1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Bologna
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Parco Città Campagna - Villa Bernaroli
Short description of the intervention
The project addresses a current issue: the integration between cities and the countryside, and the relationship between the urban and the agricultural context. The NBS focuses on enhancing the west peri-urban area of Bologna through the promotion, recovery and valorisation of old rural settlements as new nodes of the productive-fruit network (4). The intervention is extended over 50 ha of municipal property and focuses on natural restoration of the rural landscape and the infrastructure in proximity of it in order to improve local agricultural businesses and recreational activities. As of July 2020, the project is still in full force.
Address

Via Morazzo 3
40132 Bologna
Italy

Total area
500000.00m²
NBS area
500000.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Please specify “other type of area” before implementation of the NBS
The NBS before implementation was a rural communal area next to Bologna, with agricultural fields that were abandoned (1)
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2006
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2008
End date of the intervention
ongoing
Present stage of the intervention
Please specify "other" stage of the intervention
The project has been inaugurated and several proposals for interventions were collected. Right now the project is in its second phase: the implementation phase, which is supposed to be completed in 2018 (4 and 5).
Goals of the intervention
The NBS has the following goals (Ref. 4):
- Promotion of innovative and sustainable landscape planning.
- Landscape protection.
- Quality improvement in the local environment, including cultural heritage, buildings, public spaces and landscapes.
- Educational programs for the protection and planning of rural environments.
- Conservation and re-qualification of existing natural landscapes.
- Involvement of residents and raising awareness.
- Following the targets set by the European Convention on Landscapes.
- Promotion of a sustainable culture through public participation in the decision-making process.
Quantitative targets
The project has an extensive list of targets, available at this link: http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/download/ci_IIparte.pdf

Major topics cover: landscape unity; ecological network of provincial and local level; natura 2000 network and protected area system; hydrographic Network and Conservation and Valorisation of River Demand and Protection, recovery and valorisation of river and peripheral areas; vulnerability; forestry systems. Targets are not stated in an explicitly quantitative way (7).
Monitoring indicators defined
Unknown
What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets?
Implementation activities
The area is ​​approximately 50 hectares of municipal property on which are mostly farmed agricultural land and rural courts that could be retrained for the establishment of agricultural, recreational and social activities. The project involves the landscaping of green areas of municipal property with the introduction of new activities, as well as the implementation of those already present on the territory. In addition to creating a true park with cycling and pedestrian paths, the natural characterization of natural features will be guaranteed by biological and biodynamic uses, through an agricultural company that will implement the existing zero-kilometer organic market. Educational and social activities will also be directed to nature: for example, educational gardens, social reintegration of people with psychological discomfort through green maintenance work, hippotherapy, etc (2, 8, 11 and 12).
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Parks and urban forests
Other
Community gardens and allotments
Allotments
Community gardens
Please specify "other parks or (semi)natural urban green area"
It is a country side park of 50 ha formed from previous agricultural terrains.
Please specify the number of plots or allotment gardens
Unknown
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS
cycling routes
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Regulating services
Local climate regulation (temperature reduction)
Air quality regulation
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Maintenance of genetic diversity
Cultural services
Tourism
Aesthetic appreciation
Recreation
Mental and physical health and wellbeing
Intellectual interactions (scientific and / or educational)
Social and community interactions
Other
Please specify "other cultural service"
A center for disadvantaged and people with particular disability will be opened as well, so that people being assistance will be able to enjoy the natural and pleasant landscape (2, 8, and 11). Educational programs for the protection and planning of rural environments (attachment 4)
Scale
Spatial scale
Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Non-government actors
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Private sector/Corporate/Business
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
An agricultural company was given the application phase of the NBS while the Fondazione Villa Ghigi has been involved as well (2 and 12).
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Regional government
Local government/municipality
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Yes
Please specify the "Regional Directive/Strategy"
It was designed respecting the EU regulation on landscape planning (4 and 12).
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
It was part of the implementation of the Project for Protection, Recovery and Enhancement (L.R. 20/2000 – art.49) (2).
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
The following regulations are at the basis of this project (2, 4 and 12):
- L.R. 24/03/2000 n. 20 “Disciplina generale sulla tutela e l'uso del territorio”;
- Piano Territoriale di Coordinamento Provinciale della Provincia di Bologna;
- Documento Preliminare al Piano Strutturale Comunale di Bologna; and
- documento di indirizzo per gli spazi verdi non urbani.
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Intervention is mandatory
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The project is part of the 2010 Planning Agreement with the Region Emilia-Romagna, the Province of Bologna and the Municipalities of Anzola dell'Emilia, Casalecchio di Reno, Crespellano and Zola Predosa, aiming to implement (Law 20/2000 - art.49) for the realisation of a large City-Country Park in the west of Bologna, with which the Municipality of Bologna has pledged to run its own project for the City-Campground Park Of Villa Bernaroli (2, 9 and 12).
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The financing comes from the Region mostly and from some associations (4 and 12).
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Yes
Co-governance arrangement
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
€ 6.000.000 (4)
Non-financial contribution
No
Please specify technological innovation
The focus is on renewing the buildings located in the area and redesigning the local cultivation scheme to make it more sustainable (2, 4 and 12).
Please specify social innovation
The NBS partly focuses on the environmental education and incentivation of rural tourism (2, 4 and 12).
Novelty level of the innovation
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
Unknown
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
The project would like to be an exemplary model for other urban rural areas addressing the theme of redefining the relationship between city and country with the reintroduction of agriculture as a system of production of goods and cultural activities in suburban areas. For this reason, a Planning Agreement with the Emilia Romagna Region aimed at implementing a project of protection, recovery and enhancement (L.R. 20/2000 - art.49) was signed in 2010. The project involves the Province of Bologna and the Municipalities of Anzola
Emilia, Casalecchio di Reno, Crespellano and Zola Predosa. Similare experiences already in progress in other municipalities, such as the management of the Park of Chiusa di Casalecchio or of the Park-Landscape of Zola Predosa, prove the urgency and importance of working in this direction at the metropolitan level (1).
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
The environmental benefits of the NBS consist in the fact that up to 1 mil inhabitants of the area are benefiting from a natural park. Up to 40 ha of derelict and agricultural terrain has been transformed in green areas and their usability has been transformed. Also, it is worth mentioning that through the NBS an agricultural lifestyle has been preserved and it helped connect visitors and locals to it(4). From a climate change point of view, the NBS helped to lower the local temperatures through the vegetation that was planted considering the area was derelict before the implementation of the NBS. This fact is mentioned but no indicators are provided (Ref 3).
Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Description of social and cultural benefits
This NBS is particularly important from a cultural heritage point of view because it has restored old buildings and transformed them in community centres (realization of a solidarity condominium experience that is, of a house with spaces shared between the inhabitants to be integrated with service spaces for visitors to the park), sports centres (construction of an equestrian sports facility for practice rehabilitation and rehabilitation activities (hippotherapy) and promotion of amateur sports activity) and a centre for people with disabilities (construction of a service centre for the reception of people with relational disturbances and/or psychic-mental discomfort, in particular, reference to the possibility of providing support to families with affected children from these pathologies) (4, 5) Some of the buildings have been rehabilitated, others still lack funds, as of July 2020.
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Inhabitants of the area served by the park (1 mil inhabitants);
Area od derelict and agricultural terrain transformed (up to 40 ha);
The decrease in local temperature (Ref 3).
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
The pandemic impacted the NBS in the sense that the green areas were closed, however on the website of the NBS during the pandemic citizens were advised to stay at home, were given recipes, book suggestions, online exhibitions. In July 2020 the municipality alongside the park is preparing a physical exercise course for adults. (12)
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
Yes
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknown.
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
Attachment Size
Project presentation (2.37 MB) 2.37 MB
Area of the project (119.17 KB) 119.17 KB
Rural landscape (772.42 KB) 772.42 KB
List of references
1. Comune di Bologna (2013), Parco città campagna di villa Bernaroli, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/news/parco-citt-campagna-di-villa-bernaroli, (Accessed 19-6-2020)

2. Comune di Bologna (2013), ATTUAZIONE DEL PROGETTO PARCO CITTA -CAMPAGNA DI VILLA BERNAROLI .INDIRIZZI PER L'AFFIDAMENTO DI IMMOBILI DI PROPRIETA COMUNALE, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/sites/default/files/documenti/Delibera%20Parco%20citt%C3%A0%20campagna.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

3. Comune di Bologna (no date), Villa Bernaroli - terreni agricoli, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/sites/default/files/documenti/Scheda%20terreni%20agricoli.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

4. Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (no date), Parco Città Campagna - Villa Bernaroli (Bologna), Available at http://www.sinanet.isprambiente.it/gelso/banca-dati/comune/comune-di-bologna/villa-bernaroli-bologna-il-progetto-parco-citta-campagna (Accessed 19-6-2020)

5. Comune di Bologna (no date), Progetto Villa Bernaroli: parco città campagna, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/index.html (Accessed 19-6-2020)

6. Comune di Bologna (no date), Progetto Villa Bernaroli: parco città campagna Le campagne urbane nel dibattito internazionale e nella normative, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/download/campagne_urbane.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

7. Comune di Bologna (2006), Comitato Interistituzionale elaborazione PSC Gruppo di lavoro spazi verdi non urbani, Documento di indirizzo per gli spazi verdi non urbani, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/download/ci_Iparte.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

8. Comune di Bologna (2005), Project description and to do list, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/download/ci_IIparte.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

9. Comune di Bologna (no date), Stakeholders, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/download/comitato.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

10. Comune di Bologna (no date), Progetto Villa Bernaroli: parco città campagna Tutela, ripristino e arricchimento del paesaggio rurale, Available at http://www.comune.bologna.it/laboratoriovillabernaroli/download/territorio.pdf (Accessed 19-6-2020)

11. Comune di Bologna (no date), Progetto Villa Bernaroli: parco città campagna (project description), Available at https://naturvation.eu/nbs/bologna/villa-bernaroli-peri-urban-rural-park, (Accessed 19-6-2020)

12. Centro Sociale e Orti Vila Bernaroli (no date), News section, Available at https://www.villabernaroli.it/ (Accessed 19-6-2020)
Comments and notes