1. General information
Location and description of the intervention
City or FUA
Zaragoza
Region
Europe
Native title of the NBS intervention
Riberas del rio Ebro/
Short description of the intervention
"After decades of abandonment and deterioration, Zaragoza took advantage of the opportunity of the Expo 2008, to form a new relationship with the Ebro River, transforming empty, inaccessible, degraded and unsafe banks into places of encounter and representation. Public works on the Ebro were designed as structures with various functions." (Ref.3)
Address

Rio Ebro
Zaragoza
Spain

Area boundary
POINT (-0.854685 41.652376)
POINT (-0.855398 41.649747)
POINT (-0.890851 41.659366)
POINT (-0.889354 41.661803)
POINT (-0.901976 41.666676)
POINT (-0.901708 41.66791)
POINT (-0.92242 41.66666)
POINT (-0.920323 41.666724)
POINT (-0.901574 41.681405)
POINT (-0.899578 41.681333)
NBS area image
Source of NBS area image
Ref. 3, F. Pellicer
Total area
829900.00m²
Type of area before implementation of the NBS
Please specify “other type of area” before implementation of the NBS
River (Ref. 1-6)
Timeline of intervention
Start date of the intervention (planning process)
2001
Start date of intervention (implementation process)
2008
End date of the intervention
2011
Present stage of the intervention
Goals of the intervention
- Transform the areas of disrepair into areas of leisure and meeting places.
- Return the nature to the landscape and take advantage of the energies present in the environment
- Maintain and empower the cultural heritage
- Procure diversity in the form and maintenance of the different sections in relation to their natural and cultural characteristics
- Excel in the quality and use of the infrastructures
- Facilitate the accessibility to the space and the continuous longitudinal and crossway use of the pathways
- Promote and integrate multiple and compatible functions to satisfy the necessities of the citizens (hydraulic defence, water sports, kiosks)
- Guarantee cost-effectiveness/ use in its environmental, social and economic aspects.
(Ref. 3)
Quantitative targets
Length of river banks for interventions is 9km on each side of the river (Ref. 3)
Total of 829 900 m2 of intervention (Ref. 1)
Monitoring indicators defined
Articulation of free spaces, endowments and transport. The river as the backbone of the new urban structure.
Establishment of conditions of centrality in activities and uses.
Public accessibility and mobility for the full integration of the river.
Multifunctionality and diversity: polyvalence of landscapes and functions.
Representation of the city.
Promotion of public uses in the space.
Urban qualification: building fronts and river facades.
Creation of stable watershed.
Quality of urbanization: streets, bridges, squares.
Design of banks and river banks.
(Ref 2)
m2 of intervention (Ref. 1)
km on each side of the river (Ref. 3)
Implementation activities
2000 to 2005- Proposals for the intervention plan begin parallel/ as part of the Expo 2008 Plans.
17 different interventions/ rehabilitation projects form part of the Riberas project, including installments of pedestrian pathways and bicycle paths
Sub-interventions of the whole project grouped into three main actions:
1. Parque del Agua and the banks of the Ranillas sections: Integrate and harmonize an area of 150 hectares to make the park and its banks cohesive through the building of fluvial groves, forests, botanic park, water canal, river beaches, urban gardens, sporting areas, school and theater for kids, kiosks, restaurants.
2. River park of the right bank: park corridor that allows the continuous access to the banks of the river .
3. The pathway of the left bank
(Ref 3, 359-369)
NBS domain and interventions
Ecological domain(s) where the NBS intervention(s) is/are implemented
Grey infrastructure featuring greens
Green playgrounds and school grounds
Riverbank/Lakeside greens
Parks and urban forests
Large urban parks or forests
Botanical gardens
Green corridors and green belts
Other
Blue infrastructure
Rivers/streams/canals/estuaries
Green areas for water management
Swales and filter strips
Other
Please specify "other parks or (semi)natural urban green area"
Urban gardens, river beaches (Ref. 3)
Please specify "other green areas for water management"
Use of green areas as moats for inundation prevention (Ref. 3)
What is the level of innovation / development of the NBS related to water management?
Vegetation Type
Please specify how many trees were planted
Unknown
Services
Expected ecosystem services delivered
Regulating services
Flood regulation
Mediation of smell / noise / visual impacts
Cultural services
Aesthetic appreciation
Inspiration for culture, art and design
Recreation
Social and community interactions
Scale
Spatial scale
Meso-scale: Regional, metropolitan and urban level
Beneficiaries
Please specify other local relevant strategy
River management plan (Ref. 3)
Governance
Governance arrangements
Non-government actors
Other
Please specify the roles of the specific government and non-government actor groups involved in the initiative
The intervention was developed as part of the Zaragoza Expo 2008, led by the Expoagua Society 2008
other bodies involved were the Ministry of Development (Fomento), Hydrological Confederation of the Ebro, General Deputy of Aragon, and the City (Ayuntamiento) of Zaragoza. (ref 3, 355)
It also involved the support of professional associations, the university, and civil society (ref 3, 356)
Land owners
Key actors - Other stakeholders involved (besides initiating actors)
Multilateral organisation
National government
Regional government
Local government/municipality
Public sector institution
Non-government organisation/civil society
Business association or network
Researchers/university
Citizens or community group
Land owners
Participatory methods/forms of community involvement used
Policy drivers
NBS intervention implemented in response to an Regional Directive/Strategy
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a national regulations/strategy/plan
Unknown
NBS intervention implemented in response to a local regulation/strategy/plan
Yes
Please specify the "local regulation/strategy/plan"
Plan of the Ebro Riverbanks 2001, this plan was designed to address the rehabilitation and conditioning of the riverbanks of the Ebro. (ref 4)
Mandatory or voluntary intervention
Mandatory (based on policy)
Enablers
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS vision/strategy/plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of specific city-level GI/NBS section/part in a more general plan - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify the general plan with GI/NBS section
Zaragoza Urban Organization Plan 1998, and Master Plan 2001- The goal of incorporating the river into a mobility spine of the city is mentioned in both these plans and was pursued through the structure of Expo 2008 plans and the specific Plan of the Ebro Riverbanks 2001 (ref 3 and 4)
If there is a relevant strategy or plan, please specify the theme / type of the plan.
Please specify other vegetation type
1. Parque del Agua and the banks of the Ranillas sections; fluvial groves, forests, botanic park, water canal, river beaches, urban gardens
2. River park of the right bank: park corridor ; river.
3. The pathway of the left bank
(Ref. 3)
Presence of city network or regional partnerships focused on NBS - mentioned in connection to the project
Unknown
Presence of GI / NBS research project - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
Guides for Urban and Landscape of the East part of Zaragoza- an agreement between the University and the City of Zaragoza with the aim to establish a basis for revitalization of neighborhoods and culminating the scheme set out in the Plan de Riberas del Ebro of 2001. (ref. 3)
Subsidies/investment for GI / NBS in the city - mentioned in connection to the project
Yes
Please specify
The project was funded in connection to the Zaragoza Expo 2008 by Expoagua Zaragoza S.A, which was the body formed to manage, organize and promote the Expo. (ref 2 and 3)
Co-finance for NBS
Yes
Co-financing governance arrangements
Unknown
Was this co-governance arrangement already in place, or was it set up specifically for this NBS?
Financing
What is/was the Cost/Budget (EUR) of the NBS or green infrastructure elements?
Unknown
What are the total amount of expected annual maintenance costs?
Unknown
What is the expected annual maintenance costs of the NBS or GI elements?
Unknown
Please specify cost savings
Unknown
Please specify total cost (EUR)
147 100 000 million euros for the 17 different projects (Ref.1)
The Expoagua financed the projects for the Expo 2008, and part of the riberas projects that were attached to it. (Ref.3, 355)
Please specify other source of funding
Intergovernmental organization (Expoagua Society) (Ref. 3)
Non-financial contribution
Unknown
Which of the involved actors was motivated by this model?
Please specify technological innovation
The surrounding area of the Ebro river was not integrated into the city with areas of disrepair. Therefore, in order to integrate it parks, green corridors, roads, and diverse gardens were planned. This is a central aspect of the innovation and value of the intervention as the green corridor forms the biggest exponent of the environment and heritage in Zaragoza. Moreover, the spatial planning of the river banks ensures that they provide a flood prevention mechanism for future occurrences of rising water levels. (Ref 3)
Please specify novelty level of the innovation
The intervention continued after initial efforts linked to the Expo '08, thus it took from the project's structured and furthered it in order to create a long running corridor that connects the city to the river and provides leisure spaces for the residents. (ref 3)
Please specify Replicability/Transferability
unknown
Impacts, benefits
Description of environmental benefits
Following the intervention, the Ebro river corridor has transformed into a multipurpose space that facilitates the evacuation of water in floods and preserves and enhances natural life (Ref. 3)
829 000 m2 of rehabilitated parks into green corridors along the banks of the river (Ref. 1-3)
The success of parks and green areas as moats for inundation prevention (ex. Elevated pathways of the ACTUR neighbourhood which prevented flooding in 2015) (Ref. 3)

Economic impacts
Description of economic benefits
Unknown
Description of social and cultural benefits
Following the intervention, the Ebro river corridor has transformed into a multipurpose space that enables longitudinal and transversal routes, provides access and enjoyment of the water, and is a recipient of new symbolic and representative contents of the city (Ref. 3)
-The surrounding area of the Ebro river was not integrated into the city with areas of disrepair. Therefore, in order to integrate it parks, green corridors, roads, and diverse gardens were planned. This is a central aspect of the innovation and value of the intervention as the green corridor forms the biggest exponent of the environment and heritage in Zaragoza. Moreover, the spatial planning of the river banks ensures that they provide a flood prevention mechanism for future occurrences of rising water levels. (Ref 3)
Type of reported impacts
Indicators
829 900 m2 of rehabilitated parks into green corridors along the banks of the river: (green space, regeneration, health and wellbeing, cultural heritage)
Analysis of specific impact categories
Job creation: The NBS created ...
Environmental justice: The implementation of the NBS project resulted in ...
Negative impacts: Did the project cause any problems or concerns?
No information was found regarding negative impacts of the project
COVID-19 pandemic
Delayed openings of pools has led to the perceived possibility of the Ebro River as being a source of cooling off and being close to nature (Ref. 7)
Methods of impact monitoring
Process of recording NBS impacts
Methods used to evaluate the impacts of NBS
Evidence for use of assessment
Presence of an assessment, evaluation and/or monitoring process
Unknown
Presence of indicators used in reporting
No evidence in public records
Presence of monitoring/evaluation reports
Yes
Availability of a web-based monitoring tool
No evidence in public records
Impact assessment mechanism
Name of any specific impact assessment tools
Assessment and results presentation at Turin's IV International Conference SOS-LOG (ref 4)
Use of GIS in mapping impacts
No evidence in public records
Citizen involvement
Citizens involvement in assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Citizens involvement in the analysis of the assessment/evaluation
Unknown
Follow-up to the evaluation / assessment
Unknown
References
Documents relevant to the intervention
Attachment Size
Ref. 3 (1.62 MB) 1.62 MB
Ref. 4 (3.83 MB) 3.83 MB
Ref. 6 (796.95 KB) 796.95 KB
List of references
1. Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza Unidad de Gestión de la Web Municipal webmuncipal@ayto-zaragoza.es. (2006). Grandes proyectos e einfraestructuras. Available at: https://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad//grandesproyectos/riberas/riberas_resumen.htm [Accessed: 31 August 2020].

2. Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza Unidad de Gestión de la Web Municipal. (2007). Proyecto de márgenes y riberas urbanas del río Ebro. Available at: https://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad//grandesproyectos/riberas/riberas_general.htm [Accessed 31 August 2020].

3. Corellano, F. P. (2015). La recuperación de las riberas del Ebro en Zaragoza. Un efecto perdurable del evento efímero Expo 2008. Universidad de Zaragoza. [Document provided].

4. Expo Zaragoza 2008. (2008). Expo Zaragoza 2008 and the transformation of the city. [Document provided].

5. Gobierno España. (2006). INFORME DE VIABILIDAD SEGÚN EL ARTÍCULO 46.5 DE LA LEY DE AGUAS. PROYECTOS DE MÁRGENES Y RIBERAS URBANAS EN EL RÍO EBRO EN ZARAGOZA. [Not available 2020].

6. Gobierno España. (n.d.). INFORME DE VIABILIDAD SEGÚN EL ARTÍCULO 46.5 DE LA LEY DE AGUAS. PROYECTOS DE MÁRGENES Y RIBERAS URBANAS EN EL RÍO EBRO EN ZARAGOZA. [Document provided].

7. Alconchel, I. (2020). ¿Y si nos volviéramos a bañar en el Ebro? Qué se puede hacer y qué no en el río. elDiario.es. Available at: https://www.eldiario.es/aragon/sociedad/que-hacer-no-hacer-en-los-rios-aragoneses-banar-ebro-gallego_1_6016152.html. [Accessed: 2 September 2020].
Comments and notes
Comments
2020 comments:
Previous review listed Ref. 3 as source for the following dimensions, but was unable to find the numbers in the document:
- Installment of pedestrian pathway (4 meters wide)
- Installment of a bicycle path (2.7 meters wide)
Additionally, previous review listed (Ref 3, 359-369) in Section 2/ Implementation Activities, but document linked for Ref. 3 have page numbers 353-362.
Public Images
Image
Ebro River Plan
Ebro River General Plan
Source: Ref. 2, Zaragoza City Council
Image
Ebro-Before
Ebro River before Intervention
Source: Ref. 3
Image
Ebro-After
Ebro River after Intervention
Source: Ref. 3