1. General information Location and description of the intervention City or FUA Lima (FUA) Region Latin America and the Caribbean Native title of the NBS intervention Programa "Molihuertos" Short description of the intervention In response to rising food prices and knowing that much of the country's agriculture depends on imported chemical fertilisers, the Municipality of La Molina has developed the Molihuertos programme to provide the residents of the district of La Molina with organic crops for their own consumption and to improve their food security (1, 3). As part of the programme, the municipality implemented municipal plots in different parks in the district. Eleven plots were installed in O'Higgins Park, where residents actively participate in the planting and subsequent harvesting of vegetables, aromatic and medicinal plants, which they consume by themselves (2, 3). Through the programme, the municipality trains and provides different varieties of vegetables and aromatic herbs to more than 800 currently enrolled residents (2). These gardens are managed under organic agriculture, which would help to mitigate a possible overpricing and/or shortage of vegetables in Lima, as they do not depend on chemical fertilisers such as urea, but on organic fertilisers such as compost and manure (3). In addition, residents can sign up to receive drawers with planted vegetables so that they can plant and harvest them at home, either for self-sufficiency or to sell if they wish to do so in the itinerant markets organised by the municipality (9). Website of the intervention https://portal.munimolina.gob.pe/molihuertos-y-fonoarbol/ Principal problems Land use and Socio-economic change Agriculture/ crop production Resource Scarcity and Competition Food insecurity due to disruptions in food production and distribution Implementation area characterization Climate Arid (Desert, Steppe) Ecosystem Urban or built environment Address Parque O’Higgins, C. El Cortijo, Lima 15024, Peru La Molina Peru Location The NBS is situated in an area, with clear delineation of boundaries and a specific shape (polygon). The NBS project can also have more than one area location (more than one polygon, situated close by). Area boundary (map-based) Area description Urban (main city) Type of area before implementation of the NBS Public Greenspace Area Timeline of intervention Start date of the intervention (planning process) 2020 Start date of intervention (implementation process) 2020 End date of the intervention 2020 Present stage of the intervention Ongoing 2. Objectives of the intervention Objectives of the intervention Goals of the intervention - Provide the residents of the district of La Molina with organic crops for their self-consumption and to improve their food security (1) - Build sustainable cities that are resilient to change (1) - Incentivise the cultivation of staple, pesticide-free food crops in households in the district, to encourage urban agriculture (2) - Allow neighbours to provide for themselves in the event of a famine crisis (3) Key Priorities Social Justice and community Sustainability challenge(s) addressed Green space, habitats and biodiversity (SDG 15) Green space creation and/or management Social justice, cohesion and equity (SDG 10) Environmental education Environmental and climate justice Sustainable consumption and production (SDG 12) Sustainable production Food scarcity / security Implementation activities and NBS focus Implementation activities The municipality has implemented municipal plots in different parks of the commune. One of them is Parque O'Higgins, where 11 plots have been installed. These plots allow residents to actively participate in planting and subsequent harvesting vegetables, aromatic plants, and medicinal plants, which are consumed by residents enrolled in the programme (2, 3). In addition, residents who wish can receive crates of vegetables planted in the park for neighbours to grow and harvest in their homes (9). The district also provides training and different varieties of vegetables and herbs to more than 1000 residents who are currently enrolled in the programme (2, 3). In addition, communication channels have been opened so that residents of La Molina who wish to participate in the Molihuerto programme can talk to specialists in urban agriculture who can guide them in the care of their gardens (2). Type of NBS project Creation of new green areas Creation of areas for food production (community gardens, allotments) 3. NBS domains, ES and scale NBS domain and interventions Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented Community gardens and allotments Community gardens Amenities offered by the NBS Unknown Design elements for well-being None of the above Services Expected ecosystem services delivered Provisioning services Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables) Raw materials Medicinal resources Scale Spatial scale Micro-scale: District/neighbourhood level Beneficiaries Demographics in implementation area The district of La Molina is geographically located in a border area between the Chala region's upper part and the Yunga region's lower part. Two identifiable areas, the first composed of alluvial land, are suitable for agriculture. The second, made up of stony, sandy and desert lands, is not ideal for agriculture, due to the lack of water, and is currently occupied by houses, residences and stone and sand quarries (6). The district has been divided into 7 sectors for a better administration of the municipal service. The inhabitants of La Molina District are mostly women, with an estimated 74,997 people, representing 53% of the total population. According to the last census carried out in 2017, the largest age group corresponds to adults over 65 years of age, comprising 19,374 people in this age range (6). The level of per capita household income in this district is mostly high. There is a smaller proportion of households with upper-middle and middle-income levels, and a low percentage in the low range (7). Socio-economic profile of the area High-income Communities vulnerable to environmental hazards or climate change impacts Unknown Primary Beneficiaries Citizens or community groups Specify primary beneficiaries The Molihuertos programme started as a proposal to provide the residents of the district of La Molina with organic crops for their own consumption and to improve their food security (1) Marginalized groups Unknown Other beneficiaries Unknown 4. Governance and financing Governance Governance arrangements Government-led Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative Municipality of Lima: Initiator and executor of the project. Provides specialists who give training and information to project users on how to care for the gardens (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) Citizens: actors involved in the maintenance of the community gardens, and can start their own gardens at home with the support of the Municipality (2, 3, 4, 5) Schools: in some of the phases of project implementation, pupils from nearby schools have joined implementation sessions run by the Municipality to learn about urban agriculture (7). Key actors - initiating organization Local government/municipality Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors) Citizens or community group Stages of citizen and community engagement On-the-ground implementation Level of citizen and community engagement Moderate Community empowerment or capacity-building initiatives Implementation of educational programs, workshops or trainings Participatory methods/forms of stakeholder involvement (all stakeholders) Deliberative decision-making processes (e.g., consensus building, deliberative polling) Joint implementation (e.g. tree planting) Uncommon actors ("Missing actors") Public Services Schools Land owners Public space owned by the city Policy drivers NBS intervention implemented in response to a Regional Directive/Strategy Unknown NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan Unknown NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan Yes Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan" District's food security Policy (4) Relevant strategy or plan General municipal plan Mandatory or voluntary intervention Mandatory (based on policy) Intervention is mandatory Other Please specify other type of mandatory intervention Food Security Policy Enablers & Barriers Type of enablers Capacity-building projects Please provide details (e.g, name of the plan or strategy) for the selected policies or initiatives. In Lima and Callao, urban agriculture projects have been developed to guarantee the livelihoods and health of citizens, since 2010. These initiatives have been promoted jointly with municipalities and neighbours (3) Governace and decison-making instruments Public - community agreement (e.g. citizen science programs; citizen assemblies) Educational and knowledge sharing instruments (e.g. science/ living labs, awareness raising campaigns, specific educational programs, green hubs) Arrangements for governance cooperation Information-sharing platforms or networks (e.g. websites for sharing best practices, data or resources pertinent to the project) Barriers Unknown Financing Total cost Unknown Please specify total cost (EUR) Unknown What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements? n/a Source(s) of funding Public local authority budget Type of fund(s) used Earmarked public budget Non-financial contribution Yes Who provided the non-financial contribution? Citizens (e.g. volunteering) Type of non-financial contribution Provision of labour Co-finance for NBS Unknown Entrepreneurship opportunities Yes What entrepreneurship opportunities have arisen from the NBS project? Sustainable agriculture or agroforestry businesses What types of actors are leading the entrepreneurship activities linked to the NBS project? Local community groups/ citizens What types of support are provided to entrepreneurs engaged in NBS-related activities? Technical assistance or mentoring Access to markets or supply chains Business models Business models Risk reduction model Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model? Public actor (e.g. municipality) 5. Evaluation and learning Impacts, benefits Environmental impacts Green space and habitat Increased green space area Achieved increased green space area Increased number of species present Achieved increased number of species present Description of environmental benefits - Increased number of species present "The municipality implemented municipal plots in different parks of the district, which is why eleven plots were installed in the O'Higgins park where neighbours actively participate in the sowing and subsequent harvesting of vegetables, aromatic and medicinal plants." (2) Economic impacts Increase in agricultural production (for profit or not) Achieved increase in agricultural production (for profit or not) Description of economic benefits -Increase in agricultural production (for profit or not): "The municipality implemented municipal plots in different parks of the district, which is why eleven plots were installed in the O'Higgins park where neighbours actively participate in the sowing and subsequent harvesting of vegetables, aromatic and medicinal plants, which are consumed by themselves." (2) Social and cultural impacts Social justice and cohesion Improved access to urban green space Achieved improved access to urban green space Increased access to healthy/affordable food Achieved increased access to healthy/affordable food Education Increased awareness of NBS and their benefits Achieved increased awareness of NBS and their benefits Social and cultural impact indicators Number of participants in outdoor activities or exercise programs in green spaces More than 1000 people have benefited from the vegetable production Area allocated for sustainable food production (ha) 11 parcels Description of social and cultural benefits This is an indicator is the result of the overall programme, not just the garden planted in O'Higgins Park: -Increased awareness of NBS and their benefits: "Through the ‘Molihuerto’ programme, the municipality trains and provides different varieties of vegetables and aromatic herbs to more than 1000 residents who are currently enrolled in the programme." (3) -Increased access to healthy/affordable food: "The municipality implemented municipal plots in different parks of the district, which is why eleven plots were installed in the O'Higgins park where neighbours actively participate in the sowing and subsequent harvesting of vegetables, aromatic and medicinal plants, which are consumed by themselves." (2) Evidence for use of assessment Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process Unknown Presence of indicators used in reporting No evidence in public records Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports No evidence in public records Availability of a web-based monitoring tool No evidence in public records Name of any specific impact assessment tools Unknown Use of GIS in mapping impacts No evidence in public records Cost-benefit analysis Unknown Transparency Clear communication channels for stakeholders to provide feedback, raise concerns, and ask questions about the project Justice Community satisfaction Mixed: Feedback and reports show a combination of positive and negative sentiments regarding satisfaction with the NBS project within the community. Description of locals satisfaction with the project There are positive comments because of the possibility of acquiring vegetables grown without chemicals and because of the workshops that are held. But on the other hand, it is mentioned that the channels to which the municipality refers do not work, e.g. the telephone number, and that the programme is being carried out in one of the wealthier districts. Trade-offs & Negative impacts Social justice and conflicts Limited access to NBS benefits for certain socio-economic groups Emphasis of existing social inequalities or injustices No information reported related to negative social justice-related impacts of the NBS project Measures to prevent gentrification or displacement No initiatives or policies were implemented High-quality & Transformative NBS Multiple impacts delivery (climate, biodiversity, just community) No Goal setting and impacts delivery No, project goals were not set, and benefits were not delivered in all 3 key areas. Reaching original project goals Most of the project goals were achieved Long-term perspective Yes Cost-effective solutions Yes Equitable impacts B. Particular population groups have reported unequal distribution of project impacts or dissatisfaction. Reason for unequal distribution of project benefits Due to not adequately targeting existing and known justice or inclusion issues Transformative capacity Social change (e.g. social relationships, networks and dynamics within them) Ecological change (e.g. ecosystem functions and their distribution) Magnitude of change Incremental: shallow; that is, mostly maintaining business-as-usual approaches to adaptation Application of lessons learned The NBS has been shared or used as a good practice to trigger transformative change Perception of Environmental Change Unknown 6. Sources References 1. La Molina Municipality (n.d.). Molihuertos. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 2. La Molina Municipality (n.d.). El programa “Molihuerto” promueve la agricultura urbana en el distrito. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 3. Redacción Trome (2022). La Molina: Municipio instala ‘Molihuertos’ en parques urbanos ante encarecimiento de productos agrícolas. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 4. El Dominical de Panamericana (2022). Vecinos de La Molina aplican agricultura urbana ante eventual crisis alimentaria. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 5. El Dominical de Panamericana (2022). Vecinos de La Molina aplican agricultura urbana ante eventual crisis alimentaria. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 6. GERENCIA DE PLANEAMIENTO, PRESUPUESTO Y DESARROLLO INSTITUCIONAL (2020). COMPENDIO ESTADISTICO Año 2020. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 7. Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (2020). Planos estratificados de Lima Metropolitana a Nivel de Manzanas 2020. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 8. GUSTAVO A F Videos (2022). Alcalde de La Molina, vecinos y estudiantes participan de la 4ta implementación de Molihuertos. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; 9. Buenos Días Perú (2020). “Molihuertos”: la nueva alternativa de La Molina para enfrentar la pandemia. Accessed on September 5, 2024, [Source link] [Archive]; Comments and notes Public Images Image Molihuerto La Molina's Municipality Image Community participation in a Molihuerto La Molina's Municipality
