1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Addis Ababa
Region
Africa
Short description of the intervention
The Ras Mekonnen Urban Park is part of a larger intervention developed by ICLEI (an international NGO focused on the promotion of sustainable development) with the Addis Ababa municipality alongside the Shega river that crosses a nearby neighbourhood. The location of the park was initially used by locals as a dumping site affecting not only the quality of life of the inhabitants but also contributing to the environmental degradation of the area. As more and more people discarded their waste here, the small river running through the site, a tributary of the Shega River, became increasingly overgrown and inaccessible, resulting in a derelict, run-down space in an otherwise vibrant urban area. As such, action was needed, which eventually resulted in the rehabilitation of the river and the creation of the park, which now can be enjoyed by all the inhabitants of the Ras Makonnen neighbourhood. (1,2)
Address

1000 Addis Ababa
Ethiopia

Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2017
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2017
End date of the intervention
2019
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
The main objectives of the intervention include:
1. To prevent erosion on the banks of the Shega river, a river that meanders through the entire Addis Ababa.
2. To transform a previous derelict and dumping space into a green area fit to serve a local population and enhance ecological services.
3. To inform the broader rehabilitation and revitalisation of the Shega River, thereby realising one of the city’s aims of creating a greener, more inclusive Addis.
4. To help prevent landslides, provide shade and restore previously damaged ecosystems attracting a wide range of birds and insects.
5. To restore the riverfront and its urban agriculture component that will provide green job opportunities for residents.
6. To raise awareness regarding the benefits of nature in cities, and to involve as many residents as possible, residents of different genders, cultural backgrounds, and ages.
7. To protect recreational areas for the local population and procure title deeds for public spaces to protect them from illegal encroachment.(1,2,3,4)
Quantitative targets
Conducting 1 workshop with local inhabitants to discuss the intervention
Serving approx. 160K citizens, inhabitants of the Harar neighborhood, where the intervention is implemented (1,2,3)
Monitoring indicators defined
Number of people benefiting from the intervention
Number of workshops implemented (1,2,3)
Climate change adaptation: What were the goals of the NBS?
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Implementation activities
In 2017, UN-Habitat selected the capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, to perform a citywide assessment of public spaces. The organization partnered with the Addis Ababa City Administration Beautification, Parks and Cemetery Development and Administration Authority to complete two assessments of all districts, called woredas, through 2018.
The assessment identified 2,040 public spaces in the city. However, some areas lacked features to serve the public, such as a hilltop school for the blind accessed by an aged, uneven staircase. The assessment also considered the safety perception of specific areas and found that nearly 20% of public spaces were perceived as “not safe.” Given the priorities of improving accessibility and safety (especially for women and girls), the city became a clear choice for site selection.
UN-Habitat and partners then set out to conduct an analysis of urban legislation, by-laws, and plans in Addis Ababa. By understanding the city's layout, the team aims to create a city-wide public space strategy and action plan. By using a workshop methodology developed by UN-Habitat involving the computer game Minecraft, the collaborators managed to get a diverse local community, including women and youth, involved in redesigning this public open space. A four-day workshop was held where city officials and community stakeholders were briefed about the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services for human well-being and invited to think creatively and outside the constraints of the current site. By the end of the workshop, 12 designs in Minecraft were submitted to the Addis Ababa City Administration, and they formed the basis of the final design for the site.
The river tributaries were uncovered, trees were planted, gabions were built to prevent erosion, as well as a playground, lawns, benches, bins, and a bike lane. (1,2,3,4)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Blue infrastructure
Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries
Parks and urban forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
Smart technologies, a network of bike lanes and a bike-sharing scheme and walkways and small bridges that connect with the network of public spaces (2)
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Flood regulation
Pollination
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Researchers, university
Coalition with multiple of the above
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The intervention was a collaboration between UN-Habitat, the Addis Ababa City Administration, and the SwedBio funded Urban Natural Assets: Rivers for Life project led by ICLEI Cities Biodiversity Center, and it breathed new life into the neglected site by focusing on the river and creating a new park. (2)
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Non-government organisation/civil society
Researchers/university
Multilateral organisation
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
No
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
Not necessarily a response to a local strategy, but as a follow-up, as part of the intervention, UN-Habitat is developing Park Management Manuals, River Front Design Guidelines for the Sheger River and The People-Centred Public Space Design Manuals to support and preserve the lessons learned from these project, as well as ensure that its impact is a lasting one with the Municipality of Addis Ababa. (2)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
No
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The intervention is part of the Urban Natural Assets for Africa: Rivers for Life (UNA Rivers) project, which expanded to other cities such as Kisumu (Kenya), Nacala (Mozambique), Lilongwe (Malawi). (1)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
Total cost
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
Unknown
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Type of non-financial contribution
Type of innovation
Please specify technological innovation
The intervention used a Minecraft technology to design the park, integrated into a stakeholder process (5).
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Replicability/Transferability
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
Unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Though no reports regarding this intervention were issued, a source mentions that the actions implemented helped with the landslides in the area, as well as creating shaded areas (from the trees planted) and restoring a damaged ecosystem by attracting an unspecified species of birds and insects. (2)
Description of economic benefits
According to source no.3, women with children and youth nearby have started coming to the park, and the greenery management and administration activity have provided job opportunities to those living in the area. (3)
Description of social and cultural benefits
As part of the Urban Natural Assets for Africa: Rivers for Life (UNA Rivers) project, which aims to enable city planning that sustainably manages and integrates the natural asset base, various approaches for community activation in relation to urban planning have been implemented (Minecraft). UN-Habitat, through its Global Programme on Public Space, has effectively been using Minecraft as a catalyst to improve governance and increase the levels of participation, efficiency and accountability in the development and implementation of urban public policies. As a participatory planning tool, the Minecraft methodology was found to be an effective means to influence and increase community engagement in an African context. Such bottom-up approaches provide a framework for continued engagement between city officials and other relevant stakeholders, and the project teams hope, will ultimately contribute to the sustainability of plans and on the ground change. Both process and design are critical for successful implementation when designing public open spaces in African cities. (5)
The implementation of the project has improved the population safety from landslides (2)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Unknown
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Unknown. As of April 20th 2022, no indication related to the issues pertaining to Covid19.
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. Inclusive urban park replaces informal waste dumping site in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. (2019, October 31). ICLEI. https://cbc.iclei.org/inclusive-urban-park-replaces-informal-waste-dumping-site-in-addis-ababa-ethiopia/ (accessed 20-04-2022)
2. “Promoting Health and Wellbeing through Urban Forests and Green Public Spaces in Kenya and Ethiopia | UN-Habitat.” n.d. Unhabitat.org. Accessed April 20, 2022. https://unhabitat.org/promoting-health-and-wellbeing-through-urban-forests-and-green-public-spaces-in-kenya-and-ethiopia. (accessed 20-04-2022)
3. Habitat, Photo: UN. 2020. “Using Minecraft to Redesign Urban Spaces.” SwedBio. February 18, 2020. https://swed.bio/news/using-minecraft-to-redesign-urban-spaces/.
‌ (accessed 20-04-2022)
4. “Crafting Better Cities with Nature.” 2017. ICLEI. December 12, 2017. http://cbc.iclei.org/participatory-planning-rivers-riversides-case-study-addis-ababa/. (accessed 20-04-2022)
5. “Building an Accessible, Sustainable Waterfront in Addis Ababa.” n.d. Block by Block. Accessed April 20, 2022. https://www.blockbyblock.org/projects/addisababa.



Comments and notes
Additional insights
The river tributaries were uncovered, trees were planted, gabions were built to prevent erosion, as well as a playground, lawns, benches, bins, and a bike lane. The beautiful old fountain was renovated and a solar light system was installed in the main plaza. The riverfront will also be equipped with amenities including smart technologies, a network of bike lanes and a bike-sharing scheme and walkways and small bridges that connect with the network of public spaces. (1,2,3,4)
Public Images
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Photo 1
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Photo 2
Photo 2
https://cbc.iclei.org/inclusive-urban-park-replaces-informal-waste-dumping-site-in-addis-ababa-ethiopia/
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Photo 3
Photo 3
https://cbc.iclei.org/inclusive-urban-park-replaces-informal-waste-dumping-site-in-addis-ababa-ethiopia/