1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Milano
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
MILANO CITTÀ DI CAMPAGNA LA VALLE DEL TICINELLO
Short description of the intervention
The City of Milan intends to carry out a functional intervention in the valley of Ticinello for the strengthening of the environmental matrix and of the structural characteristics aimed at improving the ecological connection. The project, which aims to contribute to the valorisation, strengthening and conservation of the natural heritage, as well as expand local biodiversity, through the realization of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, is necessary for the realization, development and enhancement of large-scale ecological corridors already identified by the instruments of territorial planning (1).
Address

Parco Agricolo del Ticinello
20142 Milano
Italy

Area boundary
POINT (9.182445 45.427845)
POINT (9.187958 45.41684)
POINT (9.191213 45.431375)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
http://www.parcoticinello.it/mappa-aerea.html
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
unknown
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2013
End date of the intervention
2016
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
The NBS aims at increasing and enhancing biodiversity in the vast valley of Ticinello. More in details:
- To ensure the consolidation and enhancement, through natural or oriented forms, of vegetation and woodland forms, making extensive use of the spread and use of native species;
- To encourage the reconstitution of plant and animal habitats and ecosystems, in opposition to their further fragmentation, including the identification of appropriate ecological corridors where necessary;
- To recover, to reconstruct and to enhance the historical plot of the water-vegetation relationship that characterizes the landscape and the agrarian territories, avoiding the alteration of the water and rural roads, and encouraging the provision of ripeness trees;
- To address the renationalisation and retraining interventions to be implemented by the managing body, municipalities, other territorial or functional bodies concerned, as well as by private individuals (1).
Quantitative targets
The project impacts on circa 90 ha (1).
Monitoring indicators defined
Unknown
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
In this design proposal, the Ticinello park area will have a significant increase (around 60,000 square meters) of real woods under law, as well as a system planting of a large shrub-like shrub in a section of the Ticinello rocks. The appropriate collocations studied create connections between the same naturalistic elements and the surrounding area. (1)

The Project in summary:
- Embossing, forest hedges, swabs, wetlands.
- The predisposition of furnitures and structures to didactic function.
- Renaturalization of areas affected by improper use.
- Cultivation treatments for forestry plants.
- Faunistic functionality of project interventions
- Light structures for the enhancement of fauna.
- Communication and dissemination of the Large-Scale project and local scale. (1).

The Ticinello Agricultural Park is a project of the Municipality of Milan that covers an area of 90 hectares. The "Milano Città di campagna" project is part of this larger project.
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Green corridors and green belts
Blue infrastructure
Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
10,500
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Water (surface and ground water for drinking and non-drinking purposes)
Regulating services
Water purification / filtration
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Physical and experiential interactions with plants and animals
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Please specify other local relevant strategy
Rural development plan (1); new Community Agri-environmental Policy (1) ;
"Green Rails" Project for the Ecological Valorization of the aforementioned railway track, even on rails in operation, as an urban ecological corridor. (Project Cariplo Ecological Connections - Phase of Study Concluded) (7).
Governance
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The City of Milan is the leader of a larger network of partners and supporters from the Province of Milan (which has become Metropolitan City) and the Lombardy Region, as well as numerous Associations (including the Ticinello Park Board) (1).
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Regional government
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Citizens or community group
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The drafting of the project welcomed and developed the addresses of the Rural Development Plan and the new Community Agri-environmental Policy for peri-urban areas. The Milan City Council, the Province of Milan and the Lombardy Region signed a Memorandum of Understanding on Rural Development in Milan with the Consortium Dam - Distretto Agricolo Milanese (1).
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The city of Milan is at the same time involved in projects involving the South area on biodiversity issues and ecological connections. In particular, due to their tight relevance and complementarity with the Ticinello area, we quote the following:
Reduction of the portion of the valley of the rocks; Works made for the environmental insertion of the Nosedo purifier. (Works being completed)
Reconstruction of a portion of the valley at the confluence of the Ticinello and Libassa rocks for the environmental insertion of the Milan S. Rocco purifier at Ronchetto delle Rane.
"Green Rails" Project for the Ecological Valorization of the aforementioned railway track, even on rails in operation, as an urban ecological corridor. (Project Cariplo Ecological Connections - Phase of Study Concluded) (7).
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
The central core of the project is the restoration of the park and its natural habitat. The initiative has been long called for by local citizens and the Municipality of Milan clearly stated it in its Rural Development Plan (1).The Rural Development Plan focuses on interventions both at the environmental level (with the application of NBS), infrastructural and touristic recovering of specific degraded areas of the city (1 and 2).
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
10,500 plants (1)
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; large-scale ecological corridors (1)
vegetation and woodland forms, native species; plant and animal habitats (1)
"large shrub-like shrub"; Embossing, forest hedges, swabs, wetlands; forestry plants. (1)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
€ 535.000,00 (7)
Please specify other source of funding
Other project partners (including Associazione Comitato per il Parco ) (1)
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Who provided the non-financial contribution?
Please specify other Business model
renaturalization: To address the renationalisation and retraining interventions to be implemented by the managing body, municipalities, other territorial or functional bodies concerned, as well as by private individuals (1).
Please specify other environmental impact
creation of a humid area (3).
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
Recovering of the blue and green areas in the derelict area of the Ticinello Park, located right in the center of Milan (1).
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
The territorial sphere of Ticinello can be seen as a potential step for the fauna - but always seen as a development block from which to start, a much wider connectivity system, in order to make a significant increase in vitality and mobility Naturalistic in that area of the Milanese urban belt which still sees open spaces open to agricultural vocation (1).

The park will not remain isolated, because next stage will be "to create an important defragmentation work to connect the Pavese and Southern Lambro naval area, both qualified as the main ecological watercourses in the metropolitan city's ecological network (2).
Impacts, benefits
Please specify other economic impact
open spaces open to agricultural vocation (1).
Description of environmental benefits
Evan though the project was implemented, there were not published reports regarding the environmental benefits. Even so, Ticinello Valley's environmental improvement goals have been achieved through the planting of more than 10,500 native trees and shrubs over an area of 6,3 ha, the environmental upgrading of the Ticinello shores and the creation of a humid area (3).

The park will not remain isolated, because next stage will be "to create an important defragmentation work to connect the Pavese and Southern Lambro naval area, both qualified as the main ecological watercourses in the metropolitan city's ecological network (2).

During the "Milano Città di Campagna" project, in parallel with environmental improvement efforts aimed at enhancing and creating ecological connections, FaunaViva has carried out a monitoring activity to evaluate the effect of interventions on local fauna. The surveys carried out involved four animal groups: birds, amphibians, ropocrophal molluscs (diurnal butterflies) and odorless (dragonflies). The monitoring, repeated in the various years of the project, allowed to observe in the Ticinello Agricultural Park four species of amphibians, over 50 species of birds at nesting time, about 20 species of day butterflies and about 20 species of dragonflies (4).
Description of economic benefits
The territorial sphere of Ticinello can be seen as a potential step for the fauna - but always seen as a development block from which to start, a much wider connectivity system, in order to make a significant increase in vitality and mobility Naturalistic in that area of the Milanese urban belt which still sees open spaces open to agricultural vocation (1).
Description of social and cultural benefits
The territorial sphere of Ticinello can be seen as a potential step for the fauna - but always seen as a development block from which to start, a much wider connectivity system, in order to make a significant increase in vitality and mobility Naturalistic in that area of the Milanese urban belt which still sees open spaces open to agricultural vocation (1).

The park will not remain isolated, because next stage will be "to create an important defragmentation work to connect the Pavese and Southern Lambro naval area, both qualified as the main ecological watercourses in the metropolitan city's ecological network (2).
Parco Agricolo Ticinello, an interesting example of integration between the environment, Agriculture and leisure and teaching facilities. The park, in terms of greenery, with an extension of 800,000 square meters, is currently ranked third in terms of surface area compared to other Milanese parks (6).
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
The surveys: carried out involved four animal groups: birds, amphibians, ropocrophal molluscs (diurnal butterflies) and odorless (dragonflies). The monitoring, repeated in the various years of the project, allowed to observe in the Ticinello Agricultural Park four species of amphibians, over 50 species of birds at nesting time, about 20 species of day butterflies and about 20 species of dragonflies (4).
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of September 9, 2020.
Methods of impact monitoring
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
During the "Milano Città di Campagna" project, in parallel with environmental improvement efforts aimed at enhancing and creating ecological connections, FaunaViva has carried out a monitoring activity to evaluate the effect of interventions on local fauna. The surveys carried out involved four animal groups: birds, amphibians, ropocrophal molluscs (diurnal butterflies) and odorless (dragonflies). The monitoring, repeated in the various years of the project, allowed to observe in the Ticinello Agricultural Park four species of amphibians, over 50 species of birds at nesting time, about 20 species of day butterflies and about 20 species of dragonflies (4).
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Please specify other modes of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Events for citizens involvement, education and feedback (1, 2 and 3).
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Yes
Please specify
Events for citizens involvement, education and feedback (1, 2 and 3).
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. Parco Ticinello (no date), NBS website, Available at http://www.parcoticinello.it/biodiversita.html (Accessed 12-9-2020)

2. Corriere della Sera (2017), Il grande Parco del Ticinello: i 3 anni della rinascita, Available at http://milano.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/17_giugno_06/grande-parco-ticinello-3-anni-rinascita-a111f9b8-4a7b-11e7-ac11-205c7f1cfc9f.shtml (Accessed 12-9-2020)

3. LifeGate (no date), Article on the aftermath of the project, Available at http://www.lifegate.it/persone/eventi/parco-del-ticinello-le-attivita-svolte-e-programma-per-preservarne-la-biodiversita (Accessed 12-9-2020)

4. Varese News (2017), Project impact,, Available at http://www.varesenews.it/2017/06/nuove-connessioni-ecologiche-al-ticinello/626881/ (Accessed 12-9-2020)

5. Fauna Viva (no date), Milano Città di Campagna: la Valle del Ticinello, Available at https://faunaviva.wordpress.com/2014/06/03/milano-citta-di-campagna-ticinello/ (Accessed 12-9-2020)

6. Cives (no date), History of the park, Available at http://www.cives.partecipami.it/infodiscs/view/7 (Accessed 12-9-2020)

7. Parco Ticinello (no date), Executive Project, Available at http://www.parcoticinello.it/progetto-esecutivo.html (Accessed 12-9-2020)
Comments and notes
Additional insights
2020 comments:
History of the park:
Since the mid 800, the city of Milan has grown predominantly northwards than the fertile southern countryside. Here the cultivation was already begun in the late twentieth century by the Cistercians of the Abbey of Chiaravalle, with the reclamation of the marshes that occupied much of the plain. A dense irrigated net was created, which some centuries later had been completed with the construction of Navigli. Right from the Navigli line comes the Ticinello river that gives its name to the Park.
The consequent availability of abundant fodder favored the development of cattle breeding, leading to the construction of the Lombard farmhouse, which, in its typical closed-court structure, collected all the functions of productive, social and religious life. From the 700, with the assertion of modern agrarian science, developed the cultivated crops that provided forage for almost the whole of the year. Cascina Campazzo and the surrounding agricultural area are a significant example of this agriculture, also due to the presence of some fields of marsh.

In an attempt to preserve an area with these original features within a commune territory, a group of inhabitants of surrounding neighborhoods and farmers themselves gathered in an association, proposing and anticipating, already in reality, the creation of a park, which the Administration had planned at the end of the 1980s and which has definitively resolved in October 2000.
Under this project, which provides for funding for the expropriation of land and for the necessary infrastructural facilities, today, just over three kilometers from the Duomo di Milano, there is the Parco Agricolo Ticinello, an interesting example of integration between the environment, Agriculture and leisure and teaching facilities. The park, in terms of greenery, with an extension of 800,000 square meters, is currently ranked third in terms of surface area compared to other Milanese parks (6).
Public Images
Image
Ticinello Agrarian Park (Giuseppe Mazza 2015)
Ticinello Agrarian Park (Giuseppe Mazza 2015)
Giuseppe Mazza. (2015). Ticinello Agrarian Park [Photograph]. Retrieved 08/06/2018 From the Association of the Parco Ticinello Committee (www.parcoticinello.it)
Image
Ticinello Agrarian Park (Giuseppe Mazza 2009)
Ticinello Agrarian Park (Giuseppe Mazza 2009)
Giuseppe Mazza. (2009). Ticinello Agrarian Park [Photograph]. Retrieved 08/06/2018 From the Association of the Parco Ticinello Committee (www.parcoticinello.it)

Image
Ticinello Agrarian Park (Giuseppe Mazza 2010)
Ticinello Agrarian Park (Giuseppe Mazza 2010)
Giuseppe Mazza. (2010). Ticinello Agrarian Park [Photograph]. Retrieved 08/06/2018 From the Association of the Parco Ticinello Committee (www.parcoticinello.it)