Public Greenspace Area

Situated in park Spilberk, the garden features a building with a green roof and a garden with various plots. The building is designed to be carbon neutral and reuses rainwater for toilet flushing and for watering the garden plots. The garden is used for horticultural purposes and environmental education, as well as animal and beekeeping. The complex improves the local micro-climate through cooling and humidification and promotes biodiversity. (Ref. 1; Ref. 2; Ref. 5; Ref. 6)

“The Environment and Me project (TEaM) is operated by Warwickshire Wildlife Trust and CWMind (Coventry and Warwickshire Mind) and supported by Coventry City Council. (Ref. 1) It is an ecotherapy-based project which aims to enhance mental health and wellbeing. (Ref. 1, Ref. 2). It provides opportunities for outdoor activities at allotment sites, gardens, woodlands, parks and nature reserves – giving people some much-needed breathing space in the fresh air, whilst learning new skills, meeting new people and giving back to nature.” (Ref. 1)

"The desire to integrate trees in the heart of Nancy constitutes a long-standing commitment. The first Charter for Trees of Nancy was signed in 1996. Plant diversity was strengthened and the protection of trees accentuated, in particular thanks to the requirements of the Local Urban Planning. In 2013, the new version of the Charter will make it possible to engage all the actors of urban policy to increase protection of the tree, to be vital to biodiversity and to the quality of the living environment" (Ref. 1). "New legal, urban, ecological and social issues have emerged. The old charter now requires improvements in the face of certain evolutions. It was decided to renew it. This new document is in line with the previous one and faces the new issues of the trees in the city" (Ref. 1, p 9).

In Frankfurt, the "Gallus Garden" is a community garden built in 2016, which not only impresses with its 1000 m2 size but also reflects the cultural diversity in the district (4). The garden was initiated by the Kinder im Zentrum Gallus association in collaboration with the Gallus neighbourhood management with the help of many sponsors and donors such as the Open Space Office and Deutsche Bank (4). The garden consists of two areas with raised bed for families, kindergarten groups and individuals to cultivate their food there, while a third area is for community events with fruit trees. The aim of the Gallus Garden is to create a community place where old and new residents of the area get together, can share knowledge and spend time in nature (4,8).

This intervention aimed to address low water levels and low water quality in the Sandall Beat Wood and Cantley Park. The problems have been identified by the council and this project was planned to improve the water levels as well as the water quality. This also helped in improving the gross water flow of the regions and protected the wetland habitats. In addition to the above-mentioned benefits, the project successfully engaged local communities. (Ref 2).

Glasgow Green is the largest park in central Glasgow with an area of 55 ha. The Glasgow Green renewal project was planned in order to restore the area from the disrepair and poor aesthetic quality to attractive, extensive open spaces, modern play facilities, spacious winter gardens, and historic people’s palace (Ref 1). The Glasgow Green renewal plan has been devised to restore Glasgow Green (including the People's Palace and Winter Gardens, Fleshers' Haugh and Richmond Park) to its original glory and create an improved visitor attraction. (Ref 3)

The city of Napoli has implemented a comprehensive plan of urban regeneration of the Bagnoli coastal area. The national agency Invitalia has been in charge by the government to develop a plan of regeneration. In particular, the main points of the project related to NBS concern the development of a waterfront, namely the regeneration of the coast including the main park, the beach, and the experimentation of botanical species to reduce the environmental impact of the area. This plan is finalized for the requalification and restoration of the green area, as well as to help with the mitigation of urban pollution (Ref.1).
The project is in its planning stage (2020), according to the national agency that coordinates the project. On the official website of the project it is mentioned that in January 2020, 20 candidates have been selected in order to present their ideas. In July 2020 the agency met with the local community for discussions. At the moment the state agency initiated a PRELIMINARY MARKET CONSULTATION (Ref.1).

A project of 200 plots for an urban orchard on-site at Parque de las Aguas was created, where individual citizens, social groups, and companies can rent the lots to cultivate their own produce. The orchards hold educational programming for patrons and visitors as well. (Ref. 1,2,4)

The Biffa Award awarded the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust with £24,681 in December 2013 for their ‘Lapwings on your Doorstep’ project, which started a number of habitat management activities at Potteric Carr Nature Reserve aiming to benefit a range of species. The project's main objective was to improve breeding conditions for the bird. Workers at the site, near Doncaster reported the scheme would
 also benefit a wider range of species, both common and rare, including other birds, bats and insects. It will also increase the reserve's value as an important tourist attraction, boosting the local city's economy. (Ref 1, 7).

Bowling Park is a public urban park and the key purpose is to grow fruit, develop wildlife habitats and create sociable urban green space as well as maximise the biodiversity of the site and minimise any adverse impact on the environment. The orchard, along with allotment sites, as a whole is a valuable part of the Green Infrastructure Network in Bradford (ref 1). The orchard is developed on six disused allotment plots adjacent to Bowling Park. In March 2003 the orchard has planted over 40 trees including- 35 varieties of apple, 6 pears and 4 plums (ref2).