, workshops or trainings Formation of community-led groups responsible for the the implementation, maintenace or monitoring of the project Support of local entrepreneurs or small business development related to the project Participatory methods/forms of stakeholder involvement (all stakeholders) Co-planning (e.g. stakeholder workshops, focus groups, participatory mapping) Dissemination of information and education Joint implementation (e.g. tree planting) Uncommon actors ("Missing actors") Community & Social Groups Youth-led organizations/ citizens Elderly population or elderly rights associations Private Sector Local businesses (e.g. stores, restaurants) Other Please specify other missing actor -Ref 9 shows that the prokayak business helps involving the community in the cleaning and the education of the mangrove. -Ref 6 mentions that "around forty people registered in a reinsertion workshop were hired to restore and protecte the forest of mangroves, trees and plants." People eligible to reinsertion workshops are youth under 26, unemployed people and people looking for reinsertion after incarceration. -Ref 12 mentions "agents from the city's technical department, elected officials and also members of the senior rangers brigade went to the site." It furhter mentions "employees of companies located in the Lézarde area who decided to volunteer. A doctoral student who is preparing a thesis on mangroves was also present." Ref 7 mentions: "This project is planned with the involvement of young people, associations and students.". Land owners Public space owned by the city Policy drivers NBS intervention implemented in response to a Regional Directive/Strategy Unknown NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan Unknown NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan Yes Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan" Ref 1 mentions that "In 2011, the municipality of Le Lamentin began taking action to better understand, enhance and manage its mangrove." Since then, sources indicate a consistent policy of mangrove restoration led by the municipality by engaging with and gaining the support of other stakeholders. Relevant strategy or plan Municipal / city level environmental plan or programme Mandatory or voluntary intervention Voluntary (spontaneous) Enablers & Barriers Type of enablers Governance innovations (such as public private partnerships) Funds, subsidies or investment for GI/NBS in the city (available for the city or provided by the city) Please provide details (e.g, name of the plan or strategy) for the selected policies or initiatives. Governance innovations: the municipality partners with local "companies and landowners" (Ref 1). Funds or subsidies investments for GI/NBS: the project is funded from -"Mission Nature" and "Réciprocité" programs led by the French Government (Ref 11). Governace and decison-making instruments Strategic instruments (e.g. GI strategies, green space strategy or plans) Economic and fiscal instruments (e.g. subsidies or grants, charges or fees, payments for ecosystem services (PES)) Public - private business agreement (e.g. public private collaborations, public-private-partnerships (PPP)) Educational and knowledge sharing instruments (e.g. science/ living labs, awareness raising campaigns, specific educational programs, green hubs) Arrangements for governance cooperation Formal coordination mechanisms to oversee project implementation and decision-making (e.g., multi-stakeholder steering committees, working groups) Capacity-building initiatives for governance actors (e.g. training workshops for local government officials/ community leaders) Barriers None reported. Financing Total cost €500,000 - €2,000,000 Please specify total cost (EUR) -Ref 5 mentions 160 000 € from "Réciprocité", a program run by the French Government (2019-2022). -Ref 4 explains that the company Primagaz in partnership with the Fondation du Patrimoine (NGO) gave a 50.000 euro grant to the project (12/2022-07/2023). -Ref 11 mentions that the budget "amounts to 650,000 euros. A provisional subsidy of 344,000 euros will be granted from 2024-ongoing by the French government What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements? N/A Source(s) of funding Public national budget Corporate investment Funds provided by non-governmental organization (NGO) Type of fund(s) used Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities) Non-financial contribution Yes Who provided the non-financial contribution? Public authorities (e.g. land, utility services) Citizens (e.g. volunteering) Type of non-financial contribution Provision of land Provision of labour Co-finance for NBS Yes Co-governance arrangement Other Please specify other co-financing type Co-financing is channeled through the municipality (Ref 11). Entrepreneurship opportunities Yes What entrepreneurship opportunities have arisen from the NBS project? Eco-tourism or nature-based tourism ventures Social enterprises focused on environmental education or natural resource conservation and stewardship What types of actors are leading the entrepreneurship activities linked to the NBS project? Private sector companies engaging in community-led initiatives What types of support are provided to entrepreneurs engaged in NBS-related activities? Other Please specify other types of support provided to entrepreneurs -Events organsied by prokayak are advertised by the municipality (Ref 8). Business models Business models Risk reduction model Local stewardship model Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model? Public actor (e.g. municipality) Citizens / local communities 5. Evaluation and learning Impacts, benefits Environmental impacts Climate change Storm / wave induced erosion and flooding Expected storm / wave induced erosion and flooding Enhanced protection against extreme weather events (e.g. storms, cyclones, tidal surges, coastal erosion) Expected enhanced protection against extreme weather events (e.g. storms, cyclones, tidal surges, coastal erosion) Water management and blue areas Improved stormwater management Expected improved stormwater management Green space and habitat Increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems Achieved increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems Expected increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems Increased ecological connectivity across regeneration sites and scales Expected increased ecological connectivity across regeneration sites and scales Increased number of species present Achieved increased number of species present Improved prevention or control of invasive alien species Achieved improved prevention or control of invasive alien species Description of environmental benefits -Expected storm / wave induced erosion and flooding: "Mangroves play a major role in combating the effects of climate change" [...] "The mangrove no longer absorbs the energy of the ocean, no longer protects the shores and natural and inhabited coastal areas and no longer plays its role as an essential bulwark to deal with flooding [...] the municipality of Lamentin, the project leader, wants to tackle the causes of this erosion" (Ref 3, 11). -Expected enhanced protection against extreme weather events (e.g. storms, cyclones, tidal surges, coastal erosion). "It plays an essential role [..] in the fight against climate change and also the adaptation of the territory to natural hazards (cyclonic swell, tsunamis, rising sea levels, etc.)" (Ref 13). -Expected improved stormwater management: "excess freshwater from rain and wastewater"[...] "our project aims here to strengthen the restorations by limiting the arrival of fresh water from the watershed to the environment" (Ref 3). -Expected increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems: "already planned restoration of 10 hectares of former mangroves" (Ref 3). -Achieved increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems & increased number of species present: "protecting 50 plants or trees threatened , planting 60 trees with a view to reforesting the degraded mangrove area, collecting 200 black mangrove seeds and planting 50 of these plants in a nursery in situ." (Ref 6). -Expected increased ecological connectivity across regeneration sites and scales: "This mangrove renaturation and replanting project will ultimately allow the integration of this mangrove area into the Génipa nature reserve" (Ref 4). -Achieved improved prevention or control of invasive alien species: " removing 1000m² of invasive grasses, laying 500m² of smothering tarpaulins, protecting 50 plants or trees threatened by these IAGs,"(Ref 6). Environmental impact indicators Total area of habitat restored (in ha) 10 (Ref 3) Economic impacts Increase of green jobs (e.g. paid employment positions) Achieved increase of green jobs (e.g. paid employment positions) Generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation) Achieved generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation) More sustainable tourism Achieved more sustainable tourism Generation of income from NBS Achieved generation of income from NBS Description of economic benefits -Achieved increase of green jobs (e.g. paid employment positions): "For several weeks, around forty people registered in a reinsertion workshop are responsible for restoring and protecting this forest of mangroves, trees and plants." (Ref 6). -Achieved generation of other type of work opportunities (e.g. voluntary, work for rehabilitation): "These are employees of companies located in the Lézarde area who have decided to intervene voluntarily" (Ref 12). -Achieved more sustainable tourism: "Coming to visit or discover the mangrove is one thing. Exploring it, becoming aware of its richness, respecting it and ensuring that your actions protect it, is the objective that West Indies Prokayak wishes to instill in its visitors." (Ref 9). -Achieved generation of income from NBS: "West Indies Prokayak offers individuals and associations several options for renting single and double kayaks. We give you the choice between a kayak rental for a few hours, a day or a long period" (Ref 9). Economic impact indicators Number of jobs created (e.g. park maintenance, landscaping, ecotourism) At least 40 temporary positions Social and cultural impacts Health and wellbeing Gain in activities for recreation and exercise Achieved gain in activities for recreation and exercise Education Increased awareness of NBS and their benefits Achieved increased awareness of NBS and their benefits Description of social and cultural benefits -Achieved gain in activities for recreation and exercise: The restoration benefited the "sports course set up by the municipality in 1992" on Morne Cabri but needed clearing(Ref 4; 12). An “interpretation trail” was created under the Fondation du Patrimoine grant (Ref 7). -Achieved increased awareness of NBS and their benefits: "setting up thematic days for schools around environmental awareness." (Ref 4). Evidence for use of assessment Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process Yes Actors involved in the assessment, monitoring or evaluation of NBS impacts Local government/municipality Presence of indicators used in reporting Yes Type of indicators Input indicators Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports Yes Link to monitoring/evaluation reports https://www.martinique.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/18mag014_daeu_anne… Availability of a web-based monitoring tool No evidence in public records Name of any specific impact assessment tools Unknown Use of GIS in mapping impacts No evidence in public records Cost-benefit analysis Unknown Transparency Public disclosure of project funding sources and/or budgets Justice Community satisfaction Positive: The majority of feedback and reports indicate high levels of satisfaction and appreciation for the NBS project within the community. Description of locals satisfaction with the project References 7; 8; 9 and 12 indicate a high level of community participation which can be indicative of positive community satisfaction with the project. No sources indicated dissatisfaction, mo grievances were reported. Trade-offs & Negative impacts Unknown Emphasis of existing social inequalities or injustices No information reported related to negative social justice-related impacts of the NBS project Measures to prevent gentrification or displacement Unknown High-quality & Transformative NBS Multiple impacts delivery (climate, biodiversity, just community) Yes Goal setting and impacts delivery Yes, from the planning phase the project aimed to address issues in these three key priority areas and it also delivered benefits across these three areas. Reaching original project goals All the intended project goals were achieved Please specify the achievements of the project goals Climate action & Biodiversity: -Expected storm / wave induced erosion and flooding: "Mangroves play a major role in combating the effects of climate change" [...] "The mangrove no longer absorbs the energy of the ocean, no longer protects the shores and natural and inhabited coastal areas and no longer plays its role as an essential bulwark to deal with flooding [...] the municipality of Lamentin, the project leader, wants to tackle the causes of this erosion" (Ref 3, 11). -Expected enhanced protection against extreme weather events (e.g. storms, cyclones, tidal surges, coastal erosion). "It plays an essential role [..] in the fight against climate change and also the adaptation of the territory to natural hazards (cyclonic swell, tsunamis, rising sea levels, etc.)" (Ref 13). -Expected improved stormwater management: "excess freshwater from rain and wastewater"[...] "our project aims here to strengthen the restorations by limiting the arrival of fresh water from the watershed to the environment" (Ref 3). -Expected increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems: "already planned restoration of 10 hectares of former mangroves" (Ref 3). -Achieved increased conservation or restoration of ecosystems & increased number of species present: "protecting 50 plants or trees threatened , planting 60 trees with a view to reforesting the degraded mangrove area, collecting 200 black mangrove seeds and planting 50 of these plants in a nursery in situ." (Ref 6). -Expected increased ecological connectivity across regeneration sites and scales: "This mangrove renaturation and replanting project will ultimately allow the integration of this mangrove area into the Génipa nature reserve" (Ref 4). -Achieved improved prevention or control of invasive alien species: " removing 1000m² of invasive grasses, laying 500m² of smothering tarpaulins, protecting 50 plants or trees threatened by these IAGs,"(Ref 6). Social justice and community: -Achieved gain in activities for recreation and exercise: The restoration benefited the "sports course set up by the municipality in 1992" on Morne Cabri; An “interpretation trail” was created under the Fondation du Patrimoine grant (Ref 7). -Achieved increased awareness of NBS and their benefits: "setting up thematic days for schools around environmental awareness." (Ref 4). Long-term perspective Yes Cost-effective solutions Yes Equitable impacts A. All stakeholders benefit fairly from the project Transformative capacity Social change (e.g. social relationships, networks and dynamics within them) Ecological change (e.g. ecosystem functions and their distribution) Magnitude of change Reformist: by focusing on addressing underlying drivers of change but failing to address the problem structurally or systemically Application of lessons learned Other Perception of Environmental Change Unknown 6. Sources References 1. Mission Nature (n.d.). Sauvegarde de la mangrove du Lamentin. Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 2. Mairie Le Lamentin (2021). IBR : UN OUVRAGE POUR DÉCOUVRIR LA MANGROVE. Le Lamentin: Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 3. Office français de la biodiversité (n.d.). Mission Nature. Dossier de presse Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 4. Fondation du Patrimoine (n.d.). La mangrove de Morne-Cabri au Lamentin. Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 5. Agence Francaise pour la biodiversité (2019). Les Lauréats de l'appel : « Initiatives pour la reconquête de la biodiversité en outre-mer ». Communiqué de presse Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 6. Guy Etienne (2022). La restauration de la mangrove de Morne Cabri au Lamentin a débuté. la1ère, Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 7. Pole Tropicale.org (2022). Opération de renaturation de la mangrove du Morne Cabri (Martinique). Accessed on August 8, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 8. Mairie Le Lamentin (2022). Nettoyons nos mangroves. Le Lamentin: Accessed on August 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 9. West Indies Prokayak (n.d.). West Indies Prokayak : Des activités ludo-récréatives autour de la mangrove. Accessed on August 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 10. L’Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (2024). Dossier complet : Commune du Lamentin (97213). Accessed on August 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 11. Caroline Papovic (2024). La sauvegarde de la mangrove du Lamentin en Martinique sous l'oeil d'une caméra d'un média national. La 1ère, Accessed on August 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 12. Lorand, K., and Vincent, C. (2022). Des salariés nettoient et replantent des arbres dans la mangrove de Morne Cabri. RCI, Accessed on August 9, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; Comments and notes Additional insights Financing details: -It is likely that there are hidden costs that the municipality incurred earlier and that have not been reported. Public Images Image Mangrove of Morne Cabri The image is retrieved from: https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/martinique/lamentin/la-restauration-de-la-mangrove-de-morne-cabri-au-lamentin-a-debute-1277588.html
Image Mangrove of Morne Cabri The image is retrieved from: https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/martinique/lamentin/la-restauration-de-la-mangrove-de-morne-cabri-au-lamentin-a-debute-1277588.html
