1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Zaragoza
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Huertos Urbanos
Short description of the intervention
A project of 200 plots for an urban orchard on-site at Parque de las Aguas was created, where individual citizens, social groups, and companies can rent the lots to cultivate their own produce. The orchards hold educational programming for patrons and visitors as well. (Ref. 1,2,4)
Address

Parque del Agua, Luis Buñuel
Zaragoza
Spain

Area boundary
POINT (-0.898826 41.675642)
POINT (-0.902088 41.675866)
POINT (-0.900157 41.678719)
POINT (-0.899298 41.678527)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
Ref. 1 Pliegos Huertos Urbanos
Total area
9446.00m²
NBS area
6230.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2008
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2012
End date of the intervention
2013
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
This NBS is designed to meet the following objectives:
- Prepare the parcels for agricultural uses (Ref. 1)
- Manage the plots for urban rental orchards and units (Ref. 1)
- Promote the sale of products and services related to the urban gardens (Ref. 1)
- Disseminate knowledge of and stimulate agricultural practices (Ref. 1)
- Encourage citizens to access new forms of leisure and consumption that are more sustainable (Ref. 2)
- Preserve the agricultural heritage of the city (Ref. 2)
Quantitative targets
200 parcels (30 m2 each) (Ref. 2)
Each plot must have 5% of its surface area set aside to reinforce biodiversity (Ref. 7)
At least 25% of the plots and common areas will ensure access for persons with limited mobility (Ref. 1)
Monitoring indicators defined
Cut to CO2 emissions in production and transportation in % (Ref. 6,7)
Inclusion of "Km0" products in local markets (Ref. 7)
% of the plots and common areas will ensure access for persons with limited mobility (Ref. 1)
number of parcels (30 m2 each) (Ref. 2)
% of each plot's surface area set aside to reinforce biodiversity (Ref. 7)
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Please specify "other Type of NBS project"
Food production: cultivate their own produce. The orchards hold educational programming for patrons and visitors as well related to these topics (Ref. 1,2,4)
Implementation activities
Development of 200 parcels (30 m2 each) (Ref. 2)
Implementation of courses, workshops and horticultural training of all kinds (Ref. 1)
Promotion of outdoor activities for healthy leisure, generational and social exchange, organic farming, education in demanding consumption and local products (Ref. 2)
Total area of 9 446 m2; Total area of the orchards: 6.230 m2; Paths and common areas 2.404 m2; Service buildings 150 m2'Snack bar 250 m2; Barbecue area 285 m2; Area for reservations 127 m2 (Ref. 1)
Flattening of hills into terraces; drainage and preparation of soil for cultivation; substitution of soil in areas not apt for cultivation; installation of a localized watering system; clearing of paths and services for access; Installation of a security fence around the plots; installation of surveillance system; construction of office space, toilets, storage for tools and a snack store; organization of a waste collection system that separates solids from non-solids, organics from non-organics. (Ref. 1)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Community gardens and allotments
Allotments
Horticulture
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
200 (Ref 1)
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
'Urban orchard'(Ref. 1,2,4); Total area of the orchards: 6.230 m2 (Ref 1)
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Picnic and barbecue area; Shop; Nursery (Ref. 2)
Greenhouse (Ref. 4)
Please specify "other marginalized group"
At least 25% of the plots and common areas will ensure access for persons with limited mobility (Ref. 1)
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Raw materials
Medicinal resources
Genetic materials from all biota
Habitat and supporting services
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Recreation
Mental and physical health and wellbeing
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Physical and experiential interactions with plants and animals
Social and community interactions
Please specify "other regulating service"
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Please specify "other primary beneficiary"
At least 25% of the plots and common areas will ensure access for persons with limited mobility (Ref. 1)
Please specify other local relevant strategy
food production plan: The Huertas Life KM0 is the city plan to revitalize the orchards around the periphery of Zaragoza and create a green ring for food provision around the city. (ref 6)
Governance
Governance arrangements
Non-government actors
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
Municipal government, lead organizer of the project (Ref. 1)
ZGZ@Desarrollo Expo S.A, planning organization for the Zaragoza Expo to which the construction of the park is tied to (Ref. 1)
Plantae is the private company that won the bid for the assignment and management of the orchards. (Ref. 2)
EU funding support for Huerta LIFE programme/ AgroEco Cities network, which promotes urban orchards and agroeco practices in peri-urban areas of Zaragoza (Ref. 6,7)
Key actors - initiating organization
Land owners
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
EU body
Local government/municipality
Private sector/corporate actor/company
Citizens or community group
Land owners
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
Zaragoza Expo 2008 Plan as plan for spatial planning of the larger park and the use of its space (ref1)
Huertas Life Plan incorporates these orchards into the city's green belt of community gardens around its periphery. (ref 6)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The Huertas Life KM0 is the city plan to revitalize the orchards around the periphery of Zaragoza and create a green ring for food provision around the city. (ref 6)
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
The Huertas Life KM0 is the city plan to revitalize the orchards around the periphery of Zaragoza and create a green ring for food provision around the city. (ref 6)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
'Urban orchard', 'urban garden' (Ref. 1,2,4)
'vegetables, greens, culinary, aromatic, medicinal, and ornamental plants' (Ref. 2)
a waste collection system that separates solids from non-solids, organics from non-organics. (Ref. 1)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
Huertas Life, the orchard is part of Zaragoza's network of orchards in the periphery of the city. (ref 1) The intervention is also part of the larger LIFEkm0 initiative in Zaragoza connected to the European Union's Life program. The LIFE program's platform allows each project to share its reports and plans through their database. (ref 5)

"The 'Walking towards a European Network of AgroEco Cities' International Conference was held in mid-December 2016. It was organized by Zaragoza Council within the framework of the Huertas Life Km0 programme. Representatives from cities keen to create this network came together alongside council experts and representatives, and social organisations and movements actively involved in developing urban agroeco experiences." (ref 7)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The LIFE network is a funding scheme from the European Union to support environmental and sustainable development projects. For Zaragoza, this involved the Orchard network as a green ring around the city. (Ref. 6)
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Yes
Co-governance arrangement
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
300 000 euro (ref 2)
Plots cost 35 euro a month for individual citizens, they also offer special program for NGOs and private companies. (ref 3)
Please specify other source of funding
Rental fees for plots (Ref. 1,2)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
The intervention is part of the larger efforts to create a green belt around the city of Zaragoza in order to provide access to locally grown foods. (ref 6)
Please specify social innovation
The orchards transform a space that is prone to flooding as they is beside the banks of the Ebro river. (ref 1)
The social function of the orchards is ensured through their educational workshops open to members and the public that promote agriculture in the setting of Zaragoza. (ref 4)
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
The intervention is documented as an EU LIFE project, so its details are part of a database of LIFE projects from where it could influence the development of other projects. (ref 5)
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Total area of the orchards: 6.230 m2 (Ref. 1)
Drainage and preparation of soil for cultivation; substitution of soil in areas not apt for cultivation (Ref. 1); The orchards transform a space that is prone to flooding as they are beside the banks of the Ebro river. (ref 1)
Description of economic benefits
Increased opportunities for income generation through sales of products and services related to the urban gardens (Ref. 1)
Description of social and cultural benefits
Promotion of outdoor activities for healthy leisure, generational and social exchange, organic farming, education in demanding consumption and local products (Ref. 2)
Horticulture workshops given, with teaching having reached more than 600 people in the city (Ref. 4)
At least 25% of the plots and common areas will ensure access for persons with limited mobility (Ref. 1)
The social function of the orchards is ensured through their educational workshops open to members and the public that promote agriculture in the setting of Zaragoza. (ref 4)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Area of orchards (m2) (Ref. 1); Outdoor activities (Ref. 2); Educational reach (# of people) (Ref. 4); % of accessible spaces (Ref. 1)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
According to the Facebook page, the gardens have been opened (with varying COVID-related limitations) since May 2020 (Ref. 8)
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
Attachment Size
Ref. 1 Pliego Huertos Urbanos (919.27 KB) 919.27 KB
List of references
1. Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza. (2012). Parque del Agua "Luis Buñuel" Zaragoza. [Document provided].

2. Europa Press. (2013). El 90% de los huertos urbanos del Parque del Agua estan ocupados y cultvados. Available at: http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/1884507/0/ [Accessed: 9 September 2020].

3. Hortals. (n.d.). Huertos Ciudadanos. [Not available in 2020].

4. Rillo, A. (2014). Los huertos del Parque del Agua ya tiene una tienda y un aula. El Periodico de Aragon. Available at: http://www.elperiodicodearagon.com/noticias/aragon/huertos-parque-agua-ya-tienen-tienda-aula_970849.html [Accessed: 9 September 2020].

5. European Commission. (n.d.). Life Programme. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/easme/en/life [Accessed: 9 September 2020].

6. Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza. (2017). HUERTAS LIFE KM0. Available at: http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad/medioambiente/life.htm#huertas [Accessed: 9 September 2020].

7. Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza. (2017). Proyecto Huertas Life: Layman's report. Available at: https://www.zaragoza.es/contenidos/medioambiente/huertas/Informe-Layman.pdf [Accessed: 9 September 2020].

8. Hortals. (n.d.). Hortals. Huertos Ecologicos Urbanos. Facebook page. Available at: https://www.facebook.com/hortals/ [Accessed: 9 September 2020].
Comments and notes
Additional insights
2020 comments:
Section 2/ Monitoring Indicators: no references found for the indicators listed below, so I've moved it to this section.
- Area of green space created
- Amount of people that sign-up for eco-courses

Section 6/ Indicators: These were listed in the last review, but they’re applicable to the Huertas Life project, not necessarily the Parque del Agua Urban Orchards project. I’ve moved them to this section.
- 26 hectares of ecological agriculture. (green space, climate action, regeneration and land use)
- 22 new jobs. (economic development)
- 32% reduction in GG emissions by changing to ecological agriculture. (climate action)
- 10.76 t less CO2 in transportation. (climate action)
- Trading in 1 municipal market and 10 neighbourhood shops. (sustainable consumption, economic development)
- Products in 2 public centres and 5 hostelry establishments. (sustainable consumption)
(all from Ref. 7)
Public Images
Image
Urban Orchards 1
Source: Ref. 2
Image
Urban Orchards 2
Source: Ref. 4, Chus Marchador