Water management (SDG 6)

At the primary school Laterna Magica, a green rainproof playground was created that is effective in stormwater retention, reduces soil erosion, supports biodiversity and provides education possibilities for the children. The playground consists of bioswales, terraces, diverse and pollen-rich vegetation and a vegetable garden. (1,2)

The Garden Janine (formerly called Jardin Nouveau) group is participating in the "Aix en Transition" initiative, which wants to increase food and energy resilience in order to better prepare for the future. This group initiated and supported the establishment of a vegetable garden benefiting homeless people, hosted in the Humanitarian Division of the "Jas de Bouffan" district (Ref. 1). A garden was previously cultivated on the area, but had become dilapidated. In 2019, much of the area was repurposed as an orchard as the vegetable garden was deemed to require too much continual presence/labour (Ref. 6).

A long-awaited flood defence scheme which is designed to protect the city from a repeat of the devastating floods in 2007. "The ambitious project has taken 14 years of planning" and will protect the city's gateway (Westgate). The project manager from EA, said: "The work we're doing on the Ings Beck scheme will mean Wakefield is protected against the kind of flood that only has a one in 100 chance of happening in a year." The scheme involves solving the flooding problem and encourage wildlife habitat. (Ref. 1)

Bute Park is a riverside green spot with an arboretum and gardens, containing a broad range of ecosystems supporting a wide variety of living species (ref 4). The historic Mill Leat had been dry since the 1970s."The word "leat" refers to "an open watercourse conducting water to a mill". The Mill Leat sits on the same site as a former millpond at the end of the original medieval millstream. It supplied water to corn mills located to the south of the Wst Gate and contained water well into the 1970s." (Ref 10) .Mill Leat Restoration or the re-flooding of the dry water body was a major deliverable under the Bute Park Restoration project (ref 2). In 2013 the overgrown channel was excavated, lined and refilled with water as part of the Bute Park Restoration Project (Ref 2). It enhanced the character of the park and provided a new habitat for wildlife (ref 1). Now re-flooded, Mill Leat is self-contained, self-regulating and self-circulating. It has reduced the risk of flooding and created a sustainable water feature (ref 2).

The Knowledge Mile Park initiative in Amsterdam aims to transform the long, busy and traffic-heavy street in downtown Amsterdam into an environment greener, more sustainable and more livable through the implementation on various Nature-based Solutions (9). Smaller projects include the creation and maintenance of pocket parks, green walls and facades, green roofs and living labs. The idea of the initiative came from the Knowledge Mile Community that aims at making Amsterdam more green, clean and smart by means of innovative solutions regarding air quality, climate change resilience, biodiversity and social cohesion. (1) municipality of Amsterdam and the business investment zone BIZ Knowledge Mile are working together with partners on the realization of the project (9)
The project is still ongoing, although parts of the Knowledge Mile Park are already created in 2016 including one living lab, two green roofs, a green canopy and a pocket park and other parts are planned such as the smart green wall (1)

Monglong Park was rehabilitated in 2012 with the explicit aim of strengthening social ties. The site is a wooded area of 4 hectares to the south of the Bellefontaine district. Unknown until its redevelopment, it constitutes a true ecological niche for the city and has great biological richness and landscape. The associations of gardeners and the gardeners of the Bellefontaine neighborhood, including the Maghreb and Mong communities, were involved throughout the construction of the park (Ref. 2).

The Park Killesberg serves as the green centre of the newly constructed district in Stuttgart and continues the long history of the area as a garden show site with a contemporary expression of landscape architecture and as a model for interconnected green spaces. The design is the result of a collaborative process with the local authorities, citizens and neighbours (1).

The Gar'den is a Provencal garden and a vegetable garden of permaculture, both a relaxing space and a participatory garden. Indeed, everyone will be invited to participate in the life of this Gar'den, common good to protect. Young and older will be able to discover the Provencal vegetable treasures and relax in a space devoted to the sharing of goods and knowledge. (Ref. 11)

The garden was designed by landscapers Michèle Orliac and Miquel Battle and realized for a cost of 3 million euros. This "new green lung", as presented by the City Hall of Toulouse, is part of a major urban project that provides for the creation of 500 housing units in the Niel District (Ref. 1). The project involved creating vegetation enmeshed benches (Ref. 7) and using permeable flooring materials that prevent water loss and reduce the potential of flooding (Ref. 8).

The construction of a new main bus station inaugurated in 2014, is part of a desire to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to encourage users to favor bus routes (Ref. 1). Part of this construction project, a vegetal wall of 210 meters long and 8 meters high has been implemented in order to act on noise (-20 decibels) and visual pollution, and improve air quality. It will be the largest public vegetal wall in France. (Ref. 4, page 26)