1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Osh
Region
Asia
Short description of the intervention
Ecosystem-based adaptation planning in Osh will support the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic in establishing its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process and is consistent with the government’s strategic vision for climate change adaptation. Additionally, this project also contributes to the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and UNDP’s objectives by increasing resilience for the most vulnerable people, communities, and regions, by strengthening institutional and regulatory systems for climate-responsive planning and development, and by strengthening adaptive capacity and reducing exposure to climate risks. The priority sectors for the project are: (1) disaster and emergency management; (2) health; (3) biodiversity conservation; (4) and agriculture and irrigation water. The relevant agencies and stakeholders of these four sectors will be key to ensuring these plans catalyse investments to enhance adaptive capacity in the city. [1, 2]
Address

Osh
Kyrgyzstan

Location
The NBS is a city-wide initiative, the GIS point marks the centre of the city
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Central Business District / City Centre
Website of the intervention
https://www.adaptation-undp.org/projects/advancing-medium-and-long-term-adaptat…
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2016
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
unknown
End date of the intervention
unknown
Present stage of the intervention
In piloting stage
Goals of the intervention
The project's objectives are to:
1. Strengthen institutions and enhance vertical and horizontal coordination for climate change adaptation planning,
2. Facilitate mainstreaming of climate risks at sectoral and sub-national levels, and
3. Identify priority climate change adaptation investments. [2, 3]
4. improvement of the hydrometeorological monitoring system,
5. diversify water supply sources (landscape water conservation, groundwater abstraction, low-flow devices, rainwater harvesting, erosion control & catchment protection (including the construction of contour banks, contour ploughing, and other soil-moisture conservation practices that reduce land degradation)
6. improve soil health and increase soil-moisture availability and groundwater recharge capacity,
7. Protection of the habitat of natural biodiversity species, monitoring of flora and fauna populations under climate change. [2, 5]
Quantitative targets
Unknown
Monitoring indicators defined
Number and correctness of hydrological and climate forecasts, total collected and created hydrological and meteorological data, codes of practice and guidelines for climate-resilient water supply infrastructure developed and applied, number of improved land management, forestry and biodiversity practices and total number of direct and indirect beneficiaries. [5]
Sustainability challenge(s) addressed
Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13)
Climate change adaptation
Water management (SDG 6)
Flood protection
Stormwater and rainfall management and storage
Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15)
Habitat and biodiversity conservation
Green space creation and/or management
Environmental quality
Soil quality improvement
Economic development and employment (SDG 8)
Economic development: agriculture
Climate change adaptation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Reduce exposure to climate risks directly
Reduce the impacts of climate risks events on urban places and communities
Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
Implement solutions to capture/store water to increase its availability and prevent shortages from droughts
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Ecosystem-focused
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
Protect and enhance urban habitats
Preserve and strengthen existing habitats and ecosystems
Create new habitats
Protect species
Undertake specific measures to protect species
Means for conservation governance
Raise public awareness
Public engagement
Create and use scientific knowledge for conservation
Capacity building
Implementation activities
The project is in the piloting stage. The detailed activities have not been planned yet. The following overarching activities are planned.

1. Establish staff training and professional development program, 2. Compile existing data and assess gaps, 3. Organize trainings on climate scenario development and application, 4. Production of technical guidance for implementation in priority sectors as well as a capacity-building workshop and application of guidelines on a pilot basis in priority sector agencies as well as for private sector stakeholders. Where feasible, climate-proofing guidelines will provide guidance for private sector investment projects as well. 5. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), Multi-Criterion Analysis (MCA), Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)) developed in coordination with stakeholders and SAEPF will be done.
Type of NBS project
Creation of new green areas
Maintenance and management of urban nature
Knowledge creation and awareness raising
Strategy, plan or policy development
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Blue infrastructure
Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries
Green areas for water management
Rain gardens
Sustainable urban drainage systems
What is the level of innovation / development of the NBS related to water management?
Unknown
Vegetation Type
Trees
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Amenities offered by the NBS
Unknown
Please specify "other marginalized group"
People who are more vulnerable to climate change.
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Water (surface and ground water for drinking and non-drinking purposes)
Regulating services
Local climate regulation (temperature reduction)
Air quality regulation
Carbon storage/sequestration
Flood regulation
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Primary Beneficiaries
National-level government
Local government/Municipality
Citizens or community groups
Marginalized groups
Marginalized groups
Other
Governance
Governance arrangements
Co-governance with government and non-government actors
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Other
Please specify other non-government actors involved
Multilateral organizations [1]
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
Key implementers: National Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Partners, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Project partners: Government of Kyrgyzstan and Green Climate Fund [1]
Key actors - initiating organization
Multilateral organisation
National government
Local government/municipality
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Multilateral organisation
National government
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Land owners
Public space owned by the city
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Co-planning (e.g. stakeholder workshops, focus groups, participatory mapping)
Dissemination of information and education
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
1. Advancing development of a National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process for medium and long-term adaptation planning and implementation in the Kyrgyz Republic. 2. National Development Strategy for 2018-
2040. [2]
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
No
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Spatial planning guidance
Environmental regulation
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
Climate Change Adaptation Programme and Action Plan for forest and biodiversity [5]
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
City specific climate change policy or plan
Biodiversity strategy or plan
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
Aarhus Center, an NGO network first established by SAEPF with support from the Organization for
Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). [2]
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Unknown
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Not applicable
Financing
Total cost
€2,000,000 - €4,000,000
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
The cost for the city of Osh is unknown. The overall project will cost USD 2.6 million=2.2 million Euro (USD 1= 0.86 Euro)
Source(s) of funding
Multilateral funds/international funding
Type of fund(s) used
Direct funding (grants, subsidies, or self-financed projects by private entities)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Business models
Risk reduction model
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Public actor (e.g. municipality)
Private non-for-profit actor (e.g. NGO, foundation)
Type of innovation
Technological
Infrastructural innovation
Social
Policy innovation
Governance innovation
Please specify technological innovation
The project aims to build some climate-resilient infrastructures to fight against possible flooding and water shortages during drought times. Additionally, some rainwater harvesting is planned through some tree plantations. [2, 3, 5]
Please specify social innovation
The project is aimed to overcome weaknesses in knowledge management and ensure the improvement of cross-sectoral planning to include adaptation components. This will also mainstream the climate change adaptation policies into the priority sector planning and governance. [1, 2]
Novelty level of the innovation
The innovation is copied/derived from previous initiative(s) with substantial adaptation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Similar projects have been carried out in the country where less than 40% of the total implementation goal has been achieved. The current intervention will add and complement to the old adaptation projects. [2]
Replicability/Transferability
The innovation is transferred to new initiative(s) without substantial adaptation
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
The innovation is planned to be transferred to other areas of the country after the successful implementation. [2]
Impacts, benefits
Environmental impacts
Climate change
Lowered local temperature
Strengthened capacity to address climate hazards/natural disasters
Environmental quality
Improved air quality
Improved soil quality
Water management and blue areas
Increased protection against flooding
Improved stormwater management
Reduced risk of damages by drought
Green space and habitat
Increased green space area
Reduced biodiversity loss
Please specify other economic impact
Reduced maintenance costs
Description of environmental benefits
1. The project is expected to bring more reliable weather, hydrological and climate forecasts, protection against climate disasters, particularly in disaster reduction related to flooding and drought.
2. It will strengthen the technical capacities of the National Statistic Committee and Hydrometeorological Agency. The water storage facilities and rainwater harvesting will protect from possible flooding and drought.
3. The project is also expected to improve the conservation of flora, fauna and their habitats and increase the social significance of biodiversity and ecosystem services.
4. Increased green space in and around the city will improve the air quality and reduce the temperature. [1, 2, 5]
Economic impacts
More sustainable tourism
Stimulate development in deprived areas
Increase in agricultural production (for profit or not)
Other
Description of economic benefits
1. The project is expected to improve the government’s aspirations for an expansion of ecosystem-based tourism.
2. Reduced maintenance costs for water supply infrastructure and climate-related disasters.
3. It will improve the provision of water resources for agriculture bringing direct economic benefits.
4. Newly constructed buildings and regeneration of residential stock will offer excellent opportunities to build in climate resilience measures at lower capital costs. [2, 5]
Social and cultural impacts
Safety
Improved community safety to climate-related hazards
Social justice and cohesion
Improved access to urban green space
Education
Increased support for education and scientific research
Description of social and cultural benefits
1. The project brings safety to climate hazards, especially from drought and flooding incidents to the local residents.
2. The increased amount of green space in the city provides better access to greeneries to the inhabitants.
3. The project has planned a few training opportunities for the locals, which will promote the dissemination of education among the participants. [1, 2]
Type of reported impacts
Expected impacts
Indicators
Hydrological and climate forecasts, hydrological and meteorological data, codes of practice and guidelines for climate-resilient water supply infrastructure developed and applied, improved land management, forestry and biodiversity practices, the total number of direct and indirect beneficiaries. [5]
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
No information available
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Improved access to green and/or blue spaces
Please specify other method used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
The priority sector agencies will compile and disseminate sectoral adaptation plans. The process of compiling the plans will include a period for public review and comment and procedures to ensure that all stakeholders, in particular women and vulnerable groups, are in. [2]
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown as of October, 2021.
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Collection of monitoring data at specific time intervals during the project to aid evaluation
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Focus groups
Other
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. UNDP (n.d.) Advancing medium and long-term adaptation planning in Kyrgyz Republic. URL: https://www.adaptation-undp.org/projects/advancing-medium-and-long-term-adaptation-planning-kyrgyz-republic. Accessed on 30th October, 2021.
2. GreenClimateFund (2018) Readiness Proposal with United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
for Kyrgyz Republic. URL: https://www.greenclimate.fund/sites/default/files/document/kyrgyzstan-nap-undp.pdf. Accessed on 30th October, 2021.
3. UNDP (2020) Kyrgyzstan will prepare the climate change adaptation plan to reduce vulnerability and build resilience. URL: https://www.kg.undp.org/content/kyrgyzstan/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2020/06/national-adaptation-plan-kyrgyzstan.html. Accessed on 30th October, 2021.
4. UNDP (n.d) Supporting Kyrgyz Republic Advance Their NAP Process. URL: https://www.adaptation-undp.org/projects/supporting-kyrgyz-republic-advance-their-nap-process. Accessed on 30th October, 2021.
5. Government of the Kyrgyz Republic. (2018). Climate Investment Programme Operational Framework for Managing and Accessing Climate Finance in the Kyrgyz Republic. URL: https://www.climateinvestmentfunds.org/sites/cif_enc/files/ppcr_strategic_program_for_climate_resilience_for_kyrgyz_republic_final.pdf. Accessed on 30th October, 2021.