1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Yerevan
Region
Asia
Short description of the intervention
The Armenia Tree Project is a national initiative founded in 1994. The project engages in involving different community members in an urban planting program, environmental education and outreach. ATP has targeted the most vulnerable communities with the most need for greenery. The focus and attention that is given to these areas help trees to grow and flourish but also creates a stronger bond between the inhabitants and the land they live on. Major greening sites are typically public parks, schools, kindergartens, cultural centers, military bases, churches, historical monuments and other significant landmarks. ATP also focused on Yerevan, the capital of Armenia which has become the "theatre" of many planting campaigns. From a climate change perspective, the project addresses issues of clean air and temperature regulation, as Armenia confronts a frequency of extreme weather events, worsening desertification and land degradation. From a biodiversity perspective, the project aims to conserve the country's rich biodiversity and to restore its ecosystems. (1,2,3)
Address

Arshakunyats Street 57/5
0026
Yerevan
Armenia

Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
1994
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
1994
End date of the intervention
ongoing
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
Armenia's climate can be described as highland continental with large variations between summer highs and winter lows. The country's capital, Yerevan, experienced for the first time in 2018 a record temperature of 42 degrees Celsius. Floods also represent a risk for the city capital, and the economy of the country depends heavily on the city. As a response to the many challenges Armenia and its cities has yet to encounter, ATP initiated planting sites throughout Armenia’s capital, Yerevan, as well as in other major cities. ATP aims to focus on the following aspects:
1. To have green areas in cities to protect people against pollutants and dust, and to provide shade and lower temperatures caused by hot summers, traffic, concrete heat and greenhouse gases.
2. To clean the air that the Armenians breathe of carbon dioxide but also to beautify a major part of Yerevan.
3. To plant a variety of climatically suitable seedlings in a given location to help maintain the area's biodiversity and resilience.
4. To engage in an environmental and community building planting program in different urban areas of Yerevan.
ATP’s mission is to assist the Armenian people in using trees to improve their standard of living and protect the environment, guided by the need to promote self-sufficiency, aid those with the fewest resources first, and conserve the indigenous ecosystem. ATP’s three major programs are tree planting, environmental education, and sustainable development initiatives. (1,2,3)
Quantitative targets
Targeting 1 district of Yerevan, 6 parks, and 2 schools as selected sites for planting: St. Zoravar Andranik park, the Holy Trinity church park, Love and Faith park, Youth park, Maternity park, Avedisian school, School N. 190
Targeting approx. 130,000 people affected by the intervention
Planting over 90,000 trees specifically in Yerevan
Including 9 types of trees in the planting action (2)
Monitoring indicators defined
Number of people benefiting from the action
Number of sites prepared for planting
Number of trees aimed to be planted
Number of species to be planted (2)
Climate change adaptation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Climate change adaptation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
Climate change mitigation: What were the goals of the NBS?
Climate change mitigation: What activities are implemented to realize the conservation goals and targets?
Habitats and biodiversity conservation: What types of conservation goals are / were defined for the NBS intervention?
Implementation activities
Every year ATP engages alongside volunteers and NGOs in planting trees in large areas in cities as well as in rural locations. The trees are grown in local nurseries ( nurseries in Karin and Khachpar villages, with others coming from the Mirak Family Reforestation Nursery, Keti, Aghavnavank, and Margahovit) and the community tree planting happens over 2 seasons: spring and autumn. The planting is based on volunteering based but temporary workers also take part. The planting project has the following schedule:
1. First the team searches for locations for plantings and at the same time they respond to requests for trees.
2. The planting season begins
3. The teams return to sites to check on the trees and offer professional advice. Monitoring visits follow every planting. The team return to the site soon after the planting to ensure the trees take root. They visit all the sites from time to time but priority is given to newly planted sites and 1 year-old sites because they are in the most critical period of the planting
process. Older sites are visited less often since the trees there are already out of that critical period, but those sites continue to remain in their plans. (1)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Alley or street trees and other street vegetation
Green playgrounds and school grounds
Parks and urban forests
Pocket parks/neighbourhood green spaces
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
approx. 90,000 trees (2)
Amenities offered by the NBS
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Provisioning services
Food for human consumption (crops, vegetables)
Regulating services
Local climate regulation (temperature reduction)
Air quality regulation
Carbon storage/sequestration
Flood regulation
Habitat and supporting services
Habitats for species
Cultural services
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Governance
Governance arrangements
Non-government actors
Public sector institution (e.g. school or hospital)
Non-governmental organisation (NGO) / Civil society / Churches
Citizens or community groups
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The initiative was developed by the team at ATP and dates back to 1994. ATP works as an NGO with offices in the U.S and Armenia and raises its funds through crowdfunding, individual or institutional donations, etc. ATP also welcomes temporary workers and volunteers. From time to time, the organisation pairs up with local schools or communities as well as the local administration (especially if the planting site targeted happens to be a local park that needs restoration) in order to implement its project or select the sites for planting. (1,2)
Key actors - initiating organization
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Local government/municipality
Public sector institution
Non-government organisation/civil society
Citizens or community group
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Yes
Please specify the "Regional Directive/Strategy"
This intervention in Yerevan is not necessarly connected with an EU Directive, however in 2021 the EU Ambassador to Armenia mentioned that: “Actions on climate change, environmental protection and sustainable development are at the heart of the European Green Deal and are among the main priorities of the EU-Armenia Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement. We are convinced that going green is at the center of economic recovery, hence the eagerness of the European Union to continue supporting in Armenia biodiversity conservation, climate change adaptation, renewable energy, sustainable waste management and other environmental projects.” (4)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the national regulations/strategy/plan
The national strategy of Armenia is explained in the national forestry program that aims to ensure sustainable management of forests and forest areas. The National Forest Policy is aimed at the restoration of deteriorated forest ecosystems, emphasizing the conservation and development of environmental, social and economic properties of forests, for the benefit of the people and the prosperity of the country. Throughout the years, under this strategy the government cooperated with ATP in their projects. (5)
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Unknown
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Voluntary (spontaneous)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The project itself is notable as it focuses not only on Yerevan but also on near by municipalities, a total of 452 villages and cities that were greened under the project. (2)
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
ATP supports its work through donnations. IN 2020, more than 600 partners supported the NGO at the $1 to $99 level. (1)
Source(s) of funding
Type of fund(s) used
Non-financial contribution
Yes
Business models
Type of innovation
Please specify social innovation
ATP designs an approach that interconnects the education, awareness-raising and economic empowerment that is vital to environmental sustainability and healthy living. The project shares the management of the planting sites with the volunteers and the communities. (1)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The idea of planting trees in the syestem implemented by ATP is completely new for Yerevan and Armenia.
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
In 2021 planting locations included Makenis, Akhrapradzor, Vardenis, Geghhovit, Mets Masrik, Sarukhan, Gavar, Madina, Lanjaghbyur and Gegharkunik communities.(4)
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
One of the expected outcome of the project was that the planted trees will create a forest that on the long term will contribute to biodiversity, soil and water conservation, and carbon sequestration. For the Yerevan locations 82,665 trees have been planted with a survival rate of 53% - 6 parks have been greened. In a nerby by location in Yerevan, in a local school 935 trees have been planted, with a survival rate of 83%. The most popular sites that have ATP trees include St. Zoravar Andranik park, the Holy Trinity church park, Love and Faith park, Youth park, Maternity park, Avedisian school, School N. 190 and many others. There are six parks in Malatia district which have been greened with the help of ATP in cooperation with the district administration.(2) In 2020, according to a report from ATP, 399,001 trees were planted in different locations (including Yerevan) of which approx. 9,200 were fruits trees. The trees were planted in 106 sites, in all 11 regions of Armenia, including Yerevan; 34 sites were new territories for ATP. From the species present one must mention: walnut, apple, cherry, apricot. (1) These types of trees are conductive to pollination: honeybees, mason bees, and bumblebees are the main pollinators of apples, for example.
Description of economic benefits
In 2020, 150 seasonal workers were hired. Besides this, the project involved and trained over 4,000 community members to help ATP plant and care for the trees. (1)
Description of social and cultural benefits
In 2020, over 3,000 students were educated about environmental education on Zoom. Environmental education has been one of Armenia Tree Project’s major programs for the past 15 years, so when schools closed and people began following the norms of social distancing to prevent the spread of the coronavirus outbreak, the organization changed gears quickly. In Armenia and in the Diaspora, ATP had an ambitious agenda of programs and visits scheduled with students, including preparations for diasporan students who were planning to visit Armenia to plant trees with their peers this spring. Within a week, most programs had been cancelled or postponed, so ATP’s educators went into action to present new material online. (1)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
Number of trees planted
Number of paid workers and volunteers involved
Number of childred educated
Type of species included (1,2)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Environmental education has been one of Armenia Tree Project’s major programs for the past 15 years, so when schools closed and people began following the norms of social distancing to prevent the spread of the coronavirus outbreak, the organization changed gears quickly. In Armenia and in the Diaspora, ATP had an ambitious agenda of programs and visits scheduled with students, including preparations for diasporan students who were planning to visit Armenia to plant trees with their peers this spring. Within a week, most programs had been cancelled or postponed, so ATP’s educators went into action to present new material online. (1)
Methods of impact monitoring
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Yes
Presence of indicators used in reporting
Yes
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
No evidence in public records
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Unknonw
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Yes
Mode(s) of citizen involvement in evaluation/assessment
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Yes
Please specify
Following planting, ATP Monitors conduct follow-up visits to the communities. This is especially important for
newly planted sites and those that are less than one year old, to ensure that the trees take root. During these visits, ATP Monitors also obtain feedback from community caretakers about such things as replacing
trees or the need for additional ones. During these visits, ATP Monitors also train the community caretakers in the skills they need to manage the plantings on an ongoing-basis. Careful and frequent monitoring and communication with community caretakers are critical to the long-term survival of the planted seedlings during the vulnerable early stages of growth. If the caretaker in a community is no longer able to be a part of the program, ATP will go back and find a suitable replacement so that the continuity of the program is maintained for benefit of the community. (4)
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
List of references
1. ATP (2020), Annual Report 2020, available at https://armeniatree.org/uploads/images/AnnualReport2020.pdf (accessed 18-03-2022)
2. ATP (no date), Village and city greening, available at https://www.armeniatree.org/en/village, (accessed 18-03-2022)
3. Talking Points (no date), ATP is Planting Armenia’s Future, available at http://www.isiswomen.org/downloads/wia/wia-2009-1/1wia09_03TalkPoints_Gharibyan.pdf (accessed 18-03-2022)
4. ATP (2021), TREES FOR LIFE Official Newsletter of Armenia Tree Project, available at https://armeniatree.org/uploads/images/TFLVol4Issue1.pdf (accessed 18-03-2022)
5. The Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia (2019),
PM: “The Government of Armenia has a strong commitment and political will to preserve, restore and expand forests”, available at https://www.primeminister.am/en/press-release/item/2019/10/22/Nikol-Pashinyan-forest-summit/ (accessed 18-03-2022)
Comments and notes
Public Images
Image
ATP 4 Neighbourhood
Photo 4
https://www.armeniatree.org/en/village
Image
ATP 2
Photo 2
https://www.armeniatree.org/en/village
Image
ATP 3 Park
Photo 3
https://www.armeniatree.org/en/village