1. General information Location and description of the intervention City or FUA Dublin (FUA) Region Europe Short description of the intervention Pollution from roadways is often carried by rainwater into gullies, which then direct this runoff to the nearest watercourse, ultimately polluting local rivers and degrading water quality (1). To address this issue, Dublin City Council is exploring potential green infrastructure solutions to reduce roadway pollution in rivers, focusing on nine pilot sites within the Dodder catchment area (1). Green infrastructure has the advantage of treating pollutants before they enter rivers or watercourses, which can significantly improve water quality in the area (1). In addition to enhancing water quality, green infrastructure helps manage flood risks by slowing water flow to rivers, which can lessen the frequency and severity of flood events (1). These green spaces also foster biodiversity, creating more pleasant and ecologically supportive environments for the community (1). As an added benefit, green infrastructure serves as an important climate change adaptation strategy (1). Upon completion of these pilots, Dublin City Council plans to expand successful methods to other locations across the city and potentially further afield (1). The project will involve creating new green spaces, enhancing existing ones, and transforming certain hard surfaces, all of which will contribute to protecting the Dodder and Santry rivers. By treating roadway runoff before it reaches the rivers, the initiative will also offer valuable benefits to the local community (2). The proposed changes will be designed to support health and well-being, provide informal play areas, attract desirable wildlife, reduce flood risks, and help urban areas adapt to the impacts of climate change (2). The Council also plans to monitor the performance of these green infrastructure measures to assess their effectiveness in filtering pollutants from roadway runoff (1). Website of the intervention https://www.caro.ie/projects-research/case-studies/dodder-and-santry-rainscapes Principal problems Climate-Related Hazards River flooding Urban flooding (stormwater) Other Please specify other principal problem Water pollution Implementation area characterization Climate Temperate ( Humid subtropical, Hot-summer Mediterranean, Warm-summer Mediterranean, Warm-temperate with dry winter) Ecosystem Urban or built environment Address Herbert Cottages Dublin D04 V2X5 Ireland Location The NBS is a city-wide initiative, the GIS point marks the centre of the city Area boundary (map-based) Area description Urban (main city) Type of area before implementation of the NBS Roads / Roadsides Timeline of intervention Start date of the intervention (planning process) 2021 Start date of intervention (implementation process) unknown End date of the intervention unknown Present stage of the intervention In planning stage 2. Objectives of the intervention Objectives of the intervention Goals of the intervention The goals of the Dodder Rainscapes project are to: To adapt conventional drainage systems, typically reliant on gullypots and pipes, into a Rainscape by introducing various Sustainable Drainage features (SuDS). To modify rainfall collection methods to slow water flow to watercourses, enabling the removal and natural breakdown of pollutants and thus protecting rivers. To create new green spaces, enhance existing green areas, and alter some hard surfaces to promote environmental and aesthetic benefits. To provide benefits to the local community while protecting the Dodder River by filtering roadway runoff before it reaches the river. To transform the approach to rainfall management, fostering urban environments that are more resilient to climate change. To support health and well-being in the community by providing recreational spaces To provide informal play opportunities and create gathering spaces for the community. To attract desirable wildlife to local green spaces, enhancing biodiversity. To involve the local community in decision making processes (1, 2) Key Priorities Climate action (adaptation and/or mitigation) Biodiversity (conservation and/or restoration) Sustainability challenge(s) addressed Climate action for adaptation, resilience and mitigation (SDG 13) Climate change adaptation Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15) Green space creation and/or management Habitat and biodiversity restoration Regeneration, land-use and urban development Promote natural styles of landscape design for urban development Water management (SDG 6) Flood protection Stormwater and rainfall management and storage Improvements to water quality Health and well-being (SDG 3) Creation of opportunities for recreation Inclusive and effective governance (SDG 16) Inclusive governance Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10) Social interaction Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets? Implement sustainable urban drainage schemes to manage stormwater What types of restoration goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention? Species-focused Ecosystem-focused What activities are implemented to realize the restoration goals and targets? Rehabilitate and restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems Restore native species Restore ecological connectivity Implementation activities and NBS focus Implementation activities To reduce flooding and contribute to healthier blue ecosystems the Doddy River Rainscapes project has engaged in a variety of activites including: 1. Created the project in compliance with the Dublin Water Framework Directive and to further understand the full benefits of this type of approach so that it can be rolled out into other parts of the city in years to come (2). 2. Appointed McCloy Consulting (SuDS designers and Engineers) as a main consultant in delivery of design services (2). 3. Chose a multidisciplinary approach by incorporating Robert Bray Associates (SuDS designers and Landscape Architects) in providing supporting design services (2). 4. Published the Initial concept designs for initial consultation open to review and feedback (2). 5. Conducted site surveys and a public consultation (2). Type of NBS project Creation of semi-natural blue areas Implementation of green areas for water management (e.g. rain gardens) Improved governance of green or blue areas Establishment of inclusive governance mechanisms involving local communities 3. NBS domains, ES and scale NBS domain and interventions Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented Blue infrastructure Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries Green areas for water management Rain gardens Sustainable urban drainage systems Amenities offered by the NBS Other Please specify other amenities offered by the NBS Informal play areas Design elements for well-being Visual elements (e.g., expansive views, scenic views, natural light, diverse vegetation) Services Expected ecosystem services delivered Provisioning services Water (surface and ground water for drinking and non-drinking purposes) Regulating services Water purification / filtration Cultural services Recreation Mental and physical health and wellbeing Scale Spatial scale Sub-microscale: Street scale (including buildings) Beneficiaries Demographics in implementation area The project is located in the Ballsbridge district. The average age in the area is between 25-29 (4). No other social demographics are published for the nearby area. Socio-economic profile of the area Unknown Communities vulnerable to environmental hazards or climate change impacts Yes Specification of climate or environmentally vulnerable communities Riverfront communities Non-government actors Private sector/Corporate/Business Primary Beneficiaries Local government/Municipality Citizens or community groups Young people and children Specify primary beneficiaries The primary goal of the project is to implement rainscapes to help water pollution, and flood management which is beneficial for the local city. The project also intends to benefit the local community to make the areas around rivers look more pleasing, and allow children to play and people to walk around them (3). Marginalized groups Unknown Other beneficiaries Local wildlife (e.g., birds, pollinators) Ecosystem services (e.g. improved air quality, water purification) City infrastructure (e.g., reduced flooding, improved water quality) Public health (e.g. increased physical activity opportunities, reduced stress) 4. Governance and financing Governance Governance arrangements Co-governance with government and non-government actors Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative DCC are funding this project as part of our commitment to comply with the Water Framework Directive and to further understand the full benefits of this type of approach so that it can be rolled out into other parts of the city in years to come. McCloy Consulting (SuDS designers and Engineers) have been appointed by DCC as main consultant in delivery of design services. Robert Bray Associates (SuDS designers and Landscape Architects) are providing supporting design services to McCloy Consulting as part of a multi-disciplinary approach to designing the Rainscapes. Initial concept designs are being developed and there will be public consultation in early summer 2021. (1, 2) Key actors - initiating organization Local government/municipality Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors) Citizens or community group Private sector/corporate actor/company Stages of citizen and community engagement Planning and design (e.g. site selection, identification of key priorities) Level of citizen and community engagement Limited Community empowerment or capacity-building initiatives Creation of collaborative decision-making processes that actively involve community members Participatory methods/forms of stakeholder involvement (all stakeholders) Co-planning (e.g. stakeholder workshops, focus groups, participatory mapping) Consultation (e.g. workshop, surveys, community meetings, town halls) Uncommon actors ("Missing actors") Unknown Land owners Public space owned by the city Policy drivers NBS intervention implemented in response to a Regional Directive/Strategy Yes Please specify the "Regional Directive/Strategy" EU Water Frameworks Directive (2) NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan Yes Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan Ireland Climate Change Policy (2) If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme/type of the plan National Water Plan/Strategy NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan Yes Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan" Dublin Climate Change Action Plan (2) Relevant strategy or plan City specific climate change policy or plan Mandatory or voluntary intervention Mandatory (based on policy) Intervention is mandatory Environmental regulation Enablers & Barriers Type of enablers Governance innovations (such as public private partnerships) City network or regional partnerships focused on climate change, sustainability, GI or NBS in the city Please provide details (e.g, name of the plan or strategy) for the selected policies or initiatives. Governance innovations: the project is based on a partnership between the local municipality and private actors. City network: The rainscapes project is a pilot project from city council to test out green infrastructure in 9 locations in Dublin (2) Governace and decison-making instruments Legislative and regulatory instruments (e.g. laws, strategies, regulations or restrictions) Strategic instruments (e.g. GI strategies, green space strategy or plans) Public - private business agreement (e.g. public private collaborations, public-private-partnerships (PPP)) Arrangements for governance cooperation Unknown Barriers Unknown. Financing Total cost Unknown Please specify total cost (EUR) The total cost of the project is not publicly disclosed but the funding is coming from Dublin City Council. What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements? n/a Source(s) of funding Public local authority budget Type of fund(s) used Earmarked public budget Non-financial contribution Unknown Co-finance for NBS No Entrepreneurship opportunities No Business models Business models Green health model Urban offsetting model (biodiversity or water) Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model? Public actor (e.g. municipality) 5. Evaluation and learning Impacts, benefits Environmental impacts Water management and blue areas Improved water quality Expected improved water quality Increased protection against flooding Expected increased protection against flooding Green space and habitat Increased green space area Expected increased green space area Description of environmental benefits 1. Increased protection against flooding: "The “rainscape” would temporarily hold rainwater during times of heavy rainfall and urban runoff, he said." (3) 2. Improved water quality: "The benefits of using green infrastructure is that it can treat pollutants before they enter the river or water course. This will improve the water quality in the local river." (2) 3. Increased green space area: "The project aims to create new green spaces, make enhancements to existing green spaces and change the appearance of some hard surfaces. This will provide benefits to the local community and at the same time protect the Dodder and Santry rivers by cleaning the rainwater that flows off our roads before it gets to the river." (2) Description of economic benefits No economic benefits are mentioned. Social and cultural impacts Social justice and cohesion Improved access to urban green space Expected improved access to urban green space Increased opportunities for social interaction Expected increased opportunities for social interaction Health and wellbeing Improved physical health Expected improved physical health Description of social and cultural benefits 1. Improved physical health: The proposed changes will be designed to provide the benefits to the local community and where appropriate opportunities will be taken to: Support health and wellbeing; Provide informal play opportunity." (2) 2. Improved access to urban green space: "They’ll also add footbridges, informal play spaces, and places for people to gather, he said." (3) 3. Increased opportunities for social interaction: "They’ll also add footbridges, informal play spaces, and places for people to gather, he said." (3) Evidence for use of assessment Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process Yes Actors involved in the assessment, monitoring or evaluation of NBS impacts Local government/municipality Presence of indicators used in reporting No evidence in public records Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports No evidence in public records Availability of a web-based monitoring tool No evidence in public records Name of any specific impact assessment tools n/a Use of GIS in mapping impacts No evidence in public records Cost-benefit analysis Unknown Transparency Clear communication channels for stakeholders to provide feedback, raise concerns, and ask questions about the project Justice Community satisfaction Unknown Description of locals satisfaction with the project No public reviews of the project are available. Trade-offs & Negative impacts Unknown Emphasis of existing social inequalities or injustices No information reported related to negative social justice-related impacts of the NBS project Measures to prevent gentrification or displacement No initiatives or policies were implemented High-quality & Transformative NBS Multiple impacts delivery (climate, biodiversity, just community) No Goal setting and impacts delivery In the planning phase, the project aimed to address issues in all 3 key priority areas, but impacts were not delivered in all three key areas. Reaching original project goals Inconclusive as the project is still undergoing implementation, or is still on its planning stages Long-term perspective Unknown: No information about the project's long-term sustainability. Cost-effective solutions Unknown Equitable impacts A. All stakeholders benefit fairly from the project Transformative capacity Technical change (e.g. built infrastructure of cities and their parts, roads, buildings and so on) Magnitude of change Incremental: shallow; that is, mostly maintaining business-as-usual approaches to adaptation Application of lessons learned Unknown Perception of Environmental Change No 6. Sources References 1. CARO (n.d.). Dodder and Santry Rainscapes. [Source link] [Archive]; 2. Dublin City Council (n.d.). River Dodder Rainscapes. [Source link] [Archive]; 3. Dalby, C (2023). Council Plans to Add “Rainscapes” in Five Places in the City to Sop up Heavy Rainfall. [Source link] [Archive]; 4. Central Statistics Office (n.d.). Census Interactive Map . [Source link] [Archive]; Comments and notes Public Images Image Proposals include the installation of permeable paving in parking areas and the construction of a raingarden. Surface water flow will be collected in the paving and garden and allow for removal of pollutants from the road, prior to discharge to the Dodder Dublin City Council Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Proposals include the installation of permeable paving in parking areas and the construction of a raingarden. Surface water flow will be collected in the paving and garden and allow for removal of pollutants from the road, prior to discharge to the Dodder Dublin City Council
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes
Image Project locations https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/protection-water-bodies/green-infastructure/river-santry-and-river-dodder-rainscapes